Influence of factors in the oral mucosa maturation pattern: a cross-sectional study applying multivariate analyses

Aim: To evaluate the association between oral health status, socio-demographic and behavioral factors with the pattern of maturity of normal epithelial oral mucosa. Methods: Exfoliative cytology specimens were collected from 117 men from the border of the tongue and floor of the mouth on opposite sides. Cells were stained with the Papanicolaou method and classified into: anucleated, superficial cells with nuclei, intermediate and parabasal cells. Quantification was made by selecting the first 100 cells in each glass slide. Sociodemographic and behavioral variables were collected from a structured questionnaire. Oral health was analyzed by clinical examination, recording decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT) and use of prostheses. Multivariable linear regression models were applied. Results: No significant differences for all studied variables influenced the pattern of maturation of the oral mucosa except for alcohol consumption. There was an increase of cell surface layers of the epithelium with the chronic use of alcohol. Conclusions: It is appropriate to use Papanicolaou cytopathological technique to analyze the maturation pattern of exposed subjects, with a strong recommendation for those who use alcohol - a risk factor for oral cancer, in which a change in the proportion of cell types is easily detected.

Correlación entre estudio citológico y estudio histopatológico en el diagnóstico de Neoplasia Tiroidea. SOLCA - Cuenca. 2009- 2013

La neoplasia tiroidea impulsa la búsqueda de métodos diagnósticos para obtener un dictamen precoz y tratamiento oportuno que permitan mayor supervivencia y mejor calidad de vida. Objetivo: determinar la correlación entre estudio citológico e histopatológico en el diagnóstico de Neoplasia Tiroidea en pacientes atendidos en SOLCA – Cuenca, periodo 2009-2013. Metodología: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico y de correlación diagnóstica, elaborado con historias clínicas de pacientes en quienes se realizó punciones (PAAF) para la citología, según el Sistema Bethesda, y con histopatología, para diagnosticar neoplasia tiroidea. Resultados: investigación desarrollada con 415 pacientes con neoplasia tiroidea. Caracterizada por 89.2% de mujeres; edad promedio de 51.8 ± 15.2 años, de 41-55 años fue la mayor categoría (36,9%); 47.2% procedieron de Cuenca y el 37.8% de las provincias vecinas. Estado civil casado/a fue más frecuente, 269 (64,8%), y de profesión “amas de casa” fueron las más afectadas 231 (55,7%). El 96.4% de diagnósticos citológicos Bethesda categoría 6, fueron confirmados por histología. Hubo correlación (r = 0.49) significativa y concordancia moderada (kappa = 0.337) entre citología e histología. Sensibilidad=63% (IC95%: 58 – 69), Especificidad=94% (IC95%: 89 – 98), RVP=10.9 (IC95%: 5 – 22) y RVN=0.39 (IC95%: 0.3 – 0.4). Conclusiones: la citología por PAAF es una herramienta para el estudio, diagnóstico de pacientes con afecciones tiroideas. Una punción realizada por expertos es una técnica rápida, económica, bien tolerada, y produce resultados confiables. La categorización Bethesda representa un sistema confiable, válido para reportar citología de tiroides

Prevalência da infecção por HPV e perfil das mulheres frente ao exame de papanicolau no município de São José de Mipibú/RN.

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major sexually transmitted disease all over the world. There are many factors associated to infection and the virus persistency in the organism. This study aims to evaluate the women's knowledge, attitudes and practice about the Papanicolaou test (Pap), as well as analyze the HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis infections prevalences in sexually active women from the city of São José do Mipibu/RN/Brazil. This research was divided in two steps (step I and step II), using different methodologies and samples each. The samples collected in each step, even socio-demographic or from uterus cervix, are from different patients e were analyzed separated. In step I was evaluated 267 rural and urban zone women s knowledge, attitudes and practices about the Pap by home interview. In the step II were included 605 women with age ranged from 15 to 71 years old, with mean of 33,5 years old and from each one were collected two cervical samples, one for Pap and other for molecular biology, beside the epidemiological interview to investigate the correlation between prevalence of HPV infection and risk factors. To molecular analyses, the samples were processed using a mammal rapid DNA extraction technique protocol. For C. trachomatis DNA detection were used the CP24/27 primers, and GP5+/GP6+ to HPV. PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 8% polyacrylamide gels, followed by silver staining. The results of the step I showed that, in spite of only 46,1% of the interviewed women they have demonstrated to possess appropriate knowledge on the Pap test, the attitude and practice proportions were significantly larger, 63,3% and 64,4% respectively. The largest education degree presented association with adaptation of the knowledge, attitudes and practice, while neglect, lack of solicitation of the exam for the doctor and shame, came as main barriers for the accomplishment of the exam. In the stage II the HPV general prevalence was 28,9%, being 26,7% in the women with normal cytology or benign alterations, 26,7% in the ones that had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and 80% in those with Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). the HPV infection prevalence was larger in the patients with up to 30 years of age and in the unmarried women, and those that had more than one sexual partner presented larger infection risk. The results show that the sexual relationship with multiple partners increased the infection risk for HPV and consequently the possibility of the occurrence of lesions uterine cervix

Quality Of Pe Buck Sperm Stored In Different Packaging

AI for cattle has been develop in Indonesia in contrast, AI for small ruminants (sheep and goat) are less developed. Its due to the lack of facilities, processing and packaging during storage. This research aims to compare the effectivity and efficiency of two different packaging technique (test tube and straw). Test tube and 0.25 ml mini straw were tested . Semen was obtained from adult PE buck (3 yr) after collection by using  artificial vagina. The fresh semen was then evaluated and diluted 5 folds with 2.9 percent Na-citrate. Diluted semen then packed in test tube and mini straw, and stored in refrigerator (100C) for 7 days. Observations were done everyday on sperm motility, abnormality and percentage of  live sperm. Observation were made at 370C. Observation on fresh ejaculate showed that semen has 6x 109/ml concentration, 90 percent motility, 8 percent abnormality and  95 percent  live sperm. Five folds dilution reduced sperm concentration to 1.2 x 109/ml, but did not change sperm motility, abnormality and percent of live sperm. Sperm was then packed according  to the treatments. Storage in both packaging did significantly reduce  (P<0.01) sperm motility and percent live sperm, but not for sperm abnormality. All sperm stored in test tube were classified death at day 5 storage. However, sperm in the straw were remain live eventhough the percentages was low. It can be concluded that straw has a better result than test tube. Eventhough sperm motility was extremely low, it remains valuable for cervical insemination. (Animal Production 1(1) : 24-29 (1999).  Key Words : Sperm, PE Buck, Straw, Test Tube

Effectivity of Various β-Carotene Concentration on Quality of Frozen-Thawed Semen of Garut Rams

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the quality of frozen-thawed semen of Garut rams that cryopreserved with Tris extender containing the various β-carotene concentrations. Semen was collected from four mature Garut rams using artificial vagina once a week. Immediately after initial evaluation, semen was divided into four parts and diluted with Tris extender containing 5% glycerol + 0% (control), 0.001% (Kt0.001), 0.002% (Kt0.002), and 0.003% (Kt0.003) β-carotene, respectively. Semen was loaded in 0.25 ml mini straw with the concentration of 200 million motile sperm. Semen was equilibrated at 5ºC for three hours, then frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen container for 7 days. Quality of processed-semen including motility, live sperm, intact acrosomal cap (IAC), and intact plasma membrane (IPM) were evaluated after diluted, equilibrated, and thawed, respectively. Concentration of malondialdehide (MDA) semen after thawing were evaluated. Data were analyzed as completely randomized design with four treatments and nine replicates. Means values were compared by least significant difference test at 0.05 significant level. Results indicated that mean value of post thawing motility and live sperm for Kt0.002 (50.55% and 56.78%) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than Kt0.001 (46.11% and 52.89%), Kt0.003 (46.67% and 53.33%) and control (46.67% and 52.33%). Mean value of post thawing IAC and IPM for Kt0.002 (51.00% and 53.78%) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than control ( 47.11% and 48.44%), but not significantly different with Kt0.001 (49.00% and 50.00%), and Kt0.003 (48.89% and 49.67%). MDA concentration of frozen-thawed semen for Kt0.001 (3.37 mg/kg), Kt0.002 (3.80 mg/kg), and Kt0.003 (4.61 mg/kg) were significantly lower (P<0.05) than control (5.24 mg/kg). in conclusion, concentration of 0.002% β-carotene in Tris extender is the optimal dose in improving frozen semen quality of garut rams. (Animal Production 7(1): 6-13 (2005) Key Words : β-carotene, frozen-thawed semen, intact plasma membrane, MDA, Garut Rams