Composição do óleo essencial de rubim (Leonurus sibiricus L. - Lamiaceae)

The essential oils are found in a great number of Lamiaceae family species, but few researches were carried out on this subject. This work had as a goal to identify the Leonurus sibiricus L. (rubim) essential oil composition. Rubim leaves and flowers in infusion are able to avoid vomit, diarrhea, and are also indicated in cold, cough, bronchitis and rheumatisms cases. In order to know what are the phytochemical compositions involved, it was used the gas chromatography techniques with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as methodology. The results showed 70% volatility compound by trans-cariophylene, alpha-humulene and germacrene-D. Other substances like gamacadinene, beta-bourborene and alpha-copaene were found like compounds of this essential oil species.

Rendimento de óleo essencial de Salvia officinalis L. sob ação de reguladores vegetais

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different plant growth regulators on essential oil yield in Salvia officinalis L. plants. The experiment was held in a greenhouse and the experimental design was completely randomized, with 5 treatments and three replications. The Treatments consisted in the application of gibberellic acid (GA3), benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid (ethephon), and Stimulate at 2%, compared with control plants (water). Applications of plant growth regulators were performed in three consecutive periods, in turn, 15, 25 and 35 days after transplanting of seeding germinating in the light at 25°C. The dry mass yield of the aerial part and the oil essential content were determined 131 days after the transplant. The aerial part of the plants was dried in an oven at 35°C; after dry mass determination, the oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and its volume was determined. Plants treated with GA 3 and Stimulate showed increase in essential oil content, while plants treated with BAP and ethephon showed decrease in essential oil volume when compared with the control plants.

Desempenho dinâmico de um trator agrícola utilizando biodiesel destilado de óleo residual

The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamic performance of an agricultural tractor utilizing distilled biodiesel (50% ethylic + 50% methylic) as a function of the proportion of biodiesel and diesel of petroleum (0 and 100%, 5 and 95%, 15 and 85%, 25 and 75%, 50 and 50%, 75 and 25% and 100 and 0%), respectively. This research was done in the area of the Department of Rural Engineering of the Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal Campus, SP, located in the latitude 21° 14′ 28″ S and longitude 48° 17′12″ W. A tractor 4 x 2 FWA was used, with a 73.6 kW (100 HP) motor and a ballast tractor. The biodiesel used was produced from spent oil from food frying. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with 7 treatments and 5 repetitions, totaling 35 observations. The results showed that the biodiesel and diesel blend significantly influenced the hourly volumetric consumption, hourly mass consumption, fuel consumption per worked area and specific fuel consumption variables. When the tractor operated with 100% of biodiesel (B100) the specific fuel consumption increased 18% on average in relation to diesel (B0).

Efecto de la fertirrigación con n y k en el crecimiento de la palma de coco enano Verde de jiqui

The coconut palm crop has increased with the use of the fertigation technique in Brazil in the last years. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of N and K rates via fertigation, on vegetative growth of three year old palms, cultivated in the littoral region of the Ceará State, Brazil, with tropical rainy climate. The study was conducted in a sandy soil using the variety of green dwarfed Jiqui coconut palm. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with 10 treatments, including five nitrogen and five of potassium rates, according to the model of the experimental matrix Plan Puebla III. The nitrogen and potassiun applications via fertigation influenced significantly the plant height, stem perimeter, and the number of leaves and folioles. © 2009 Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (UCLA).

Producción campesina de Honduras en rubros de exportación agrícola

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Utilização de extratos de plantas medicinais e óleo de Eucaliptus no controle in vitro de Microsporum canis

INTRODUCTION: Microsporum canis is the most common cause of canine and feline dermatophytosis and thus has an important zoonotic role. OBJECTIVES: the aim of this study was to determine the antifungal action of medicinal plant extracts and of eucalyptus oil against pathogenic fungus Microsporum canis. METHODS: the extracts were prepared by mixing 300 g of previously washed leaves with 450 mL of distilled water. Then the material was triturated, filtered, sterilized and conserved at 10 + 2 oC. Fifteen milliliters of sterilized medium Sabouraud dextrose (Difco) at a temperature of 55 + 1 oC was added in Petri dishes containing the extracts in one, two, three, four and five mm concentrations. The fungus was inoculated once the medium was solidified. The inoculated dishes were maintained in B.O.D. incubator at 36 ± 0,5 oC until the fungus developed in the controls. RESULTS: the extracts from Punica granatum, Mangifera indica and Eucalyptus spp reduced the growth of fungus, but the extracts from Cymgopogom nardus, Tagetes minuta, Ruta graviolens, Cyperus rotundus, Annona moricata and Calendula spp leaves and flowers boosted the growth of fungus. The other extracts and the eucalyptus oil neither show any fungicidal action nor encourage mycelium growth. CONCLUSIONS: the use of most tested extracts and eucalyptus oil is not suitable for the treatment of Microsporum canis dermatophytosis due to lack of inhibitory effects. The extracts from Cymgopogom nardus, Tagetes minuta, Ruta graviolens, Cyperus rotundus, Annona moricata and from of Calendula spp leaves and flowers help the development of the fungus making clear that phytotherapy should be properly used, otherwise it can worsen the problem. However; extracts from Mangifera indica, Punica granatum and Eucalyptus spp. can be used as fungistatic.

"Tablero de comando" para la promoción de los biocombustibles en Colombia

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Honduras: tendencias, desafíos y temas estratégicos del desarrollo agropecuario

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Famílias e alunos de origem africana no Maranhão do século XIX

This article demonstrates the existence of black families and the presence of children from these families in public schools of Maranhão, in the nineteenth century. Based on a conjectural methodology newspapers ads of the nineteenth century were consulted and also codices relating to records of baptism, marriage, and documentation of the Government Secretary, located in the Public Archives of the State of Maranhão and Public Library Benedito Leite.

Desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com fontes de carboidratos associadas ao óleo de girassol

This work was carried out with the objective to evaluate the effect of different carbohydrate sources associated with sunflower oil on performance, carcass characteristics and cuts yields of feedlot sheep. Twenty four lambs were assigned to a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two sources of neutral detergent soluble carbohydrate, starch or neutral detergent soluble fiber, with and without the inclusion of 4.2% sunflower oil. The treatments consisted of diets containing high content of soluble fiber (17.14% DM) without adding oil, high in soluble fiber (16.35% DM) with inclusion of 4.2% sunflower oil, high starch (30.14% DM) without adding oil and high starch (28.21% DM) with addition of 4.2% of sunflower oil. The animals were feedlot with average initial of 17.7 kg and when reached 35 kg body weight were slaughtered. The different sources of carbohydrate and oil inclusion in the diet not influence the days on feedlot in the dry matter intake and average daily weight gain, but higher feed conversion was observed for the diet with a high percentage of neutral detergent soluble fiber compared to diet high in starch. The carcass weights and yields as well as the commercial cuts were not affected by diets. The performance and quantitative characteristics and carcass cuts of lamb are not affected by different carbohydrate sources and their association with 4.2% sunflower oil.

Painéis de partículas de madeira leucena e resina poliuretana derivada de óleo de mamona

This research aimed to test particleboard with leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) wood particles and polyurethane resin castor oil based. The response variables are: modulus of rupture (MOR), internal adhesion (AI), apparent density (dap) and wood moisture content (um). The experiments were developed based on the methodological procedures of the ABNT NBR 14810:2002 standard. The particleboards were manufactured by hot-pressing at 4MPa and 90°C, using timber particles with 5% of moisture content and 10% of monocomponent and bicomponent polyurethane resin. The higher moisture content was achieved when the monocomponent polyurethane resin was used. The bicomponent polyurethane resin provided a percent increase of 43.7% and 22.7% on the modulus of rupture and apparent density, respectively, when compared to the standard limit. The internal adhesion of the panels manufactured with monocomponent resin was 2.45 times higher than the standard limit. The confidence interval between means revealed that the internal adhesion and apparent density exhibited statistical equivalence. A good correlation between the internal adhesion and apparent density was found, for this reason it was possible to estimate the internal adhesion of the panels based on the apparent density data.

Paratrichodina africana (Ciliophora): A pathogenic gill parasite in farmed Nile tilapia

Trichodinids are ciliated protozoa that are widely known as one of the main groups of fish parasites. The genus Trichodina presents the greatest species diversity. However, records of Paratrichodina species are scarce, and little is known about their pathogenicity in hosts. The present study provides new records of Paratrichodina africana Kazubski and El-Tantawy (1986) in Nile tilapia from South America and descriptions of pathological changes and seasonality. A total of 304 farmed fish were examined. From gill scraping, parasites were identified using Klein's nitrate impregnation method. Gill samples were fixed for histopathological analysis. Small trichodinid found in this study have a prominent blade apophysis and narrow central part and blade shape that corresponds to the characteristics of P. africana Kazubski and El-Tantawy (1986). Gill lesions were proportional to parasite intensity, in which the gill tissue was compromised in heavy infestation. Proliferative disturbances were found, including epithelial hyperplasia, desquamation, and mononuclear and eosinophilic infiltrate that culminated in necrosis. We did not observe a seasonality effect on the occurrence of P. africana. This ciliated protozoan causes compromised respiratory capacity that leads to severe gill lesions and currently is an important pathogen that afflicts intensive tilapia cultures in Brazil. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Variabilidade genética para o teor de óleo entre progênies autofecundadas de mamona (Ricinus cummunis L.) da cultivar guarani

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Interação patógeno-hospedeiro no patossistema capim limão-ferrugem das folhas e avaliação de ingredientes ativos naturais no controle da doença

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ação da benzocaína e do óleo de cravo sobre parâmetros fisiológicos de tilápia, Oreochromis niloticus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)