A New Species of Paracoccus Ezzat and McConnell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Southern Brazil.

Resumo: O gênero mealybug Paracoccus Ezzat & McConnell (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha : ococcidae Pseud ) em todo o mundo tem oito espécies neotropicais descritas, incluindo duas espécies conhecidas do Brasil. Neste artigo, descrevemos uma terceira espécie do Brasil: Paracoccus galzerae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan sp. n . , com base na morfologia de fêmeas adultas coletadas sobre as raízes da Conyza bonariensis (Asteraceae ) em vinhedos na cidade de Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul. Uma chave de identificação revista incluindo a nova espécie é fornecida para a região Neotropical. Abstract: The worldwide mealybug genus Paracoccus Ezzat & McConnell (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseud ococcidae) has eight described Neotropical species, including two species known from Brazil. In this article, we describe a third species from Brazil: Paracoccus galzerae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan sp. n., based on the morphology of adult females collected on the roots of Conyza bonariensis (Asteraceae) in vineyards in Bento Gonçalves City, Rio Grande do Sul. A revised identification key including the new species is provided for the Neotropical region.

Three new species of eriophyoid mites (Acariformes, Eriophyoidea) from Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) from Brazil, and remarks on the thorn-like spermathecal process.

2016

Phylogeny of the Rhyparini and the new tribe Stereomerini, with descriptions of new genera and species (Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae; Aphodiinae)

A new tribe, the Stereomerini, is established for four unusual genera: Stereomera Arrow, Termitaxis Krikken, Australoxenella n.gen., and Bruneixenus n.gen. The previously described genera are monotypic, as is Bruneixenus, the type species being B. squamosus n.sp. from Brunei. Australoxenella contains two new species, A. humptydooensis, type species, and A. bathurstensis, both from the Northern Territory, Australia. The relationships of the new tribe are analyzed and compared with the most closely related tribe, the Rhyparini, in the Aphodiinae. The tribe Rhyparini is redefined, and the genus Notocaulus Quedenfeldt is transferred to the Eupariini. A key to genera in both the Stereomerini and the Rhyparini is presented, important characters are illustrated, a cladogram is given, and convergence is discussed.

Teratosphaeria pseudoeucalypti, new cryptic species responsible for leaf blight of Eucalyptus in subtropical and tropical Australia

Sub-tropical and tropical plantations of Eucalyptus grandis hybrids in eastern Australia have been severely affected by anamorphs of Teratosphaeria (formerly Kirramyces) causing a serious leaf blight disease. Initially the causal organism in Queensland, Australia, was identified as Teratosphaeria eucalypti, a known leaf parasite of endemic Eucalyptus spp. However, some inconsistencies in symptoms, damage and host range suggested that the pathogen in Queensland may be a new species. Isolates of T. eucalypti from throughout its known endemic range, including Queensland and New Zealand, where it is an exotic pathogen, were compared using multiple gene phylogenies. Phylogenetic studies revealed that the species responsible for leaf blight in Queensland represents a new taxon, described here as Teratosphaeria pseudoeucalypti. While the DNA sequence of T. pseudoeucalypti was more similar to T. eucalypti, the symptoms and cultural characteristics resembled that of T. destructans. The impact of this disease in central Queensland has increased annually and is the major threat to the eucalypt plantation industry in the region.

The minute, fungus-feeding species of Sophiothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae) from Australia and New Zealand

Five new species of Sophiothrips are described from mainland Australia, of which one is widespread in the eastern part of the continent, with a second widespread across the northern tropical zone. These species appear to be members of the breviceps species-group from the Old World tropics. One of these five is particularly unusual within the genus in that the maxillary stylets are retracted into the head anterior to the postoccipital ridge. A sixth new species is described from Australia that is known only from Norfolk Island, but this is closely related to two species that are endemic to New Zealand. A key is provided to the nine species recognised.

Polyphasic characterization of four new plant pathogenic Phyllosticta species from China, Japan, and the United States

The black rot disease of Vitis species and other host genera of Vitacease is caused by Phyllosticta ampelicida and allied taxa which is considered to be a species complex. In this paper, we introduce four new species of Phyllosticta, including two from the P. ampelicida complex, based on a polyphasic characterization including disease symptoms and host association, morphology, and molecular phylogeny. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and a combined multi-locus alignment of the ITS, actin (ACT), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1), and glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) gene regions. Our study confirms the phylogenetic distinctions of the four new species, as well as their phenotypic differences with known species in the genus.

Species of Lissothrips and Williamsiella from mosses and lichens in Australia and New Zealand (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae)

Species of Lissothrips and Williamsiella live in association with mosses and lichens. Their gut contents are commonly blue-green, suggesting that they possibly feed on blue-green algae. Three species of Lissothrips are known from New Zealand, of which two are here recorded from Australia together with six new species. Williamsiella is recorded from Australia for the first time, with one new species.

A new miniature species of the genus Triplophysa (Bahtoridae: Nemacheilinae) from Yunnan, China

During a re-examination of museum specimens of Triplophysa species, some specimens that had been collected from the Jialonghe River in Yunnan Province, China, in April 1975, were identified as a new species. Triplophysa parvus n. sp. can be distinguished

Metzia longinasus, a new cyprinid species (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from the Pearl River drainage in Guangxi Province, South China

Metzia longinasus, a new cultrine cyprinid species from the Hongshui-He River of the Pearl River drainage in Guangxi Province, southern China, is described here. It can be distinguished from all other congeners by having a combination of the following characters: a superior mouth, 43 or 44 lateral-line scales, a long head (length 27.2-30.8% of standard length), a long snout (length 31.7-37.0% of head length), 10 or 11 branched anal-fin rays, and no longitudinal black band extending along each side of body from the extremity of the gill opening to caudal-fin base.

Triplophysa lixianensis, a new nemacheiline loach species (Pisces : Balitoridae) from the upper Yangtze River drainage in Sichuan Province, South China

Triplophysa lixianensis, a new nemacheiline loach species, is described from the Min Jiang of the upper Yangtze River drainage in Sichuan Province, South China. It can be separated from all other species of Triplophysa by having a unique combination of the following characters: posterior chamber of gas bladder greatly reduced or absent; caudal peduncle columnar with a roughly round cross- section at its beginning; anterior edge of lower jaw completely exposed or uncovered by lower lip; intestine short, forming a zigzag loop below stomach; dorsal- fin origin closer to caudal- fin base than to snout tip; pelvic fin inserted anterior to dorsal- fin origin; snout length 50.6 - 57.5 % of head length; eye diameter 12.3 15.4 % of head length; caudal peduncle length 25.1 - 27.1 % of standard length; anal fin with five branched rays; lower lip greatly furrowed with two thick lateral lobes; and body smooth or scaleless.

Bibarba bibarba: A new genus and species of Cobitinae (Pisces : Cypriniformes : Cobitidae) from Guangxi Province (China)

A new genus of Cobitinae, Bibarba gen. n., and a new species, B. bibarba sp. n., were discovered and are described for the Chengjiang River, a tributary of the Hongshuihe River in Guangxi Province of southern China. This river region is characterized by a Karst landscape, and the river that is inhabited by the new genus is a slowly moving stream with arenaceous and cobblestone beds. The new genus resembles Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (subfamily Cobitinae) in the shape and pigmentation pattern of their body, the absence of scales on their head, and the presence of a suborbital spine, but differs from it by a single Lamina circularis on the third pectoral fin ray instead of on the base of the second pectoral fin ray; two pairs of barbels (one rostral pair and one maxillo-mandibular pair) instead of three pairs of barbels (one rostral pair, one maxillary pair, and one maxillo-mandibular pair); a relatively thick and short suborbital spine with a strong medio-lateral process instead of a suborbital spine without or with a weakly formed medio-lateral process as in Cobitis; and the lack of a black stripe extending from the occiput through the eye to the insertion of the rostral barbel. The first two characters have not been reported in any other genus of the subfamily Cobitinae. A morphometric character analysis based on PCA reveals differences between B. bibarba and C. sinensis in body size, barbel length, interorbital width, pectoral fin length in males, and the position of the dorsal and ventral fins. Type specimens of the new species are kept in the Freshwater Fishes Museum of the Institute of Hydrobiology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, Hubei Province. (c) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Acrossocheilus malacopterus, a new non-barred species of cyprinid from South China

Acrossocheilus malacopterus n. sp. is described from the Yuan Jiang (Red River) and Zhu Jiang basins in I South China. It is separated from other congeners by a combination of the following characters: an inconspicuously stripped body, 16 circumpeduncular scales, 47-49 lateral line scales, depth of caudal peduncle 7.8-9.3% SL, snout length 37.9-41.7% SL, dorsal-fin length 18.7-21.0% SL and last simple dorsal-fin ray slender with 8-10 fine serrations along posterior margin.

Sinibrama longianalis, a new cyprinid species (Pisces : Teleostei) from the upper Yangtze River basin in Guizhou, China

Sinibrama longianalis, a new cyprinid species from the Wu Jiang (upper Yangtze River basin) in Guizhou, China is distinguished from other congeners in having the following combination of characters: last simple dorsal-fin ray well-ossified; a snout shorter than eye diameter; eye diameter 27.1-31.6% HL; lateral line scales 56-64 (mean 59.5); circumpeduncular scales 18-21; anal fin with 24-28 (mean 25.2) branched rays, originating opposite to or slightly in advance of posterior end of dorsal-fin base, basal length 27.0-31.1% SL; pectoral fin reaching to or slightly beyond pelvic-fin insertion.