Dynamic load management in a smart home to participate in demand response events

In future power systems, in the smart grid and microgrids operation paradigms, consumers can be seen as an energy resource with decentralized and autonomous decisions in the energy management. It is expected that each consumer will manage not only the loads, but also small generation units, heating systems, storage systems, and electric vehicles. Each consumer can participate in different demand response events promoted by system operators or aggregation entities. This paper proposes an innovative method to manage the appliances on a house during a demand response event. The main contribution of this work is to include time constraints in resources management, and the context evaluation in order to ensure the required comfort levels. The dynamic resources management methodology allows a better resources’ management in a demand response event, mainly the ones of long duration, by changing the priorities of loads during the event. A case study with two scenarios is presented considering a demand response with 30 min duration, and another with 240 min (4 h). In both simulations, the demand response event proposes the power consumption reduction during the event. A total of 18 loads are used, including real and virtual ones, controlled by the presented house management system.

Tertiary evolution of the São Vicente and Setúbal submarine canyons, Southwest Portugal: insights from seismic stratigraphy

The Setúbal and São Vicente canyons are two major modern submarine canyons located in the southwest Iberian margin of Portugal. Although recognised as Pliocene to Quaternary features, their development during the Tertiary has not been fully understood up to date. A grid of 2D seismic data has been used to characterise the sedimentary deposits of the adjacent flanks to the submarine canyons. The relationship between the geological structure of the margin and the canyon's present location has been investigated. The interpretation of the main seismic units allowed the recognition of three generations of ravinements probably originated after middle Oligocene. Six units grouped in two distinctive seismic sequences have been identified and correlated with offshore stratigraphic data. Seismic Sequence 2 (SS2), the oldest, overlies Mesozoic and upper Eocene deformed units. Seismic Sequence I (SS1) is composed of four different seismic packages separated from SS2 by an erosional surface. The base of the studied sediment ridges is marked by an extensive erosional surface derived from a early/middle Oligocene relative sea-level fall. Deposition in the adjacent area to the actual canyons was reinitiated in late Oligocene in the form of transgressive and channel-fill deposits. A new depositional hiatus is recorded onshore during the Burdigalian, coincident with the unconformity separating SS1 and SS2. This can be correlated with the Arrábida unconformity and with the paroxysmal Burdigalian phase of the Betic domain. Presently, the Setúbal and São Vicente submarine canyons locally cut SS1 and SS2, forming distinctive channels from those recognised on the seismic data. On the upper shelf both dissect highly deformed areas subject to important erosion.

Multidimensional scaling visualization of earthquake phenomena

Earthquakes are associated with negative events, such as large number of casualties, destruction of buildings and infrastructures, or emergence of tsunamis. In this paper, we apply the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis to earthquake data. MDS is a set of techniques that produce spatial or geometric representations of complex objects, such that, objects perceived to be similar/distinct in some sense are placed nearby/distant on the MDS maps. The interpretation of the charts is based on the resulting clusters since MDS produces a different locus for each similarity measure. In this study, over three million seismic occurrences, covering the period from January 1, 1904 up to March 14, 2012 are analyzed. The events, characterized by their magnitude and spatiotemporal distributions, are divided into groups, either according to the Flinn–Engdahl seismic regions of Earth or using a rectangular grid based in latitude and longitude coordinates. Space-time and Space-frequency correlation indices are proposed to quantify the similarities among events. MDS has the advantage of avoiding sensitivity to the non-uniform spatial distribution of seismic data, resulting from poorly instrumented areas, and is well suited for accessing dynamics of complex systems. MDS maps are proven as an intuitive and useful visual representation of the complex relationships that are present among seismic events, which may not be perceived on traditional geographic maps. Therefore, MDS constitutes a valid alternative to classic visualization tools, for understanding the global behavior of earthquakes.

Reatores de fusão: confinamento magnético e confinamento inercial

Dissertação para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Eletrotécnica Ramo de Energia

Retificador trifásico controlado com fator de potência quase unitário

Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Eletrotécnica Ramo Automação e Eletrónica Industrial

Retificador monofásico com fator de potência quase unitário

Dissertação para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Eletrotécnica Ramo de Automação e Eletrónica Industrial

Análise e implementação digital de uma malha de captura de fase para sincronização de conversores à rede elétrica

Dissertação para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica Ramo de Automação e Eletrónica Industrial

Fly by data link: feasibility of a relative navigation solution for aviation relying on a future L-band data link

Trabalho final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Electrónica e Telecomunicações

Planning smart cities using wireless low energy monitoring systems

Thesis to obtain the Master Degree in Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering

Energy evaporation: the new concept of indoor systems for WPT and EH embedded into the floor

This work introduces a novel idea for wireless energy transfer, proposing for the first time the unit-cell of an indoor localization and RF harvesting system embedded into the floor. The unit-cell is composed by a 5.8 GHz patch antenna surrounded by a 13.56 MHz coil. The coil locates a device and activate the patch which, connected to a power grid, radiates to wirelessly charge the localized device. The HF and RF circuits co-existence and functionality are demonstrated in this paper, the novelty of which is also in the adoption of low cost and most of all ecofriendly materials, such as wood and cork, as substrates for electronics.

Multi-agent management system for electric vehicle charging

This paper proposes an implementation, based on a multi-agent system, of a management system for automated negotiation of electricity allocation for charging electric vehicles (EVs) and simulates its performance. The widespread existence of charging infrastructures capable of autonomous operation is recognised as a major driver towards the mass adoption of EVs by mobility consumers. Eventually, conflicting requirements from both power grid and EV owners require automated middleman aggregator agents to intermediate all operations, for example, bidding and negotiation, between these parts. Multi-agent systems are designed to provide distributed, modular, coordinated and collaborative management systems; therefore, they seem suitable to address the management of such complex charging infrastructures. Our solution consists in the implementation of virtual agents to be integrated into the management software of a charging infrastructure. We start by modelling the multi-agent architecture using a federated, hierarchical layers setup and as well as the agents' behaviours and interactions. Each of these layers comprises several components, for example, data bases, decision-making and auction mechanisms. The implementation of multi-agent platform and auctions rules, and of models for battery dynamics, is also addressed. Four scenarios were predefined to assess the management system performance under real usage conditions, considering different types of profiles for EVs owners', different infrastructure configurations and usage and different loads on the utility grid (where real data from the concession holder of the Portuguese electricity transmission grid is used). Simulations carried with the four scenarios validate the performance of the modelled system while complying with all the requirements. Although all of these have been performed for one charging station alone, a multi-agent design may in the future be used for the higher level problem of distributing energy among charging stations. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Optimal generation scheduling of wind-CSP systems in day-ahead electricity markets

This paper presents a coordination approach to maximize the total profit of wind power systems coordinated with concentrated solar power systems, having molten-salt thermal energy storage. Both systems are effectively handled by mixed-integer linear programming in the approach, allowing enhancement on the operational during non-insolation periods. Transmission grid constraints and technical operating constraints on both systems are modeled to enable a true management support for the integration of renewable energy sources in day-ahead electricity markets. A representative case study based on real systems is considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2015.

Simulation of offshore wind system with three-level converters: HVDC power transmission in cloud scope

This paper is on a simulation for offshore wind systems in deep water under cloud scope. The system is equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a full-power three-level converter, converting the electric energy at variable frequency in one at constant frequency. The control strategies for the three-level are based on proportional integral controllers. The electric energy is injected through a HVDC transmission submarine cable into the grid. The drive train is modeled by a three-mass model taking into account the resistant stiffness torque, structure and tower in the deep water due to the moving surface elevation. Conclusions are taken on the influence of the moving surface on the energy conversion. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2015.

Autoconsumo fotovoltaico, um elemento de eficiência energética. Caso de estudo: ISEP

Mestrado em Energias Sustentáveis

Gestão Inteligente de uma Habitação considerando o Controlo de Cargas, de Microgeração e Veículos Elétricos em Função do seu Perfil de Utilização

Os consumidores finais são vistos, no novo paradigma da operação das redes elétricas, como intervenientes ativos com capacidade para gerir os seus recursos energéticos, nomeadamente as cargas, as unidades de produção, os veículos elétricos e a participação em eventos de Demand Response. Tem sido evidente um aumento do consumo de energia, sendo que o setor residencial representa uma importante parte do consumo global dos países desenvolvidos. Para que a participação ativa dos consumidores seja possível, várias abordagens têm vindo a ser propostas, com ênfase nas Smart Grids e nas Microgrids. Diversos sistemas têm sido propostos e desenvolvidos com o intuito de tornar a operação dos sistemas elétricos mais flexível. Neste contexto, os sistemas de gestão de instalações domésticas apresentam-se como um elemento fulcral para a participação ativa dos consumidores na gestão energética, permitindo aos operadores de sistema coordenarem a produção mas também a procura. No entanto, é importante identificar as vantagens da implementação e uso de sistemas de gestão de energia elétrica para os consumidores finais. Nesta dissertação são propostas metodologias de apoio ao consumidor doméstico na gestão dos recursos energéticos existentes e a implementação das mesmas na plataforma de simulação de um sistema de gestão de energia desenvolvido para consumidores domésticos, o SCADA House Intelligent Management (SHIM). Para tal, foi desenvolvida uma interface que permite a simulação em laboratório do sistema de gestão desenvolvido. Adicionalmente, o SHIM foi incluído no simulador Multi-Agent Smart Grid Simulation Plataform (MASGriP) permitindo a simulação de cenários considerando diferentes agentes. Ao nível das metodologias desenvolvidas são propostos diferentes algoritmos de gestão dos recursos energéticos existentes numa habitação, considerando utilizadores com diferentes tipos de recursos (cargas; cargas e veículos elétricos; cargas, veículos elétricos e microgeração). Adicionalmente é proposto um método de gestão dinâmica das cargas para eventos de Demand Response de longa duração, considerando as características técnicas dos equipamentos. Nesta dissertação são apresentados cinco casos de estudos em que cada um deles tem diferentes cenários de simulação. Estes casos de estudos são importantes para verificar a viabilidade da implementação das metodologias propostas para o SHIM. Adicionalmente são apresentados na dissertação perfis reais dos vários recursos energéticos e de consumidores domésticos que são, posteriormente, utilizados para o desenvolvimento dos casos de estudo e aplicação das metodologias.