935 resultados para West Land of Poland
Resumo:
Vol 2 No 3; 8 February 1964. Land of the Sandman.
Resumo:
The Jakobshavns Effect may have been a significant factor in hastening the collapse of palaeo ice sheets with the advent of climatic warming after 18,000 years ago and may precipitate partial collapse of the present‐day Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets following CO2‐induced climatic warming in the decades ahead. The Jakobshavns Effect is observed today on Jakobshavns Glacier, which is located at 69°10′N on the west coast of Greenland. The Jakobshavns Effect is a group of positive feedback mechanisms which allow Jakobshavns Glacier to literally pull ice out of the Greenland Ice Sheet at a rate exceeding 7 km/a across a floating terminus 800 m thick and 6 km wide. The pulling power results from an imbalance of horizontal hydrostatic forces in ice and water columns at the grounding line of the floating terminus. Positive feedback mechanisms that sustain the rapid ice discharge rate are ubiquitous surface crevassing, high summer rates of surface melting, extending creep flow, progressive basal uncoupling, progressive lateral uncoupling, and rapid iceberg calving.
Resumo:
Sphagnum peatlands in the oceanic-continental transition zone of Poland are currently influenced by climatic and anthropogenic factors that lead to peat desiccation and susceptibility to fire. Little is known about the response of Sphagnum peatland testate amoebae (TA) to the combined effects of drought and fire. To understand the relationships between hydrology and fire dynamics, we used high-resolution multi-proxy palaeoecological data to reconstruct 2000 years of mire history in northern Poland. We employed a new approach for Polish peatlands – joint TA-based water table depth and charcoal-inferred fire activity reconstructions. In addition, the response of most abundant TA hydrological indicators to charcoal-inferred fire activity was assessed. The results show four hydrological stages of peatland development: moderately wet (from ∼35 BC to 800 AD), wet (from ∼800 to 1390 AD), dry (from ∼1390 to 1700 AD) and with an instable water table (from ∼1700 to 2012 AD). Fire activity has increased in the last millennium after constant human presence in the mire surroundings. Higher fire activity caused a rise in the water table, but later an abrupt drought appeared at the onset of the Little Ice Age. This dry phase is characterized by high ash contents and high charcoal-inferred fire activity. Fires preceded hydrological change and the response of TA to fire was indirect. Peatland drying and hydrological instability was connected with TA community changes from wet (dominance of Archerella flavum, Hyalosphenia papilio, Amphitrema wrightianum) to dry (dominance of Cryptodifflugia oviformis, Euglypha rotunda); however, no clear fire indicator species was found. Anthropogenic activities can increase peat fires and cause substantial hydrology changes. Our data suggest that increased human fire activity was one of the main factors that influenced peatland hydrology, though the mire response through hydrological changes towards drier conditions was delayed in relation to the surrounding vegetation changes.
Resumo:
Benthic foraminifer and delta13C data from Site 849, on the west flank of the East Pacific Rise (0°11 'N, 110°31'W; 3851 m), give relatively continuous records of deep Pacific Ocean stable isotope variations between 0 and 5 Ma. The mean sample spacing is 4 k.y. Most analyses are from Cibicides wuellerstorfi, but isotopic offsets relative to Uvigerina peregrina appear roughly constant. Because of its location west of the East Pacific Rise, Site 849 yields a suitable record of mean Pacific Ocean delta13C, which approximates a global oceanic signal. The ~100-k.y.-period climate cycle, which is prevalent in delta18O does not dominate the long-term delta13C record. For delta13C, variations in the ~400- and 41-k.y. periods are more important. Phase lags of delta13C relative to ice volume in the 41- and 23-k.y. bands are consistent with delta13C as a measure of organic biomass. A model-calculated exponential response time of 1-2 k.y. is appropriate for carbon stored in soils and shallow sediments responding to glacial-interglacial climate change. Oceanic delta13C leads ice volume slightly in the 100-k.y. band, and this suggests another process such as changes in continental weathering to modulate mean river delta13C at long periods. The delta13C record from Site 849 diverges from that of Site 677 in the Panama Basin mostly because of decay of 13C-depleted organic carbon in the relatively isolated Panama Basin. North Atlantic to Pacific delta13C differences calculated using published data from Sites 607 and 849 reveal variations in Pliocene deep water within the range of those of the late Quaternary. Maximum delta13C contrast between these sites, which presumably reflects maximum influx of high-delta13C northern source water into the deep North Atlantic Ocean, occurred between 1.3 and 2.1 Ma, well after the initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Export of high-delta13C North Atlantic Deep Water from the Atlantic to the circumpolar Antarctic, as recorded by published delta13C data from Subantarctic Site 704, appears unrelated to the North Atlantic-Pacific delta13C contrast. To account for this observation, we suggest that deep-water formation in the North Atlantic reflects northern source characteristics, whereas export of this water into the circumpolar Antarctic reflects Southern Hemisphere wind forcing. Neither process appears directly linked to ice-volume variations.
Resumo:
Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 563, located on the west flank of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, recovered a long Miocene section from which magnetostratigraphic and isotopic stratigraphy are available. Quantitative analyses of calcareous nannofossil assemblages have been performed in the Lower and Middle Miocene sediments from Site 563. The abundance patterns of the identified species allow us to determine several bioevents for this time interval. The recognized biohorizons, related to the available magnetostratigraphy, provide new data on the biostratigraphic value of many species and on the synchroneity of the events over a wide geographic area. Relations with the oxygen isotope stratigraphy are also reported. Sphenolith distribution is examined in particular detail due to their biostratigraphic importance in the Early Miocene. In particular the recently described species Sphenolithus procerus, Sphenolithus tintinnabulum and Sphenolithus multispinatus can be useful to subdivide the Lower Miocene zones NN2 and NN3. A large variety of Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus has been identified within zones NN6 and NN7.
Resumo:
DSDP Leg 82 drilled nine sites to the southwest of the Azores Islands on the west flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) in an attempt to determine the temporal and spatial evolution of the Azores "hot-spot" activity. The chemistry of the basalts recovered during Leg 82 is extremely varied: in Holes 558 and 561, both enriched (E-type: CeN/YbN = 1.5 to 2.7; Zr/Nb = 4.5 to 9.6) and depleted (or normal-N-type: CeN/YbN = 0.6 to 0.8; Zr/Nb > 20) mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) occur as intercalated lava flows. To the north of the Hayes Fracture Zone, there is little apparent systematic relationship between basalt chemistry and geographic position. However, to the south of the Hayes Fracture Zone, the chemical character of the basalts (N-type MORB) is more uniform. The coexistence of both E-type and N-type MORB in one hole may be explicable in terms of either complex melting/ fractionation processes during basalt genesis or chemically heterogeneous mantle sources. Significant variation in the ratios of strongly incompatible trace elements (e.g., La/Ta; Th/Ta) in the basalts of Holes 558 and 561 are not easily explicable by processes such as dynamic partial melting or open system crystal fractionation. Rather, the trace element data require that the basalts are ultimately derived from at least two chemically distinct mantle sources. The results from Leg 82 are equivocal in terms of the evolution of the Azores "hot spot," but would appear not to be compatible with a simple model of E-type MORB magmatism associated with upwelling mantle "blobs." Models that invoke a locally chemically heterogeneous mantle are best able to account for the small-scale variation in basalt chemistry.
Resumo:
En este trabajo se presenta el dispositivo metodológico de un estudio de casos múltiple realizado a productores agropecuarios familiares del Litoral Oeste de Uruguay. El estudio, de tipo etnográfico, integra los aportes de los enfoques biográficos y de la metodología Enfoque Global de la Explotación Agropecuaria (metodología EGEA). Se describe como fue diseñada la muestra teórica y la etapa de relevamiento de información para cada caso, que implicó visitas a dieciséis familias de productores agropecuarios ubicados en cuatro contextos territoriales diferentes. Esta línea de investigación tiene como referencia a Pierre Bourdieu, su teoría de la práctica y su sistema de conceptos fundamentales. A partir del análisis de los modelos de funcionamiento estratégico de los casos estudiados, se profundiza en los sistemas de reglas estratégicas comunes y específicas de acuerdo a trayectorias y ciclos familiares. Se presentan resultados preliminares del estudio realizado y algunas consideraciones metodológicas sobre la potencialidad y complementariedad de los enfoques utilizados
Resumo:
A las migraciones de intelectuales como consecuencia de la Guerra Civil española, iniciadas ya en 1936, se sumaron posteriormente las de universitarios que desarrollaron su tarea allende las fronteras. Entre ellos, Ignacio Soldevila Durante, valenciano, quien se instaló en la ciudad de Québec en 1956. Dos años antes había dirigido una carta al escritor Max Aub, del que con el tiempo se convertiría en amigo y en su mejor especialista. El epistolario Aub-Soldevila (1954-1972) pone sobre el tapete, entre otros datos, detalles biográficos y elementos relacionados con la obra del escritor y con aquellas decisivas décadas del pasado siglo; asimismo, enuncia rasgos definitorios de cuantos la guerra arrojó a las playas del éxodo.
Resumo:
Los pueblos de la actual provincia de Buenos Aires se fueron conformando mayormente de manera espontánea, a medida que se asentaba la población y se avanzaba sobre el espacio apropiado a los indígenas; en la mayoría de los casos al amparo de los fuertes o las capillas. Los ejidos de esos pueblos existían de hecho como tierras de pan llevar pero se trazaron formalmente recién durante el siglo XIX. A lo largo de este trabajo se analizará el modo en que se operó la construcción de un cuerpo jurídico para los ejidos bonaerenses poniendo especial interés en la influencia del derecho indiano
Resumo:
En el departamento Bermejo, provincia de Chaco, a fines del siglo XIX se origina uno de los ingenios azucareros más importantes del país: Las Palmas del Chaco Austral S.A. En la década de los noventa es víctima de las políticas de privatización imperantes del momento. Como consecuencia, se produce su cierre y posterior desaparición, lo que supuso la eliminación de la principal fuente de trabajo de la localidad. Las tendencias actuales y novedosas en teledetección, cartografía digital y Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) son una forma útil e importante de ofrecer conocimientos actualizados para el diagnóstico, monitoreo y su aplicación en la gestión e investigación de recursos presentes en los distintos lugares de nuestro país. En el presente trabajo se pretende analizar los cambios producidos en el uso de suelo en las tierras del ex Ingenio a partir del cierre del mismo, mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales de los años 1987 y 2001, y de sistemas de información geográfica (SIG). El análisis multiespectral y multitemporal de las mismas permitirá discriminar los tipos de cobertura del suelo sobre la base de su respuesta espectral.
Resumo:
En este trabajo se presenta el dispositivo metodológico de un estudio de casos múltiple realizado a productores agropecuarios familiares del Litoral Oeste de Uruguay. El estudio, de tipo etnográfico, integra los aportes de los enfoques biográficos y de la metodología Enfoque Global de la Explotación Agropecuaria (metodología EGEA). Se describe como fue diseñada la muestra teórica y la etapa de relevamiento de información para cada caso, que implicó visitas a dieciséis familias de productores agropecuarios ubicados en cuatro contextos territoriales diferentes. Esta línea de investigación tiene como referencia a Pierre Bourdieu, su teoría de la práctica y su sistema de conceptos fundamentales. A partir del análisis de los modelos de funcionamiento estratégico de los casos estudiados, se profundiza en los sistemas de reglas estratégicas comunes y específicas de acuerdo a trayectorias y ciclos familiares. Se presentan resultados preliminares del estudio realizado y algunas consideraciones metodológicas sobre la potencialidad y complementariedad de los enfoques utilizados
Resumo:
A las migraciones de intelectuales como consecuencia de la Guerra Civil española, iniciadas ya en 1936, se sumaron posteriormente las de universitarios que desarrollaron su tarea allende las fronteras. Entre ellos, Ignacio Soldevila Durante, valenciano, quien se instaló en la ciudad de Québec en 1956. Dos años antes había dirigido una carta al escritor Max Aub, del que con el tiempo se convertiría en amigo y en su mejor especialista. El epistolario Aub-Soldevila (1954-1972) pone sobre el tapete, entre otros datos, detalles biográficos y elementos relacionados con la obra del escritor y con aquellas decisivas décadas del pasado siglo; asimismo, enuncia rasgos definitorios de cuantos la guerra arrojó a las playas del éxodo.