Onchocerca gibsoni : the cause of worm nodules in Australian cattle.

Mode of access: Internet.

Chemical composition of manganese nodules and crusts collected from the Hakurei Maru Cruise GH74-5 in the Eastern Central Pacific Basin

Chemical composition of manganese nodules and crust collected from the Hakurei Maru Cruise GH74-5, September-October, 1974, in the Eastern Central Pacific Basin by the Geological Survey of Japan according to: Analyses and sample manganese deposits data from Cruise GH74-5 (private communication) (unpublished), Scripps Institution of Oceanography. http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg_mmbib/showref.jsp?mmbib=MIZUAA7702.

Investigation of manganese nodules from the Malvinas (Falkland) Plateau

Manganese nodules occurring within marine sediments of presumably Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene age from cores obtained by the Argentine oceanographic vessel ARA Islas Orcadas in 1977 on the Malvinas (Falkland) Plateau and neighbouring Scotia Sea were studied with the aim of comparing them with other fossil nodules found on the mainland of Argentina that were also ascribed to the marine environment. After optical mineralogical, chemical, X-ray and trace element analysis, the studied "nodules" proved to be actually wacke clasts cemented by manganese oxides with a high Fe/Mn ratio corresponding to a continental environment. The studied "nodules" thus differ from the Argentine mainland nodules and are supposed to have been transported from continental environments and then deposited in the marine realms. The wacke clasts became then nuclei for the deposition of the marine manganese oxides of the coatings. The proportion of trace elements, which is high, suggests the growth of the nodules in the marine environment.

Description of manganese nodules and crust collected from the Hakurei Maru Cruise GH74-5, September-October, 1974, in the Eastern Central Pacific Basin

The cores and dredges described in this report were taken on the GH74-5 Expedition in September-October, 1974 by the Geological Survey of Japan from the R/V Hakurei Maru. A total of 36 cores, dredges and submarine camera sites have been visited. The survey conducted an investigation of the manganese deposits in the Eastern Pacific Basin and the East of the Okinawa islands

THE ECONOMIC, AESTHETIC, AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION OF PROFESSIONAL VOCAL ENSEMBLES: TOWARD A THEORY OF THE PERFORMING ARTS

Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Tissue-specific gene expression in soybean (Glycine max) detected by cDNA microarray analysis

We have constructed cDNA microarrays for soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill), containing approximately 4,100 Unigene ESTs derived from axenic roots, to evaluate their application and utility for functional genomics of organ differentiation in legumes. We assessed microarray technology by conducting studies to evaluate the accuracy of microarray data and have found them to be both reliable and reproducible in repeat hybridisations. Several ESTs showed high levels (>50 fold) of differential expression in either root or shoot tissue of soybean. A small number of physiologically interesting, and differentially expressed sequences found by microarray analysis were verified by both quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis. There was a linear correlation (r(2) = 0.99, over 5 orders of magnitude) between microarray and quantitative real-time RT-PCR data. Microarray analysis of soybean has enormous potential not only for the discovery of new genes involved in tissue differentiation and function, but also to study the expression of previously characterised genes, gene networks and gene interactions in wild-type, mutant or transgenic; plants.

Acoustic Investigation of Vocal Quality following Treatment for Childhood Cerebellar Tumour

The aim of the study was firstly to document the acoustic parameters of voice using the Multidimensional Voice Program (MDVP, Kay Elemetrics) in a group of children with dysarthria subsequent to treatment for cerebellar tumour (CT). Then, secondly, compare the acoustic findings to perceptual voice characteristics as described by the GIRBAS (grade, instability, roughness, breathiness, asthenicity, strain). The assessments were performed on 29 voice samples; 9 cerebellar tumour participants with dysarthria, and 20 control participants. None of the control voices were rated as exhibiting any of the six parameters described by the GIRBAS, while 7 of the CT participants were noted to have at least a mild voice disorder. Roughness, instability, breathiness and asthenicity were all identified as voice characteristics in the CT voice samples. Acoustically, the CT voice samples differed significantly from the controls' voices on frequency and amplitude perturbation measures. Our findings confirmed voice dysfunction as a component of dysarthria in children treated for cerebellar tumour, and discussed the links between acoustic and perceptual descriptions. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Packing lambda-fold complete multipartite graphs with 4-cycles

A maximum packing of any lambda-fold complete multipartite graph (where there are lambda edges between any two vertices in different parts) with edge-disjoint 4- cycles is obtained and the size of each minimum leave is given. Moreover, when lambda =2, maximum 4-cycle packings are found for all possible leaves.

Habitat type and density influence vocal signal design in satin bowerbirds

This study provided a thorough test of the acoustic adaptation hypothesis using a within-species comparison of call structure involving a wide range of habitat types, an objective measure of habitat density and direct measures of habitat-related attenuation. The structure of the bower advertisement call of the satin bowerbird was measured in 16 populations from throughout the species' range and related to the habitat type and density at each site. Transmission of white noise, pure tones and different bowerbird dialects was measured in five of six habitat types inhabited by satin bowerbirds. Bowerbird advertisement call structure converged in similar habitats but diverged among different habitats; this pattern was apparent at both continent-wide and local geographical scales. Bowerbirds' call structures differed with changes in habitat density, consistent with the acoustic adaptation hypothesis. Lower frequencies and less frequency modulation were utilized in denser habitats such as rainforest and higher frequencies and more frequency modulation were used in the more open eucalypt-dominated habitats. The white noise and pure tone transmission measurements indicated that different habitats varied in their sound transmission properties in a manner consistent with the observed variation in satin bowerbird vocalizations. There was no effect of geographical proximity of recording locations, nor was there the predicted inverse relationship between frequency and body size. These findings indicate that the transmission qualities of different habitats have had a major influence on variation in vocal phenotypes in this species. In addition, previously published molecular data for this species suggest that there is no effect of genetic relatedness on call similarity among satin bowerbird populations.

Cyclic MrIA: A stable and potent cyclic conotoxin with a novel topological fold that targets the norepinephrine transporter

Conotoxins, disulfide-rich peptides from the venom of cone snails, have created much excitement over recent years due to their potency and specificity for ion channels and their therapeutic potential. One recently identified conotoxin, MrIA, a 13-residue member of the chi-conotoxin family, inhibits the human norepinephrine transporter (NET) and has potential applications in the treatment of pain. In the current study, we show that the, beta-hairpin structure of native MrIA is retained in a synthetic cyclic version, as is biological activity at the NET. Furthermore, the cyclic version has increased resistance to trypsin digestion relative to the native peptide, an intriguing result because the cleavage site for the trypsin is not close to the cyclization site. The use of peptides as drugs is generally hampered by susceptibility to proteolysis, and so, the increase in enzymatic stability against trypsin observed in the current study may be useful in improving the therapeutic potential of MrIA. Furthermore, the structure reported here for cyclic MrIA represents a new topology among a growing number of circular disulfide-rich peptides.

Irreducible 2-fold cycle systems

In this paper, it is shown that for any pair of integers (m, n) with 4 ≤ m ≤ n, if there exists an m-cycle system of order n, then there exists an irreducible 2-fold m-cycle system of order n, except when (m, n) = (5,5). A similar result has already been established for the case of 3-cycles. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Imitating the neighbours: vocal dialect matching in a mimic-model system

Vocal mimicry provides a unique system for investigating song learning and cultural evolution in birds. Male lyrebirds produce complex vocal displays that include extensive and accurate mimicry of many other bird species. We recorded and analysed the songs of the Albert's lyrebird (Menura alberti) and its most commonly imitated model species, the satin bowerbird (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus), at six sites in southeast Queensland, Australia. We show that each population of lyrebirds faithfully reproduces the song of the local population of bowerbirds. Within a population, lyrebirds show less variation in song structure than the available variation in the songs of the models. These results provide the first quantitative evidence for dialect matching in the songs of two species that have no direct ecological relationship.

The clinical implication of the vocal cords-carina distance in anaesthetized Chinese adults during orotracheal intubation

Background. Previous studies have identified no strong correlation between patients' height and tracheal length in anaesthetized patients. We have attempted to compare vocal cords-carina distance (VCD) in Chinese patients with the dimensions of five commonly used tracheal tubes. In addition, we attempted to find a surface anatomy measurement that would identify patients with 'short tracheas'. Methods. We measured VCD in 130 anaesthetized Chinese patients with a fibreoptic bronchoscope. Also measurements were obtained of the distal ends of five commonly used tracheal tubes. We undertook various surface anatomy measurements on the patients' chest and neck region to predict those patients with short tracheas. Results. VCD averaged 12.6 ((SD) 1.4) cm. In seven patients (5%) this distance was particularly short (between 8.8 and 10.4 cm). Many of the commonly used tracheal tubes would be placed close to or beyond the carina when the black intubation guide mark(s) is (are) at the level of the vocal cords. The VCD of