Deficiências minerais em vacas em lactação da bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará

Realizou-se um estudo das deficiências minerais em vacas em lactação de rebanhos leiteiros pertencentes a 13 propriedades da bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará. Foram determinados os níveis de fósforo (P) no osso, e os níveis de cobre (Cu), cobalto (Co), selênio (Se) e zinco (Zn) no fígado de 47 vacas leiteiras no 2^º terço da lactação. Estas amostras foram coletadas por meio de biópsias realizadas no terço superior da 12^a costela do lado direito e no bordo caudal do lobo caudado do fígado, respectivamente. Os rebanhos eram formados por animais mestiços (Holandes x Zebu), mantidos em sistema de produção extensivo em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu e recebiam suplementação mineral. A mistura mineral em 12 propriedades era do tipo comercial, dita "completa", acrescida de quantidades de NaCl acima do recomendado pelos fabricantes em dez propriedades. Em sete propriedades as misturas minerais eram fornecidas em cochos sem cobertura e em oito, o fornecimento da mistura mineral não era realizado diariamente. Em 11 propriedades, havia históricos clínicos condizentes com deficiências minerais nos rebanhos. Nessas fazendas a retenção de placenta e a osteofagia foram as alterações mais relatadas. Após as análises minerais observou-se deficiência de P em cinco propriedades, de Co em três propriedades, de Se em nove propriedades e de Zn em dez propriedades. Conclui-se que ocorre a deficiência de P, Co, Se e Zn; a suplementação mineral realizada na maioria das propriedades não atendeu as exigências diárias de P, Se e Co, baseadas no consumo estimado de 30 g de NaCl/animal/dia; os cochos pouco adequados ou inadequados para a suplementação, assim como o fornecimento inconstante das misturas minerais possivelmente contribuíram para a deficiência de um ou mais minerais.

Características qualitativas da carne de bubalinos submetida a diferentes períodos de maturação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genotype effect on carcass and meat quality of lambs finished in irrigated pastures in the semiarid Northeastern Brazil

The aim of this study was to compare four genetic groups of sheep on the carcass and meat quality traits. Thirty-three contemporary and unrelated male lambs, all of single birth were used in the experiment, being thirteen from the Santa Inês (SI) breed, seven from the Brazilian Somali breed (BS), six from the Morada Nova (MN) breed and seven from the ½ Dorper - ½ Morada Nova (F1) crossbreed. The genotypes SI, BS and F1 presented similar performances in relation to hot and cold carcass weights, which values were 10.76±0.53kg and 10.46±0.52kg for SI, 9.20±0.73kg and 8.99±0.71kg for BS, and 9.35±0.73kg and 9.13±0.71kg for F1, respectively. The BS had a better hot carcass yield (47.10±0.88%) and cold carcass yield (46.00±0.87%). Better carcass conformation was observed in SI and F1 (2.73±0.12 and 2.50±0.17, respectively) while the BS presented a better finishing (3.29±0.20). The average for the rib eye area (REA) was 9.94±0.49cm², 8.66±0.67cm², 7.18±0.72cm² and 9.8±0.67cm², and for the carcass compactness index (CCI) it was 0.17±0.01kg/cm, 0.17±0.01kg/cm, 0.11±0.01kg/cm and 0.16±0,01kg/cm, for SI, SB, MN and F1, respectively. There were no significant differences between SI, BS and F1 regarding REA and CCI. Although, in general, the MN presented a relatively lower performance than the other genotypes, this breed had similar carcass yields and fat thickness when compared to SI and F1 and similar conformation and REA in comparison to the BS. Regarding meat quality, no differences were observed between genotypes, except for redness and cooking losses. It is concluded that no one group had a higher or lower performance in all traits analyzed. Moreover, for the management conditions employed in this study, there was evidence of greater specialization in meat production for genotypes SI, BS and F1 when compared to MN, although there are no substantial differences between the four groups regarding meat quality.

Rendimentos de cortes, proporção tecidual da carcaça e composição centesimal da carne de caprinos jovens em função do grupo racial e do peso corporal de abate

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the commercial cuts, loin tissues and composition proportions in meant from five racial groups: Alpine, ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA), ½ Anglo Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA), ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA), ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine + ½ Anglo Nubian (Tricross), submitted to three slaughter weights (25, 30 and 35kg) in feedlot, using a complete diet. The crossing of Boer and Anglo Nubian with Alpine females only improved, in kids, the yield of cuts considered third category such as neck and rib. Slaughter body weights between 30 and 35kg should be preferred due to increase in the proportion of the loin, reduction in the proportion of the neck in Alpine and increase in the leg in Alpine and ¾ Boer, beyond the appropriate amounts of intermuscular fat and muscle.

Rendimentos de carcaça, cortes comerciais e não-componentes da carcaça de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com feno de erva-sal e concentrado

This work aimed to evaluate the carcass yields, commercial cuts and non-carcass components of Santa Inês lambs fed with 30, 40, 50 or 60% of oldman saltbush hay with concentrated. Were used 32 castrated lambs at 8 months old and initial body weight of 22 + 1.97kg, housed individually and slaughtered after 60 days of feedlot. The weights of hot and cold carcass decreased linearly with the inclusion of saltbush hay in the diet, however, there was no effect for true carcass yield and commercial cuts: shoulder (19.26%), neck (8.52%) ribs (26.57%) and leg (33.88%). There was a linear decrease for ribeye area and fat thickness when the level of hay in the diet increased. The weights and yields of skin, liver, heart, kidneys with perirenal fat, omental and mesenteric fats decreased linearly with the inclusion of hay in the diet, while the content (%) of gastrointestinal tract increased. The increased proportion of saltbush hay in the diet of lambs provided adequate true carcass yield and commercial cuts, however, reduces the ribeye area and fat thickness, important measurements in the qualitative evaluation of the lamb's carcass.

Resistência de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar ao Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Identificação e quantificação das proteínas miofibrilares, isoformas da cadeia pesada de miosina (MyHC) e o amaciamento da carne de bovinos Nelore (Bos indicus)

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Estudo genético quantitativo da qualidade da carcaça e da carne e suas associações com as características de avaliação visual na raça Nelore

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Sensores ópticos para quantificação de sulfeto de hidrogênio em matrizes gasosas por espectrometria de floorescênica do UV-visível e espectroscopia de absorção no infravermelho: João Flávio da Silveira Petruci. -

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

PT-symmetric coupler with chi((2)) nonlinearity

We introduce the notion of a PT-symmetric dimer with a chi((2)) nonlinearity. Similarly to the Kerr case, we argue that such a nonlinearity should be accessible in a pair of optical waveguides with quadratic nonlinearity and gain and loss, respectively. An interesting feature of the problem is that because of the two harmonics, there exist in general two distinct gain and loss parameters, different values of which are considered herein. We find a number of traits that appear to be absent in the more standard cubic case. For instance, bifurcations of nonlinear modes from the linear solutions occur in two different ways depending on whether the first-or the second-harmonic amplitude is vanishing in the underlying linear eigenvector. Moreover, a host of interesting bifurcation phenomena appear to occur, including saddle-center and pitchfork bifurcations which our parametric variations elucidate. The existence and stability analysis of the stationary solutions is corroborated by numerical time-evolution simulations exploring the evolution of the different configurations, when unstable.

Monitoring of hydrogen sulfide via substrate-integrated hollow waveguide mid-infrared sensors in real-time

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fatty acid profile, carcass and meat quality traits of young Nellore bulls fed crude glycerin replacing energy sources in the concentrate

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Otimização da análise da atividade da redutase do nitrato e sua caracterização em folhas de cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos da Fisioterapia Respiratória na Mecânica Respiratória de Pacientes com Acidente Vascular Encefálico Ventilados Mecanicamente

Patients who went through a Stroke may require mechanical ventilation (MV) in the acute phase of the disease and, on MV, they may show alterations in the respiratory mechanic. Physiotherapy techniques are applied in patients on MV to improve their respiratory mechanic. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Respiratory Physiotherapy into the dynamic compliance (Cdyn), static compliance (Cst) and airway resistance (Rwa) in Stroke patients on MV. In order to do that, patients with Stroke diagnostic on MV were evaluated, before and after the use of Physiotherapy techniques (manual rib-cage compression, thoracic decompression, zero end expiratory pressure and suctioning). Cdyn, Cst and Rwa were the researched variables. Statistical Analysis was made using Paired T-Test with statistical significance with p-values no greater than 5%. Eleven patients were part of the study, with an average of 64,6±12,5 years old. Cdyn increased after physiotherapy from 29,3±16,1 ml/cmH2O to 33,8±16,7 ml/cmH2O (p=0,03). Cst also increased from 44,4±20,7 ml/cmH2O to 54,0±26,6 ml/cmH2O (p=0,024). No significant difference was detected for Rwa between the before and after moments (Before – 8,0±3,2 cmH2O/l/s, After – 7,3±2,25 cmH2O/l/s; p=0,45). It was possible to conclude that both dynamic and static compliance increased after physiotherapy, but the airway resistance did not increase in patients with stroke on mechanical ventilation.

Características qualitativas e quantitativas do músculo Longissimus de bubalinos e bovinos terminados em confinamento

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV