The volumetric fraction of inorganic particles and the flexural strength of composites for posterior teeth

Objective. To evaluate the content of inorganic particles and the flexural strength of new condensable composites for posterior teeth in comparison to hybrid conventional composites.Method. The determination of the content of inorganic particles was performed by mass weighing of a polymerized composite before and after the elimination of the organic phase. The volumetric particle content was determined by a practical method based on Archimedes' principle, which calculates the volume of the composite and their particles by differential mass measured in the air and in water. The flexural. strength of three points was evaluated according to the norm ISO 4049:1988.Results. The results showed the following filter content: Alert, 67.26%; Z-100, 65.27%; Filtek P 60, 62.34%; Ariston pHc, 64.07%; Tetric Ceram, 57.22%; Definite, 54.42%; Solitaire, 47.76%. In the flexural strength test, the materials presented the following decreasing order of resistance: Filtek P 60 (170.02 MPa) > Z-100 (151.34 MPa) > Tetric Ceram (126.14 MPa) = Alert (124.89 MPa) > Ariston pHc (102.00 MPa) = Definite (93.63 MPa) > Solitaire (56.71 MPa).Conclusion. New condensable composites for posterior teeth present a concentration of inorganic particles similar to those of hybrid composites but do not necessarily present higher flexural strength. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. Alt rights reserved.

Effect of relining, water storage and cyclic loading on the flexural strength of a denture base acrylic resin

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of relining, water storage and cyclic loading on the ultimate flexural strength (FSU) and on the flexural strength at the proportional limit (FSPl) of a denture base acrylic resin (Lucitone 550-L).Methods: Rectangular bars of L were made (64 mm x 10 mm x 2 mm) and relined (1.3 mm) with four relining resins (Kooliner-K, Ufi Gel Hard-UGH, Tokuso Rebase Fast-TR and New Truliner-NT). In addition, specimens relined with L and intact L specimens were made (64 mm x 10 mm x 3.3 mm). A three-point flexural test was applied on the specimens (n = 10) after (1) polymerization; (2) water storage (30 days); (3) cyclic loading (10,000 cycles at 5 Hz) and (4) water storage (30 days) + cyclic loading. Data (MPa) were analyzed with three-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests (alpha = 0.05). To test for a possible correlation between FSU and FSPl, a linear regression coefficient 'r' was calculated.Results: After water storage, L-UGH and L-TR demonstrated an increased FSU (41.4950.64 MPa and 49.95-57.36 MPa, respectively) (P < 0.05). Only L-TR demonstrated an increased FSPl (20.58-24.21 MPa) after water storage (P < 0.05). L-L had the highest FSU (between 78.57 and 85.09 MPa) and FSPl (between 31.30 and 34.17 MPa) (P < 0.05). The cyclic loading decreased the FSU and FSPl of all materials (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed a strong linear correlation between the two variables (r = 0.941).Conclusions: Water storage improved the FSU of L-UGH and L-TR and the FSPl of L-TR. L-L produced the highest FSU and FSPl. The FSU and FSPl of all materials were detrimentally influenced by cyclic loading.

Shear bond strength of metal-ceramic repair systems

Statement of problem. When clinical fractures of the ceramic veneer on metal-ceramic prostheses can be repaired, the need for remake may be eliminated or postponed. Many different ceramic repair materials are available, and bond strength data are necessary for predicting the success of a given repair system.Purpose. This study evaluated the shear bond strength of different repair systems for metal-ceramic restorations applied on metal and porcelain.Material and methods. Fifty cylindrical specimens (9 X 3 mm) were fabricated in a nickel-chromium alloy (Vera Bond 11) and 50 in feldspathic porcelain (Noritakc). Metal (M) and porcelain (P) specimens were embedded in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ring and received I of the following bonding and resin composite repair systems (n=10): Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil AP-X (CL), Bistite II DC/Palfique (BT), Cojet Sand/Z100 (Q), Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus/Z100 (SB) (control group), or Cojet Sand plus Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus/Z100 (CJSB). The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37 degrees C, thermal cycled (1000 cycles at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C), and stored at 37 degrees C for 8 days. Shear bond tests between the metal or ceramic specimens and repair systems were performed in a mechanical testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Mean shear bond strength values (MPa) were submitted to 1-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference tests (alpha=.05). Each specimen was examined under a stereoscopic lens with X 30 magnification, and mode of failure was classified as adhesive, cohesive, or a combination.Results. on metal, the mean shear bond strength values for the groups were as follows: MCL, 18.40 +/- 2.88(b); MBT, 8.57 +/- 1.00(d); MCJ, 25.24 +/- 3.46(a); MSB, 16.26 +/- 3.09(bc); and MCJSB, 13.11 +/- 1.24(c). on porcelain, the mean shear bond strength values ofeach group were as follows: PCL, 16.91 +/- 2.22(b); PBT, 18.04 +/- 3.2(ab); PCJ, 19.54 +/- 3.77(ab); PSB, 21.05 +/- 3.22(a); and PCJSB, 16.18 +/- 1.71(b). Within each substrate, identical superscript letters denote no significant differences among groups.Conclusions. The bond strength for the metal substrate was significantly higher using the Q system. For porcelain, SB, Q, and BT systems showed the highest shear bond strength values, and only SB was significantly different compared to CL and CJSB (P <.05).

Influence of thermal and mechanical stresses on the strength of intact and relined denture bases

Statement of problem. Denture bases may become increasingly weaker as a result of thermal stress and flexural cyclic loading. Information regarding this potential problem and its relationship to the denture base reline is limited.Purpose. This study evaluated the influence of thermal and mechanical stresses on the strength of intact and relined denture bases.Material and methods. Twenty-eight microwave-polymerized (Acron MC) intact denture bases were prepared in the shape of a 3-mm-thick maxillary denture. Additionally, fifty-six 2-mm-thick denture bases were relined with 1 mm of autopolymerizing resin (Tokuyama Rebase Fast II or New Truliner) (n = 28). Intact and relined specimens were divided into 4 groups (n = 7) as follows: without stress (control); a mechanical stress at 0.8 Hz for 10,000 cycles; 5000 thermal cycles between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C; or a combination thermo-mechanical stress. The specimens were vertically loaded in compression with a rounded rod at 5 mm/min until failure, using a universal testing machine. Data on maximum fracture load (N), deflection at fracture (%), and fracture energy (N-mm) were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (alpha = .05).Results. The strength of the denture bases relined with New Truliner was not significantly affected by any of the experimental conditions, but comparing the control groups, New Truliner exhibited the lowest maximum fracture load values. The maximum fracture load of intact denture bases (P = .002) and those relined with Tokuyama Rebase Fast II (P = .01) showed a significant decrease after thermal stress. Additionally, cyclic loading significantly decreased the maximum fracture load (P < .001), deflection at fracture (P = .025), and fracture energy (P < .001) of intact denture bases and those relined with Tokuyama Rebase (P values of .002, .039, and .001, respectively).Conclusion. Thermal and mechanical stresses exert deleterious effects on the strength of intact and/or relined denture bases, which vary according to the relining material used.

Effect of microwave disinfection on the flexural strength of hard chairside reline resins

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of microwave disinfection (650 W/6 min) on the flexural strength of five hard chairside reline resins (Kooliner, Duraliner II, Tokuso Rebase Fast, Ufi Get Hard, New Truliner) and one denture base resin (Lucitone 550).Methods: Thirty-two specimens (3.1x10x64 mm) from each acrylic resin were produced and divided into four groups of eight specimens each. The flexural test was performed after polymerization (G1), after two cycles of microwave disinfection (G2), after 7 days storage in water at 37 degrees C (G3) and after seven cycles of microwave disinfection (G4). Specimens from group G4 were microwaved daily being stored in water at 37 degrees C between exposures. The specimens were placed in three-point bend fixture in a MTS machine and loaded until failure. The flexural values (MPa) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (p=0.05).Results: Two cycles of microwave disinfection promoted a significant increase in flexural strength for materials Kooliner and Lucitone 550. After seven cycles of microwave disinfection, materials Kooliner and New Truliner showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in flexural values. The flexural strength of the material Tokuso Rebase was not significantly affected by microwave irradiation. Seven cycles of microwave disinfection resulted in a significant decrease in the flexural strength of material Duraliner II. Material Ufi Get Hard was the only resin detrimentally affected by microwave disinfection after two and seven cycles.Conclusions: Microwave disinfection did not adversely affect the flexural strength of all tested materials with the exception of material Ufi Get Hard. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bonding strength between a hard chairside reline resin and a denture base material as influenced by surface treatment

Direct relining of dentures made with hard chairside reline resins is faster than laboratory-processed reline systems and the patient is not without the prosthesis for the time necessary to perform the laboratory procedures. However, a weak bond between the autopolymerizing acrylic reline resins and the denture base material has been observed. This study evaluated the effect of six different surface treatments on the bond strength between a hard chairside reline acrylic resin and ia heat-cured acrylic resin. Specimens of the heat-cured acrylic resin were divided into seven groups. one of these groups remained intact. In the other groups, a 10-mm square section was removed from the centre of each specimen. The bonding surfaces were then treated with (i) methyl methacrylate monomer, (ii) isobutyl methacrylate monomer, (iii) chloroform, (iv) acetone, (v) experimental adhesive and (vi) no surface treatment-control group. Kooliner acrylic resin was packed,into the square sections and polymerized. The bonding strength was evaluated by a three-point loading test. The results were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Tukey multiple range test at a 5% level of significance. No significant difference was found between the surface treatment with Lucitone 550 monomer or chloroform, but both were stronger than the majority of the other groups. The bond strength provided by all the surface treatments was lower than that of the intact heat-cured resin.

Adhesion strength characterization of PVDF/HA coating on cp Ti surface modified by laser beam irradiation

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

EFFECT of METAL PRIMERS on BOND STRENGTH of RESIN CEMENTS TO BASE METALS

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Peel bond strength of resilient liner modified by the addition of antimicrobial agents to denture base acrylic resin

In order to prolong the clinical longevity of resilient denture relining materials and reduce plaque accumulation, incorporation of antimicrobial agents into these materials has been proposed. However, this addition may affect their properties. Objective: This study evaluated the effect of the addition of antimicrobial agents into one soft liner (Soft Confort, Dencril) on its peel bond strength to one denture base (QC 20, Dentsply). Material and Methods: Acrylic specimens (n=9) were made (75x10x3 mm) and stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 48 h. The drug powder concentrations (nystatin 500,000U - G2; nystatin 1,000,000U - G3; miconazole 125 mg - G4; miconazole 250 mg - G5; ketoconazole 100 mg - G6; ketoconazole 200 mg - G7; chlorhexidine diacetate 5% - G8; and 10% chlorhexidine diacetate - G9) were blended with the soft liner powder before the addition of the soft liner liquid. A group (G1) without any drug incorporation was used as control. Specimens (n=9) (75x10x6 mm) were plasticized according to the manufacturers' instructions and stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 h. Relined specimens were then submitted to a 180-degree peel test at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min. Data (MPa) were analyzed by analysis of variance (alpha=0.05) and the failure modes were visually classified. Results: No significant difference was found among experimental groups (p=0.148). Cohesive failure located within the resilient material was predominantly observed in all tested groups. Conclusions: Peel bond strength between the denture base and the modified soft liner was not affected by the addition of antimicrobial agents.