Potential for application of corneal retinal potential measurements to detect alcohol and drug use: a report to Congress.

Mode of access: Internet.

An investigation of the amount and distribution of uranium in sulfide minerals in vein ore deposits : annual report for July 1, 1955 to March 31, 1956 /

"Contract AT(49-6)-991."

An investigation of the amount and distribution of uranium in base metal sulfide minerals in vein ore deposits : annual report for April 1, 1956 to April 30, 1957 /

"Contract AT(49-6)-991."

Hood's own: or, Laughter from year to year. Being former runnings of his comic vein, with an infusion of new blood for general circulation.

Mode of access: Internet.

Hood's own, or, laughter from year to year : being former runnings of his comic vein, with an infusion of new blood for general circulation /

Mode of access: Internet.

Reaction time to retinal stimulation, with special reference to the time lost in conduction through nerve centers,

Mode of access: Internet.

Hood's own, or, Laughter from year to year : being former runnings of his comic vein, with an effusion of new blood for general circulation.

Mode of access: Internet.

Pittsburg Vein Operators' Association, complainant, vs. the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad Company, and B.A. Worthington, receiver of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad Company, defendants. Memorandum respecting allocation of railroad expenses.

Before the Interstate Commerce Commission, no. 4116-1.

Elucidating the cis-regulatory landscape of retinal development and regeneration

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-04

Function and Regulation of Cytochrome P450 4V2 and the Implications in Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Cone visual pigments and retinal mosaics in the striped marlin

Three different cone photoreceptor visual pigments in the retina of striped marlin Tetrapturus audax were found with the aid of microspectrophotometry. This provides the first evidence for the basis of colour vision in the Istiophoridae. Furthermore, regional variations in photoreceptor density, type and spatial arrangement indicate differing visual capabilities along different visual axes. (C) 2003 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

Vascular endothelial growth factor-B and retinal vascular development in the mouse

Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is crucial to retinal vascular growth, both normal and pathological. VEGF-B, recently characterized, is reported to be expressed in retinal tissues, but the importance of VEGF-B to retinal vascular development remained unknown. The aim of this study was to analyse retinal vascular growth in the Vegfb (-/-) knockout mouse. Methods: Retinal vascular growth was measured in Vegfb (-/-) knockout mice raised under normal conditions, and Vegfb (-/-) knockout mice with an oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy. Wild type Vegfb (+/+) mice served as controls. Vessels were perfused with ink and retinal flatmounts secondarily labelled with FITC-lectin (BS-1, Griffonia simplicifolia ). Area and diameter of retinal growth and retinal vascular growth were recorded over days 0-20, and capillary density and mean diameter recorded from day 17 pups. Results: A variety of techniques confirmed that Vegfb (+/+) mice expressed VEGF-B and that VEGF-B expression was absent in Vegfb (-/-) mice. Vegfb (-/-) mice raised in room air showed no significant differences from Vegfb (+/+) controls. No differences were found in oxygen-induced retinopathy between Vegfb (-/-) and Vegfb (+/+) pups in either the extent of the initial oxygen-induced ablation, or in the regrowth of retinal vessels or vitreal (neovascular) sprouts; vitreal sprouts are important markers of the abnormal proliferative response, and are maximally expressed on day 17 in this model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. Conclusions: These results indicate that a lack of VEGF-B does not significantly affect development of the retinal vasculature under normal conditions, nor does it appear to affect the proliferative retinal responses seen in oxygen-induced retinopathy.

Retinal glutamate transporter activity persists under simulated ischemic conditions

Elevated extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter glutamate are neurotoxic and directly contribute to CNS damage as a result of ischemic pathologies. However, the main contributors to this uncontrolled rise in glutamate are still unconfirmed. It has been reported that the reversal of high-affinity glutamate transporters is a significant contributing factor. Conversely, it has also Peen observed that these transporters continue to take up glutamate, albeit at a reduced saturation concentration, under ischemic conditions. We sought to determine whether glutamate transporters continue to remove glutamate from the extracellular space under ischemic conditions by pharmacologically modulating the activity of high-affinity retinal glutamate transporters during simulated ischemia in vitro. Retinal glutamate transporter activity was significantly reduced under these ischemic conditions. The suppression of retinal glutamate transporter activity, with the protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine, significantly reduced ischemic glutamate uptake and enhanced retinal neurodegeneration. These findings imply a limited but protective role for retinal glutamate transporters under certain ischemic conditions, suggesting that pharmacological enhancement of high-affinity glutamate transporter activity may reduce tissue damage and loss of function resulting from toxic extracellular glutamate concentrations. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Retinal serotonin, eye growth and myopia development in chick

Myopia (short-sightedness) is a visual problem associated with excessive eye growth and vitreous chamber expansion. Within the eye serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) appears to have a variety of effects, it alters retinal amacrine cell processing, increases intraocular pressure, constricts ocular blood vessels, and is also mitogenic. This study sought to determine the role of the retinal serotonin system in eye growth regulation. Myopia was produced in 7-day-old chicks using -15 D spectacle lenses (LIM) and form deprivation (FDM). The effect on LIM and FDM of daily intravitreal injections of a combination of 5-HT receptor antagonists (1, 10, 50 mu M), 5-HT2 selective antagonist (Mianserin 0.5, 20 mu M) were assessed. Counts were performed of serotonin and tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons and the relative density used to account for areal changes due to eye growth. The effect of LIM and lens-induced hyperopia (LIH) on the numbers of 5-HT-containing amacrine cells in the retina were then determined. The combination of the 5-HT receptor antagonists inhibited LIM by approximately half (1 mu M RE: -7.12 +/- 1.0 D, AL: 0.38 +/- 0.06 mm vs. saline RE: -13.19 +/- 0.65 D, AL: 0.64 +/- 0.03 mm. RE: p < 0.01, AL: p < 0.01), whereas FDM was not affected (1 mu M RE: -8.88 +/- 1.10 D). These data suggest that serotonin has a stimulatory role in LIM, although high doses of serotonin were inhibitory (1 mu M RE: -9.30 +/- 1.34 D). 5-HT immunoreactivity was localised to a subset of amacrine cell bodies in the inner nuclear layer of the retina, and to two synaptic strata in the inner plexiform layer. LIM eyes had increased numbers of 5-HT-containing amacrine cells in the central retina (12.5%). Collectively, these results suggest that manipulations to the serotonin system can alter the eye growth process but the role of the transmitter system within this process remains unclear. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.