Lethal effect of high concentrations of Parecoxib and Flunixin meglumine on the in vitro culture of bovine embryos

Since cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors have been pointed out as potential treatments to increase pregnancy rates after embryo transfer, the present experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of flunixin meglumine (FM) and parecoxib (P), a COX-1 and 2 or COX-2 specific inhibitor, respectively, on the development of bovine embryos until the hatched blastocyst stage. In vitro produced bovine embryos were cultured in media with different concentrations of FM (0.14; 1.4; 14; 140 or 1400 mu g/ml) or P (0.09; 0.9; 9; 90 or 900 mu g/ml) and the production rates were evaluated. Concentrations of FM <= 14 mu g/ml and P <= 90 mu g/ml did not impair embryo development, although compiled data from non-lethal FM concentrations (<= 14 mu g/ml) indicated a toxic effect enough to decrease the hatching rate of blastocysts. Concentrations of FM at 140 and 1400 mu g/ml and P at 900 mu g/ml were lethal as no cleavage was detected on presumptive zygotes.

Assessment of a new infrared laser transillumination technology (808nm) for the detection of occlusal caries-an in vitro study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Conhecimento de cárie dental e doença periodontal de professores do ensino fundamental segundo o tipo de instituição (pública ou privada)

Aim: observe the knowledge of dental caries and periodontal disease of primary schoolteachers, according to type of institution (public and private) from Araraquara city. methodology: for that participants were 113 teachers from public schools and 57 from private schools. The instrument of analysis was based on a questionnaire with closed and open questions concerning the etiology, prevention and development of dental caries and periodontal disease. Results: 97,3% of public ́s schoolteachers and 91,2% of private ́s schoolteachers answered that they knows what is dental caries, but they didn ́t answer correctly about the caries etiology as being multifactorial and about methods of prevention. Both of schoolteachers (public and private) had more sucessful when answered about bacterial plaque than periodontal disease and yours manifestation. Conclusion: the dental knowledge of schoolteachers in public and private school was evaluated and limited educational programs should be directed to both public and private schoolteachers, in order to increase the level of dental knowledge of them, so that they can act as educational agents with the children.

Reliability of marginal microleakage assessment by visual and digital methods

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of visual and digital methods to assess marginal microleakage in vitro. Materials and Methods: Typical Class V preparations were made in bovine teeth and filled with composite resin. After dye penetration (0.5% basic fuchsin), teeth were sectioned and the 53 obtained fragments were assessed according to visual (stereomicroscope) and digital methods (Image Tool Software ® -ITS) (University of Texas Health Science Center-San Antonio Dental School, USA). Two calibrated examiners (A and B) evaluated dye penetration, by means of a stereomicroscope with ×20 magnification (scores), and by the ITS (millimeters). The intra- and inter-examiner agreement was estimated according to Kappa statistics (κ), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ρ). Results: In relation to the visual method, the intra-examiner agreement was almost perfect (κA = 0.87) and substantial (κB = 0.76), respectively to the examiner A and B. The inter-examiner agreement showed an almost perfect reliability (κ = 0.84). For the digital method, the intra-examiner agreement was almost perfect for both examiners and equal to ρ = 0.99, and so was the inter-examiner agreement value. Conclusion: Visual (stereomicroscope) and digital methods (ITS) showed high levels of intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility when marginal microleakage was assessed.

Free-running circadian rhythms of muscle strength, reaction time, and body temperature in totally blind people

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

High precision and selectivity for quantitation of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in five chicken tissues using solid phase extraction and ESI LC-MS/MS for application in monitoring residues

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Different bacterial models for in vitro induction of non-cavitated enamel caries-like lesions: microhardness and polarized light miscroscopy analyses

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Histopathological alterations in the prostates of Mongolian gerbils exposed to a high-fat diet and di-n-butyl phthalate individually or in combination

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Circadian and seasonal variation of the body temperature of sheep in a tropical environment.

Nychthemeral and annual rhythms of the rectal temperature were determined for Corriedale sheep in a tropical climate. The minimum rectal temperature averaged 39.55 degrees C at 0500 hours in summer, and 38.87 degrees C at 0600 hours in winter. The maximum was 40.03 degrees C in summer (1700 hours) and 39.33 degrees C in winter (1830 hours). Annual cycle of the rectal temperature showed a minimum in July and maximum in December.

Experimental and field record of preferred temperature in the neotropical amphisbaenid Amphisbaena mertensi stauch (reptilia, amphisbaenidae)

1. 1. Temperature preference in experimental thermal gradient in the laboratory was determined and field preferred temperature was recorded, for Amphisbaena mertensi. 2. 2. Mean preferred temperature in 52 experiments averaged 21.4°C which was close to those recorded in 16 specimens measured in the field (21.1°C). 3. 3. Selected temperature varied from 12 to 27°C in the laboratory, and data taken in the field ranged from 18 to 26°C. © 1984.

Proximal caries lesion detection in primary teeth: does this justify the association of diagnostic methods?

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate and compare the performance of visual exam with use of the Nyvad criteria (visual examination - (VE)), interproximal radiography (BW), laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent Pen-DDPen), and their association in the diagnosis of proximal lesions in primary teeth. For this purpose, 45 children (n = 59 surfaces) of both sexes, aged between 5 and 9 years were selected, who presented healthy primary molars or primary molars with signs suggestive of the presence of caries lesions. The surfaces were clinically evaluated and coded according to the Nyvad criteria and immediately afterwards with the DDPen. Radiographic exam was performed only on the surfaces coded with Nyvad scores 2, 3, 5, or 6. Active caries lesions and/or those with discontinuous surfaces were restored, considering the depth of lesion as reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under ROC curve were calculated for each technique and its associations. Visual exam with Nyvad criteria presented the highest specificity, accuracy, and area under ROC curve values. The DDPen presented the highest sensitivity values. Association with one or more methods resulted in an increase in specificity. The performance of visual, radiographic, and DDpen exams and their associations were good; however, the clinical examination with the Nyvad criteria was sufficient for the diagnosis of interproximal lesions in primary teeth.

Effect of Er:YAG laser on CaF2 formation and its anticariogenic action on human enamel: An in vitro study

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er: YAG laser on the formation of CaF2, after the application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), and its influence on the anti-cariogenic action in human dental enamel. Background Data: Er:YAG laser was designed to promote ablation of the enamel. However, the possibility of using this energy to increase the enamel's resistance to caries has hardly been explored, and neither has its interaction with the use of fluorides. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty blocks of enamel were allocated to four groups of 30 blocks each: (1) C, control group; (2) Er:YAG, laser; (3) APF; and (4) Er:YAG+APF. Of these, 80 blocks were submitted to pH cycling for 14 days. In the other 40 blocks, fluoride (CaF2) was measured before cycling. After pH cycling, surface microhardness (SMH), microhardness in cross-section (converted to mineral contents % vol. min.), and fluoride after cycling (40 blocks) were also determined. Results: SMH decreased in all groups. The control group showed the highest decrease, and Er:YAG+APF showed the lowest decrease (p < 0.05). Groups APF and Er:YAG showed the same results (p > 0.05). Mineral content at depths 10, 20, and 40 μm was lower in the control and Er:YAG groups, and higher in groups APF and Er:YAG+APF. CaF2 (μgF/cm2) deposited before pH cycling was higher in the APF group when compared to the Er:YAG+APF group. Control and Er:YAG groups showed the lowest values (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that Er:YAG laser influenced the deposition of CaF2 on the enamel and showed a superficial anti-cariogenic action, but not in depth.

Prevalência de cárie dentária em pré-escolares de escolas de educação infantil de Araçatuba, São Paulo

Epidemiological data on the conditions of oral health are essential for professionals in the health care plan, execute and evaluate dental programs. In Brazil, most oral health programs directs its resources to middle schools, leaving the preschool children in a secondary plan. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children from 4-6 years of age from schools of child education (EMEIs) of the city of Araçatuba-SP. The study was conducted on a sample of 275 children of both genders, representative of the population of preschool children in the city of Araçatuba-SP. In order to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries indices we used the dmft and DMFT indexes, according to the codes and standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).The average dmft of 1.88 was found, comprising 78% of decayed teeth, 21% of restaured teeth and 1% with indicated extraction teeth. Regarding the permanent dentition, the average DMFT was 0.08, consisting of 71% of decayed teeth, 29% restored and 0% of missing teeth. Based on results found, there was a high caries prevalence in deciduous and permanent teeth, demonstrating the need for more dental care to the group studied.

Avaliação comparativa entre as escolas municipais de ensino básico que receberam e as que não receberam o programa de promoção em saúde bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Net power optimization of an irreversible Otto cycle using ECOP and ecological function

This paper presents an analysis of an irreversible Otto cycle aiming to optimize the net power through ECOP and ecological function. The studied cycle operates between two thermal reservoirs of infinite thermal capacity, with internal irreversibilities derived from non-isentropic behavior of compression and expansion processes, irreversibilities from thermal resistance in heat exchangers and heat leakage from the high temperature reservoir to the low temperature reservoir. Analytical expressions are applied for the power outputs optimized by the ECOP, by the ecological function and by the maximum power criteria, in conjunction with a graphic analysis, in which some cycle operation parameters are analyzed for an increased comprehension of the effects of the irreversibilities in the optimized power.