Caractérisation de l'effet fibroprolifératif induit par la libération paracrine de peptides issus de l'apoptose endothéliale

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mécanismes d'inhibition de l'apoptose par la procaspase-2S : effet sur la formation des corps apoptotiques

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Effet de la 15-deoxy-[symbole¹², ¹⁴- prostaglandine J₂ sur l'expression de la Cyclooxygénase-2 dans les synoviocytes humains

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Caractérisation génétique d'un effet fondateur du sud-ouest du Québec : une nouvelle forme de dystrophie musculaire des ceintures

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Identification des mutations responsables de la NHSA2 et de l'AOA2 dans la population canadienne-française : deux nouveaux exemples de maladies à effet fondateur au Québec

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Régionalisation de l'effet fondateur au Québec

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mise au point d'une méthode de culture tissulaire pour l'évaluation de l'effet antiangiogène de quelques substances

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Implication des PPARgamma dans l'effet cardioprotecteur des endocannabinoïdes et du préconditionnement ischémique

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Effet aigu et chronique du tamoxifène sur la repolarisation cardiaque chez la souris

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Ataxie cérébelleuse avec mutations dans le gène senataxin : un nouvel effet fondateur canadien-français

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Effet d'un appareil d'avancement mandibulaire sur la genèse du bruxisme lors du sommeil

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mesure de cohérence stéréoscopique : effet du vieillissement et du microstrabisme

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Stress Inversion Using LiDAR Tunnel Deformation Measurements

Far-field stresses are those present in a volume of rock prior to excavations being created. Estimates of the orientation and magnitude of far-field stresses, often used in mine design, are generally obtained by single-point measurements of stress, or large-scale, regional trends. Point measurements can be a poor representation of far-field stresses as a result of excavation-induced stresses and geological structures. For these reasons, far-field stress estimates can be associated with high levels of uncertainty. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the practical feasibility, applications, and limitations of calibrating far-field stress estimates through tunnel deformation measurements captured using LiDAR imaging. A method that estimates the orientation and magnitude of excavation-induced principal stress changes through back-analysis of deformation measurements from LiDAR imaged tunnels was developed and tested using synthetic data. If excavation-induced stress change orientations and magnitudes can be accurately estimated, they can be used in the calibration of far-field stress input to numerical models. LiDAR point clouds have been proven to have a number of underground applications, thus it is desired to explore their use in numerical model calibration. The back-analysis method is founded on the superposition of stresses and requires a two-dimensional numerical model of the deforming tunnel. Principal stress changes of known orientation and magnitude are applied to the model to create calibration curves. Estimation can then be performed by minimizing squared differences between the measured tunnel and sets of calibration curve deformations. In addition to the back-analysis estimation method, a procedure consisting of previously existing techniques to measure tunnel deformation using LiDAR imaging was documented. Under ideal conditions, the back-analysis method estimated principal stress change orientations within ±5° and magnitudes within ±2 MPa. Results were comparable for four different tunnel profile shapes. Preliminary testing using plastic deformation, a rough tunnel profile, and profile occlusions suggests that the method can work under more realistic conditions. The results from this thesis set the groundwork for the continued development of a new, inexpensive, and efficient far-field stress estimate calibration method.

A new method for resolving uncertainty of energy requirements in large water breathers: the ‘mega-flume’ seagoing swim-tunnel respirometer

Body size is a key determinant of metabolic rate, but logistical constraints have led to a paucity of energetics measurements from large water-breathing animals. As a result, estimating energy requirements of large fish generally relies on extrapolation of metabolic rate from individuals of lower body mass using allometric relationships that are notoriously variable. Swim-tunnel respirometry is the ‘gold standard’ for measuring active metabolic rates in water-breathing animals, yet previous data are entirely derived from body masses <10 kg – at least one order of magnitude lower than the body masses of many top-order marine predators. Here, we describe the design and testing of a new method for measuring metabolic rates of large water-breathing animals: a c. 26 000 L seagoing ‘mega-flume’ swim-tunnel respirometer. We measured the swimming metabolic rate of a 2·1-m, 36-kg zebra shark Stegostoma fasciatum within this new mega-flume and compared the results to data we collected from other S. fasciatum (3·8–47·7 kg body mass) swimming in static respirometers and previously published measurements of active metabolic rate measurements from other shark species. The mega-flume performed well during initial tests, with intra- and interspecific comparisons suggesting accurate metabolic rate measurements can be obtained with this new tool. Inclusion of our data showed that the scaling exponent of active metabolic rate with mass for sharks ranging from 0·13 to 47·7 kg was 0·79; a similar value to previous estimates for resting metabolic rates in smaller fishes. We describe the operation and usefulness of this new method in the context of our current uncertainties surrounding energy requirements of large water-breathing animals. We also highlight the sensitivity of mass-extrapolated energetic estimates in large aquatic animals and discuss the consequences for predicting ecosystem impacts such as trophic cascades.

A new method for resolving uncertainty of energy requirements in large water breathers: the ‘mega-flume’ seagoing swim-tunnel respirometer

Body size is a key determinant of metabolic rate, but logistical constraints have led to a paucity of energetics measurements from large water-breathing animals. As a result, estimating energy requirements of large fish generally relies on extrapolation of metabolic rate from individuals of lower body mass using allometric relationships that are notoriously variable. Swim-tunnel respirometry is the ‘gold standard’ for measuring active metabolic rates in water-breathing animals, yet previous data are entirely derived from body masses <10 kg – at least one order of magnitude lower than the body masses of many top-order marine predators. Here, we describe the design and testing of a new method for measuring metabolic rates of large water-breathing animals: a c. 26 000 L seagoing ‘mega-flume’ swim-tunnel respirometer. We measured the swimming metabolic rate of a 2·1-m, 36-kg zebra shark Stegostoma fasciatum within this new mega-flume and compared the results to data we collected from other S. fasciatum (3·8–47·7 kg body mass) swimming in static respirometers and previously published measurements of active metabolic rate measurements from other shark species. The mega-flume performed well during initial tests, with intra- and interspecific comparisons suggesting accurate metabolic rate measurements can be obtained with this new tool. Inclusion of our data showed that the scaling exponent of active metabolic rate with mass for sharks ranging from 0·13 to 47·7 kg was 0·79; a similar value to previous estimates for resting metabolic rates in smaller fishes. We describe the operation and usefulness of this new method in the context of our current uncertainties surrounding energy requirements of large water-breathing animals. We also highlight the sensitivity of mass-extrapolated energetic estimates in large aquatic animals and discuss the consequences for predicting ecosystem impacts such as trophic cascades.