Anàlisi i projecte educatiu i cultural a Sant Aniol de Finestres

Aquest Treball de Pràcticum és un anàlisi del municipi de Sant Aniol de Finestres per conèixer quines són les potencialitats i necessitats i a posteriori presentar una proposta de projecte participatiu amb l’objectiu de dinamitzar el territori. L’anàlisi es realitza a partir d’un treball de camp i d’entrevistes realitzades a diferents habitants del municipi. Finalment, la proposta que es presenta és un espai de criança per infants del municipi menors de 3 anys. Aquest espai vol contribuir en la cohesió social del territori

Aménagement du lieu de vente : expertise des professionnels du marketing du sport et connaissance du comportement du consommateur

Cet article traite de la façon dont les professionnels du marketing des articles de sport procèdent pour optimiser l'influence du lieu de vente sur les comportements d'achat. Leurs expertises reposent sur une combinaison de données et d'expériences qui peut être rapprochée des démarches sociologiques. Leurs analyses des situations d'achat nous permettent de comprendre comment ils peuvent agir sur les comportements à travers les points de vente, en tentant de guider la perception des produits par le consommateur. Elles nous aident plus globalement à mieux appréhender les décisions des consommateurs. Abstract This paper focuses on how marketers of sporting goods proceed to optimize the influence of the store on purchasing behaviour. Their expertise is based on a combination of data and experiences that parallels the sociological methods. Their analysis of purchasing situations aloud to understand how they can influence behaviours through retailing places, while trying to guide consumers' perception of the products. More broadly, they contribute to a better understanding of consumer's decisions. Keywords: sports, retail, store, marketing, sociology.

The positive effects of a protean career attitude for self-initiated expatriates: Cultural adjustment as a mediator

Purpose - The authors sought to explain why and how protean career attitude might influence self-initiated expatriates' (SIEs) experiences positively. A mediation model of cultural adjustment was proposed and empirically evaluated. Design/methodology/approach - Data from 132 SIEs in Germany containing measures of protean career attitude, cultural adjustment, career satisfaction, life satisfaction, and intention to stay in the host country were analysed using path analysis with a bootstrap method. Findings - Empirical results provide support for the authors' proposed model: the positive relations between protean career attitude and the three expatriation outcomes (career satisfaction, life satisfaction and intention to stay in the host country) were mediated by positive cross-cultural adjustment of SIEs. Research limitations/implications - All data were cross-sectional from a single source. The sample size was small and included a large portion of Chinese participants. The study should be replicated with samples in other destination countries, and longitudinal research is suggested. Practical implications - By fostering both a protean career attitude in skilled SIE employees and their cultural adjustment, corporations and receiving countries could be able to retain this international workforce better in times of talent shortage. Originality/value - This study contributes to the scarce research on the conceptual relatedness of protean career attitude and SIEs, as well as to acknowledging the cultural diversity of the SIE population.

Validation transculturelle de l'Oswestry disability index en français [Cross-cultural validation of the Oswestry disability index in French]

AIM: The aim of this study was to interpret and validate a French version of the Oswestry disability index (ODI), using a cross-cultural validation method. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was assessed in order to ensure the psychometric characteristics. METHOD: The cross-cultural validation was carried out according to Beaton's methodology. The study was conducted with 41 patients suffering from low back pain. The correlation between the ODI and the Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), the medical outcome survey short form-36 (MOS SF-36) and a pain visual analogical scale (VAS) was assessed. RESULTS: The validity of the Oswestry questionnaire was studied using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient calculation: 0.87 (n=36). The significant correlation between the ODI and RMDQ was 0.8 (P<0.001, n=41) and 0.71 (P<0.001, n=36) for the pain VAS. The correlation between the ODI and certain subscales (physical functioning 0.7 (P<0.001, n=41), physical role 0.49 et bodily pain 0.73 (P<0.001, n=41)) of the MOS SF-36 were equally significant. The reproducibility of the ODI was calculated using the Wilcoxon matched pairs test: there was no significant difference for eight out of ten sections or for the final score. CONCLUSION: This French translation of the ODI should be considered as valid and reliable. It should be used for any future clinical studies carried out using French language patients. Complimentary studies must be completed in order to assess its sensitivity to change in the event of any modifications in the patients functional capacity.

On optimal learning schedules and the marginal value of cumulative cultural evolution.

The age-dependent choice between expressing individual learning (IL) or social learning (SL) affects cumulative cultural evolution. A learning schedule in which SL precedes IL is supportive of cumulative culture because the amount of nongenetically encoded adaptive information acquired by previous generations can be absorbed by an individual and augmented. Devoting time and energy to learning, however, reduces the resources available for other life-history components. Learning schedules and life history thus coevolve. Here, we analyze a model where individuals may have up to three distinct life stages: "infants" using IL or oblique SL, "juveniles" implementing IL or horizontal SL, and adults obtaining material resources with learned information. We study the dynamic allocation of IL and SL within life stages and how this coevolves with the length of the learning stages. Although no learning may be evolutionary stable, we find conditions where cumulative cultural evolution can be selected for. In that case, the evolutionary stable learning schedule causes individuals to use oblique SL during infancy and a mixture between IL and horizontal SL when juvenile. We also find that the selected pattern of oblique SL increases the amount of information in the population, but horizontal SL does not do so.

Real-life versus package insert: a post-marketing study on adverse-event rates of the virosomal hepatitis A vaccine Epaxal® in healthy travellers.

There are various methods to collect adverse events (AEs) in clinical trials. The methods how AEs are collected in vaccine trials is of special interest: solicited reporting can lead to over-reporting events that have little or no biological relationship to the vaccine. We assessed the rate of AEs listed in the package insert for the virosomal hepatitis A vaccine Epaxal(®), comparing data collected by solicited or unsolicited self-reporting. In an open, multi-centre post-marketing study, 2675 healthy travellers received single doses of vaccine administered intramuscularly. AEs were recorded based on solicited and unsolicited questioning during a four-day period after vaccination. A total of 2541 questionnaires could be evaluated (95.0% return rate). Solicited self-reporting resulted in significantly higher (p<0.0001) rates of subjects with AEs than unsolicited reporting, both at baseline (18.9% solicited versus 2.1% unsolicited systemic AEs) and following immunization (29.6% versus 19.3% local AEs; 33.8% versus 18.2% systemic AEs). This could indicate that actual reporting rates of AEs with Epaxal(®) may be substantially lower than described in the package insert. The distribution of AEs differed significantly between the applied methods of collecting AEs. The most common AEs listed in the package insert were reported almost exclusively with solicited questioning. The reporting of local AEs was more likely than that of systemic AEs to be influenced by subjects' sex, age and study centre. Women reported higher rates of AEs than men. The results highlight the need for detailing the methods how vaccine tolerability was reported and assessed.

Marketing verde e práticas socioambientais nas indústrias do Paraná

A preocupação das empresas com o meio ambiente e com todas as questões sociais envolvidas em seu processo tem se tornado uma constante nos últimos tempos. Devido a isso, estão surgindo novas formas de administrar os recursos disponíveis. Nesse contexto, enquadra-se o marketing verde que deve estar pautado em práticas ambientalmente corretas, com o intuito de gerar produtos e serviços mais sustentáveis, fortalecendo a imagem das empresas e diferenciando suas marcas no mercado. O intuito neste trabalho foi verificar se as grandes indústrias do Paraná estão se utilizando das práticas de marketing verde e se mantêm projetos de gestão socioambiental. Para atender a tais objetivos, elaborou-se uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa com 48 grandes empresas cadastradas na Federação das Indústrias do Paraná. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a maior parte das empresas possui departamento de marketing formalizado, mantém sistemas de gestão ambiental e utiliza moderadamente práticas de marketing verde.

Marketing de lugar: estado da arte e perspectivas futuras

O objetivo neste trabalho é contribuir com o repensar da natureza e do significado do marketing de lugar presente na literatura, descrevendo as três principais perspectivas influentes em seu desenvolvimento – promoção, planejamento e branding – e apresentar uma análise crítica de seu processo de evolução. No intuito de orientar o entendimento, evitar interpretações individuais e propor uma linguagem comum, a análise compreende a convergência das perspectivas em um conceito caracterizado como uma importante ferramenta de gerenciamento das trocas que ocorrem em âmbito territorial visando ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico da localidade. Como contribuição, sugere-se uma estruturação para investigações futuras identificando lacunas entre a teoria do marketing de lugar e a forma como é compreendido, assim como as dificuldades significativas para sua implementação.

The Swiss Willensnation at Risk: Teachers in the Cultural Gap during the First World War

As a neutral and multilingual country, Switzerland struggled with major domestic political conflicts during the First World War due to the two cultures of the French-speaking and German-speaking parts of the country. The divided cultural loyalties ('fossé moral', 'Röstigraben'), consisting of Swiss-Germans supporting Germany and Swiss-French supporting France, were discussed intensively in both of the main teachers' journals in Switzerland. Teachers felt the need to react and to promote unity from the beginning of the war. Despite the fact that the cantons are responsible for public education and, therefore, for the education of their students, teachers considered themselves called to educate their students to be national citizens rather than to be members of a language group. This threefold citizenship - communal, cantonal and national - was not scrutinised, but national unity became crucial due to the critical political circumstances. How did teachers promote and constitute citizenship for themselves and for their students in a nation united by free will during the First World War, a time of severe internal political conflicts?

Diga-me onde andas, que te direi quem és: identidades culturais na comunidade brasileira da marca Johnnie Walker

RESUMOEm meio a um cenário em que o consumo determina identidades, a marca revela-se um importante signo social, por meio do qual as pessoas podem se expressar. Por outro lado, com os avanços tecnológicos, os ambientes virtuais têm contribuído para a reunião de pessoas diferentes em torno de interesses comuns, como ocorre nas comunidades virtuais de marcas. Assume-se a noção de identidade como uma posição caracterizada por um conjunto de significados que insere os indivíduos em um sistema cultural, no qual as marcas desempenham um papel central nas interações sociais nele ocorridas. Com isso em vista, na pesquisa aqui relatada teve-se por objetivo, a partir da comunidade virtual brasileira da marca Johnnie Walker, analisar como os signos marcários são utilizados nas interações dos consumidores, de modo a estabelecer as identidades dos seus participantes. Para isso, realizou-se uma netnografia da comunicação sob a perspectiva interpretativista. As interações publicadas nas comunidades foram coletadas como corpus da pesquisa e escrutinadas por meio de análise de discurso funcional. Os resultados apresentaram 16 identidades, que foram organizadas em três grupos identitários mais amplos, denominados Boêmios, Uncools e Carismáticos. Os achados contribuem para o conhecimento e a gestão de marketing ao proverem uma perspectiva diferente da tradicional acerca de como as pessoas se relacionam entre si e com as marcas.

Transforming personal experience and emotions through education to cultural diversity: an interplay between unicity and genericity

When subjects studied at school are close to societal discourses and to the students' social identities, when they have high emotional resonance, is it possible to enable the students to distance themselves from their emotions and personal experience, and to conceptualise them? Examining the relation between emotion and learning through the lens of socio-cultural psychology, the aim of our study was to shed light on "secondarisation" processes, that is, processes that transform personal experience and emotions into conceptualised forms of thinking. We analysed 85 video-recorded lessons in education for cultural diversity involving 12 teachers (of primary and secondary schools). Having identified episodes in which emotions were put into words or personal experience was reported, we analysed the use of pronouns (taken as indicators of secondarisation processes) and found a recurrent pattern: "the unicity-genericity routine". We illustrate the functioning of this routine with various excerpts taken from lessons in education for diversity taught in the classes of two teachers in primary school. The results show that the interplay between unicity and genericity works as a discursive resource for the development of secondarisation processes.