Comparação de dois métodos experimentais de estenose subglótica em modelo animal : infiltração de NaOH 23% e eletrocoagulação

Introdução: Estenose subglótica (ESG) é definida como o estreitamento da porção inferior da laringe. De etiologia congênita ou adquirida, ela é a segunda causa de estridor e a segunda causa de indicação de traqueostomia na criança. As dificuldades encontradas no manejo da estenose subglótica, principalmente na população pediátrica, justificam o desenvolvimento de modelos experimentais de fácil reprodutibilidade, poucas complicações e baixo custo. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar dois métodos de indução experimental de estenose subglótica.Material e métodos: No período de janeiro a dezembro de 2003, vinte cães foram selecionados de forma aleatória, e colocados por sorteio em dois grupos: Gp I (n=9) de eletrocoagulação e Gp II (n=11) de infiltração de NaOH 23 %. No Gp I foi realizada eletrocoagulação com auto-interrupção, aplicada em um ponto nos quatro quadrantes da cartilagem cricóide; no Gp II infiltração de 0,2 ml de NaOH 23 % na camada submucosa das porções anterior e posterior da cartilagem cricóide. A cada semana foi feita endoscopia e aferição do calibre da região subglótica por tubos endotraqueais, e nova aplicação de eletrocoagulação ou infiltração NaOH 23 % realizada quando não havia evidência de estenose subglótica. Os animais foram sacrificados após 21 dias da aplicação; aqueles que apresentaram sofrimento respiratório foram sacrificados antes. Resultados : Um animal do Gp I morreu 14 dias após a aplicação, durante o transporte; dois animais do Gp II morreram: um por fístula traqueoesofágica após 7 dias, e outro de causa indeterminada após 5 dias. Estenose subglótica significativa (acima de 51% de obstrução) foi observada em 67% dos animais do Gp I e 64% do Gp II (p=0,99). A mediana de tempo para o surgimento de estenose significativa foi de 21 dias em ambos os grupos, necessitando em média de 2 a 3 aplicações. O tempo necessário para a realização dos procedimentos foi significativamente menor (p<0,01) no Gp I (média 6,36 minutos) do que no Gp II (média de 14,88 minutos). Conclusão : Os dois modelos experimentais de estenose subglótica estudados em cães demonstraram ser efetivos no desenvolvimento de estenose subglótica significativa: ambos métodos estudados ocasionaram estenose no mesmo período de tempo e com mesmo número de aplicações. Entretanto, a eletrocoagulação foi o método de mais rápida execução.

O estudo histológico do osso temporal do ovino : uma contribuição para a caracterização da ovelha como modelo animal para tratamento e investigação experimental em otologia

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Brasil tenta mudar a arcaica lei de migração

Apesar de ser um país composto pela mistura de raças, o Brasil não tem uma Lei de Migração. Desde agosto de 1980, a norma vigente é o Estatuto do Estrangeiro, que, conforme especialistas, está totalmente ultrapassado. Criado em meio à ditadura militar,o texto está bem mais voltado para a segurança nacional do que para os direitos daqueles que decidem morar no Brasil.

Density of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in domestic and wild animal shelters in an area of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

XIMENES, Maria de Fátima Freire de Melo; SOUZA, Maria de Fátima de; CASTELLON, Eloy Guilhermo. Density of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in domestic and wild animal shelters in an area of visceral Leishmaniasis in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, v.94, n.4, p.427-432, jul./ago. 1999. Disponivel em: Acesso em: 4 out. 2010.

Sistemas de gerenciamento de bibliotecas: riscos decorrentes do processo de migração de dados

This work aims to analyze risks related to information technology (IT) in procedures related to data migration. This is done considering ALEPH, Integrated Libray System (ILS) that migrated data to the Library Module present in the software called Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Atividades Acadêmicas (SIGAA) at the Zila Mamede Central Library at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal/Brazil. The methodological procedure used was of a qualitative exploratory research with the realization of case study at the referred library in order to better understand this phenomenon. Data collection was able once there was use of a semi-structured interview that was applied with (11) subjects that are employed at the library as well as in the Technology Superintendence at UFRN. In order to examine data Content analysis as well as thematic review process was performed. After data migration the results of the interview were then linked to both analysis units and their system register with category correspondence. The main risks detected were: data destruction; data loss; data bank communication failure; user response delay; data inconsistency and duplicity. These elements point out implication and generate disorders that affect external and internal system users and lead to stress, work duplicity and hassles. Thus, some measures were taken related to risk management such as adequate planning, central management support, and pilot test simulations. For the advantages it has reduced of: risk, occurrence of problems and possible unforeseen costs, and allows achieving organizational objectives, among other. It is inferred therefore that the risks present in data bank conversion in libraries exist and some are predictable, however, it is seen that librarians do not know or ignore and are not very worried in the identification risks in data bank conversion, their acknowledge would minimize or even extinguish them. Another important aspect to consider is the existence of few empirical research that deal specifically with this subject and thus presenting the new of new approaches in order to promote better understanding of the matter in the corporate environment of the information units

De volta para os braços da rainha dos céus: migração, memória e festa em Caicó/RN

The present work has as an objective to seize up some particular meanings of the Feast of Sant Ana (The saint which represents the city of Caicó/RN), a central event of the calendar festive-religious of that city, looking for to perceive on how it combines with the symbolic poles sacred: profane through the social bonds that are present there performed and expressed through the social networking and of local belongings. Such bond ties reveal themselves through a very especial manner, through the migration of returning to the feast, when collectively are produced and updated knowledge and codes that reinforce the representation of the local belonging, nominated as being caicoense . We seek on perceiving how the many events of this feast (from a perspective of a religious order as well as laic) acting on a conclusive way to an identity of the re-meaning of that city, especially in its relation with the migrant natives: the sons and daughters that return to the arms of Sant Ana

Purificação e caracterização parcial de uma Fucana C de Dictyota mentrualis e estudo do seu efeito antiinflamatório e nociceptivo

In recent years, sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae have emerged as an important class of natural biopolymers with potential application in human and veterinary health care, while taking advantage of the absence of potential risk of contamination by animal viruses. Among these, fucans isolated from the cell walls of marine brown alga have been study due to their anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. These biological effects of fucans have been found to depend on the degree of sulfation and molecular size of the polysaccharide chains. In the present study, we examined structural features of a fucan extracted from brown alga Dictyota menstrualis and its effect on the leukocyte migration to the peritoneum. The sulfated polysaccharides were extracted from the brown seaweed by proteolytic digestion, followed by sequential acetone precipitation producing 5 fractions. Gel lectrophoresis using 0.05 M 1,3-diaminopropane-acetate buffer, pH 9.0, stained with 0.1% toluidine blue, showed the presence of sulfated polysaccharides in all fractions. The chemical analyses demonstrated that all fractions are composed mainly of fucose, xylose, galactose, uronic acid, and sulfate. Electrophoresis in agarose gel in three different buffers demonstrated that the fraction 2.0v have only one population of fucan. This compound was purify by exclusion molecular. It has shown composition of fucose, xilose, sulfate and uronic acid in molar ration of 1.0: 1.7: 1.1: 0.5 respectively. The effect of this heterofucan on the leukocyte migration was observed 6h after zymozan (mg/g) administration into the peritoneum. The heterofucan showed higher antimigratory activity, it decrease the migration of leukocyte in 83.77% to peritoneum. The results suggest that this fucan is a new antimigratory compound with potential pharmacological appications

Caracterização físico-química e efeitos de frações polissacarídicas da alga amansia multifida na coagulação, inflamação, radicais livres e viabilidade celular

Galactans are polysaccharides sulfated present in the cell wall of red algae. Carrageenans are galactans well known in the food industry as gelling polysaccharides and for induce inflammatory process in rodents as animal model. The extraction of polysaccharides from A. multifida has been carried out by proteolysis and precipitation in different volumes of acetone, which produced three fractions (F1, F2, and FT). Chemical and physical analyses revealed that these fractions are sulfated galactan predominantly. Results of the antioxidant activity assays showed that all of these fractions have antioxidant activity and that was associated with sulfate content of the analysis of reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. However, these fractions were not effective against lipid peroxidation. The fraction FT presented higher activity on the APTT test at 200 μg (> 240 s). The assessment of the hemolytic activity showed that the FT fraction has the best activity, increasing lyses by the complement system to 42.3% (50 μg) (p< 0,001). The fraction FT showed the best yield, anticoagulant and hemolytic activity between the three fractions and therefore it was choose for the in vivo studies. The Inflammation assessment using the FT fraction (50 mg / kg MB) showed that the cellular migration and the IL-6 production increased 670.1% (p< 0,001) and 531.8% (p< 0,001), respectively. These results confirmed its use as an inflammation inducer in animal model. Cytotoxicity assay results showed that all fractions have toxic effects on 3T3 and HeLa cells after exposition of 48 hours, except when 100 μg for both F1 and FT were used. These results arise the discussion whether these polysaccharides it should be used as additive in foods, cosmetics and medicines.