Masking odour when regrouping rabbit does: Effect on aggression, stress and lesions.

Regrouping female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in group housing systems is a common management practice in Swiss rabbit breeding which may, however, induce agonistic interactions resulting in social stress and severe lesions. On farms using artificial insemination, does are usually kept singly for 12 days after parturition to avoid pseudopregnancy and fighting for nests. The integration of new group members usually occurs after this isolation phase. This study was conducted with 128 gravid does of the Hycole hybrid, housed in pens covering a floor area of 5.7 m2 that was bedded with straw and furnished with elevated areas, hiding places and eight compartments with nest boxes. In the experiment, the fur of 16 groups of 8 does each was sprayed with either alcohol or vinegar to mask the pre-existing group odours, or with water (control groups) shortly before regrouping. Lesion scores, stress parameters (body temperature and blood glucose level) and behaviour were assessed before and after the isolation phase. Effects of treatment and time on all collected parameters were analysed using mixed models. On the second day after regrouping 43% of the does showed new lesions. In the first five days after regrouping, new lesions occurred in 60% of the does; 32% had severe lesions. After regrouping, more agonistic interactions were observed and body temperature and blood glucose levels were higher than before regrouping (P<0.001 each). Body temperature increased less in groups treated with vinegar compared to the other two treatments on the first day after regrouping (P=0.017). In all other parameters no influence of the treatment with alcohol or vinegar was found. These findings suggest that masking the group odours with alcohol or vinegar had little effect on lesions, stress and agonistic interactions. Therefore, alternative management procedures need to be developed to reduce lesions and stress caused by aggressive behaviour.

Global 2009 1km MODIS (MOD35/MOD09) cloud frequency and MOD35 processing path

Identifying cloud interference in satellite-derived data is a critical step toward developing useful remotely sensed products. Most MODIS land products use a combination of the MODIS (MOD35) cloud mask and the 'internal' cloud mask of the surface reflectance product (MOD09) to mask clouds, but there has been little discussion of how these masks differ globally. We calculated global mean cloud frequency for both products, for 2009, and found that inflated proportions of observations were flagged as cloudy in the Collection 5 MOD35 product. These erroneously categorized areas were spatially and environmentally non-random and usually occurred over high-albedo land-cover types (such as grassland and savanna) in several regions around the world. Additionally, we found that spatial variability in the processing path applied in the Collection 5 MOD35 algorithm affects the likelihood of a cloudy observation by up to 20% in some areas. These factors result in abrupt transitions in recorded cloud frequency across landcover and processing-path boundaries impeding their use for fine-scale spatially contiguous modeling applications. We show that together, these artifacts have resulted in significantly decreased and spatially biased data availability for Collection 5 MOD35-derived composite MODIS land products such as land surface temperature (MOD11) and net primary productivity (MOD17). Finally, we compare our results to mean cloud frequency in the new Collection 6 MOD35 product, and find that landcover artifacts have been reduced but not eliminated. Collection 6 thus increases data availability for some regions and land cover types in MOD35-derived products but practitioners need to consider how the remaining artifacts might affect their analysis.

Foraminifera in sediment cores of the Lomonosov Ridge and Morris Jesup Rise

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning of sediment cores from the Lomonosov Ridge and the Morris Jesup Rise reveals a distinct pattern of Ca intensity peaks through Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1 to 7. Downcore of MIS 7, the Ca signal is more irregular and near the detection limit. Virtually all major peaks in Ca coincide with a high abundance of calcareous microfossils; this is particularly conspicuous in the cores from the central Arctic Ocean. However, the recorded Ca signal is generally caused by a combination of biogenic and detrital carbonate, and in areas influenced by input from the Canadian Arctic, detrital carbonates may effectively mask the foraminiferal carbonates. Despite this, there is a strong correlation between XRF-detected Ca content and foraminiferal abundance. We propose that in the Arctic Ocean north of Greenland a common palaeoceanographic mechanism is controlling Ca-rich ice-rafted debris (IRD) and foraminiferal abundance. Previous studies have shown that glacial periods are characterized by foraminfer-barren sediments. This implies that the Ca-rich IRD intervals with abundant foraminifera were most likely deposited during interglacial periods when glaciers left in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago were still active and delivered a large amount of icebergs. At the same time, conditions were favourable for planktic foraminifera, resulting in a strong covariance between these proxies. Therefore, we suggest that the XRF scanner's capability to efficiently map Ca concentrations in sediment cores makes it possible to systematically examine large numbers of cores from different regions to investigate the palaeoceanographic reasons for the calcareous microfossils' spatial and temporal variability.

What you need to know about cancer of the larynx.

"March 1995"--P. [4] of cover.

Grotte, labyrinthe, fontaines et bassins de Versailles.

This volume has been designated "sixième volume" in the Catalogue, for a collection known under the title of the repository, Cabinet du roi. The engravings were prepared between 1672 and 1689 by various engravers: Le Pautre, Le Clerc, Chauveau, Edelinck, Picart, Baudet, Silvestre, Simonneau and Chatillon. They were issued individually at the outset, collected, and in this instance issued in uniform format. The plates of the Labyrinthe, 15 x 8.5 cm., have been printed on 4 leaves of 9 and 1 leaf of 5.

The romances of Alexandre Dumas ...

Illustrated by Edmund H. Garnett, J. Wagrez, E. Grivaz and others.

The works of John Milton, in verse and prose, printed from the original editions with a life of the author

Poetical works, v. 1-2; Prose works, v. 3-8.

The ten pleasures of marriage and the second part The confession of the new married couple, attributed to Aphra Behn; reprinted with an introduction

With reproductions of original title-pages: (1) The ten pleasures of marriage, relating all the delights and contentments that are mask'd under the bands of matrimony. Written by A. Marsh, typogr. [Ornament] London, Printed in the year, 1682. (2) The confession of the new married couple, being the second part of the Ten pleasures of marriage. Relating the further delights and contentments that ly mask'd under the bands of wedlock. Written by A. Marsh. Typogr. [Ornament] London, Printed in the year 1683.

Social pictorial satire : reminiscences and appreciations of English illustrators of the past generation /

Mode of access: Internet.

The romances of Alexandre Dumas : illustrated with photogravures and engravings from paintings by Maurice Leloir [and others]

v.1-2. The Count of Monte Cristo.--v.3-4. The two Dianas.--v.5-6. The page of the Duke of Savoy.--v.7. Margaret de Valois.--v.8. Chicot the jester.--v.9. The forty-five guardsmen.--v.10. The three guardsmen.--v.11. Twenty years after.--v.12. The vicomte de Bragelonne.--v.13. Ten years later.--v.14. Louise de la Valliere.--v.15. The man in the iron mask.--v.16. The Chevalier d'Harmental.--v.17. The regent's daughter.--v.18. Joseph Balsamo.--v.19. The memoirs of a physician.--v.20. The queen's necklace.--v.21. Taking the Bastile.--v.22. The Countess de Charny.--v.23. The Chevalier de Maison Rouge.--v.24-25. The whites and the blues.

The Cap and gown.

Mode of access: Internet.

Milton's poetical works : together with the life of the author.

"Consisting of Paradise lost, Paradise regained, Mask of Comus, Samson Agonistes, and poems on several occasions."

The romance of history : France /

--Bertha ; or, The court of Charlemagne.--The last of the Breton kings.--The adventures of Eriland.--The man-wolf.--The king of the beggars.--The serf.--The pilgrim of Saint James.--The bondsman's feast.--The phantom fight.--The magic wand.--The rock of the fort.--The dream-girl.--The black mask ; or, the lottery of jewels.

The poetical works /

Bound in full contemporary light blue bookcloth with title in gilt on spine.