984 resultados para Joven


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Social representations are values and ideas shared and transmitted by a group of individuals. This article aims to investigate how researchers’ social representations can influence their analysis of an interview. Data were collected from 28 students participating in a course on interview analysis. Students were divided into three groups. Each group received the same excerpt of a transcript, but with different characterizations of the interviewee: for Group 1, it was a young man who had studied in a public school; for Group 2, the subject had attended a special education school for people with intellectual disabilities; for Group 3, he had studied at a private school. The three groups were asked to analyze the interview and submit a written document describing their analysis. The data revealed that the students carried out interpretive synthesis, descriptive synthesis, and thematic analysis. Interpretations of content data indicated that participants in Groups 1 and 3 attributed negative representations to the interviewee and/or to public or private school. In contrast, participants in Group 2, which was told that the interviewee had intellectual disabilities, attributed positive representations to the interviewee and to the special education school. The conclusion indicates the urgency for theoretical and practical training of young researchers regarding analysis of interviews so that the representations do not lead to biased results. The comparison of the results with an earlier similar study points to a probable change in representations of people with intellectual disabilities.

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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In this article, we tackle the issue of youth and drugs as something linked to biopower and biopolitics, both concepts developed by Michael Foucault. Youth and drugs are taken and analyzed in situations involving the management of crime linked to the risks and deviations from the law, abuse and dependence. The youth; irreverent, courageous, healthy, idealistic, and that wanted to change the world for the better as we have seen in the past, is now strongly related to violence, dangerous activities, moral and social risks, drug addiction, criminality, and others negative images. To deal with these young people, tolerance and small punishments of yore are not enough anymore. The young people emerge as a segment of the population subject to various actions and programs. The drugs now are seen as matters of security and public health. There is a shifting and repositioning in the discourse about the young - from minor, drugged, and criminal to lawbreaker, user and drug addict. The change is subtle, but represents a modulation in the devices of social control. Beyond the consent of the young to get rid of drugs, there is a search for the creation of a wide area of monitoring of their behavior through the activation of community protection networks. The belief that the young are more impressionable and vulnerable, and that action on the cause of the problem or risk reduction are the most efficient ways of management, taking responsibility away from personal and family sphere and transferring it to the State, contributes to the increasing control of young people nowadays.

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It is a fact that between the child and the adult there is an adolescent being that experiments his experiences in a different way than those others. Therefore, in clinical care, the use of toys and play do not have the same value as for the children, and, on the other hand, the majority of adolescents are not ready, as the adult is, for the exclusive use of speech in the psychotherapy context. There is the need to introduce some specific strategy in order to give the adolescent conditions to express himself openly in the psychotherapy process. The mediator's resource introduces this variable to enable the expression of emotions for those who cannot find the available channels for that. This paper seeks to answer this question by presenting the Time Tunnel Game in the psychotherapy with young people, based, during several years, on its clinical use with patients during this period of their lives. Explaining, when it is a question of a demand for a game, that the youngster tries to respect the rules, therefore, expressing his experiences more at ease. By using the mentioned game, it is not the psychotherapist that questions or addresses the youngster, but it is through this playing that the questions arise, providing the youngster a facilitating context for his experiences, even for the more difficult ones. At the direct request of the psychotherapist, it is possible that the adolescent may have the imposing idea that he is being evaluated, which is inadequate when attending any youngster. It is understood that this facilitation also occurs because in a game the atmosphere of lucidity is less threatening to the patient to reveal himself as playing. It is the game that "interviews" and, therefore, the youngster has less to be afraid of when expressing his experiences.

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In late 1950, the young Glauber Rocha, still without having directed any of his films, becomes the main cultural critic of the Jornal da Bahia in Salvador, Bahia. His film critic activity falls within the symbolic local disputes and his texts published become an active voice in the cultural field of Bahia. With a considerable apparatus of the press in his favor, the performance of the young critic Glauber Rocha allows to discuss: the role of public intellectual and media production and dissemination of ideas by the newspapers at the turn of the 1950s to the 1960s, a time of intense political, social and cultural changes in Brazil.

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[ES] La erupción submarina de 2011-12 en El Hierro se ha ajustado a las previsiones científicas basadas en el conocimiento detallado de la geología de El Hierro, en particular, y de Canarias, en general. Ha ocurrido en la isla más joven del archipiélago, en los flancos submarinos de su edificio insular y en uno de los rifts (el S), en el que se concentra la mayor parte de volcanismo reciente de la isla. El registro de la sismicidad y deformación del terreno llevado a cabo por el Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) permitió la detección temprana de la erupción volcánica y determinar su emplazamiento submarino. Sin embargo, la interpretación de estos datos por el Comité Científico Asesor (CECES), el carácter excluyente de su composición y ausencia de un buque oceanográfico en los primeros 10 días del inciio de la actividad, condujeron a la toma de medidas de Protección Civil contradictorias que generaron gran inquietud entre la población. Esta conferencia se plantea, previa explicación geológica de Canarias, El Hierro y la erupción de La restinga, como un foro donde debatir el análisis del seguimiento (ceintífico, mediático y administrativo) de esta erupción.

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VIII Congreso geológico de España, Oviedo, 17-19 julio 2012

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Los comportamientos suicidas en adolescentes constituyen un serio problema de salud en los países desarrollados. En éstos, el suicidio es la segunda causa de muerte en población joven, después de los accidentes de circulación. Por otro lado, todo un conjunto de factores constituyen serias dificultades en el manejo asistencial de estos adolescentes. En este artículo se revisan los aspectos clínicos más relevantes así como los factores de riesgo haciéndose un especial énfasis en los factores sociales. Finalmente, se realizan una serie de recomendaciones tanto en lo que atañe a la detección precoz de las conductas suicidas como en lo que se refiere a los aspectos institucionales.

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[ES] En España, llegar a unos procesos de autonomía adecuados con los chicos y chicas tutelados por las Administraciones autonómicas ha sido una tarea compleja. Primero, porque cuando la mayoría de los menores llegan a los centros ya traen acreditados graves pérdidas tiempo respecto a procesos socializadores como son los estudios (absentismo escolar, repeticiones de curso, fracaso escolar, etc) o los aprendizajes necesarios para la vida (educación familiar inadecuada, cambios continuos de roles por parte de sus adultos responsables, desestructuración familiar, malos tratos, etc.). A ello, se suma el hecho de que algunas instituciones de protección, en ocasiones, les crean pautas de de ependencia debido a una concepción inadecuada de los objetivos con los que ha de trabajar con el joven. Así pues, hasta hace relativamente poco tiempo, a los sistemas de protección españoles se les presentaba un problema bastante grave a la hora generar procesos de autonomía en sus jóvenes tutelados. Para ello, cada comunidad autónoma ha ido diseñado su propio programa de desinstitucionalización de forma que el joven se pueda ir acomodando a procesos normalizadores tanto en su vida laboral como en la personal y social. Estos programas, aunque diferentes entre sí, tienen elementos que los hacen afines y que propician que se puedan unificar en unos pocos modelos de intervención de los que se da cuenta en este artículo.

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[ES] La crisis económica en la que nos vemos inmersos, nos ha hecho que nos marquemos como objetivo del trabajo dar una visión de la vulnerabilidad dentro del marco de la educación social especializada y concretamente del campo de la inadaptación social del niño, joven, adulto y personas de tercera edad, como grupos vulnerables. Describimos las diferentes dimensiones de vulnerabilidad (trabajo, capital humano, debilitamiento de los recursos productivos, relaciones sociales, y relaciones familiares). Hablamos de los niveles formativos bajos de las personas que no finalizan la Educación Primaria, la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y la Formación Profesional como sujetos con alto nivel de vulnerabilidad. También nos centramos en los sujetos privados de libertad, diferenciando el Marco Penal de Justicia Juvenil del Marco Penal de Adultos y por último reflexionamos sobre la necesidad de salir reforzados de la crisis, tanto los profesionales como los grupos vulnerables de un modo resiliente.

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[ES] Este artículo pretende abordar las interrelaciones simbólicas existentes entre la vida y la muerte en la película Despedidas del director japonés Yojiro Takita. El protagonista de este filme es un joven que abandona su trabajo como violonchelista y se convierte en “nokanshi”, amortajador profesional. A través de su trabajo, este personaje descubre la muerte en todas sus facetas, lo que le permite comenzar una nueva etapa en su vida y al mismo tiempo encontrar en este oficio una forma de realización personal.