Assessment of autozygosity in Nellore cows (Bos indicus) through high-density SNP genotypes

The use of relatively low numbers of sires in cattle breeding programs, particularly on those for carcass and weight traits in Nellore beef cattle (Bos indicus) in Brazil, has always raised concerns about inbreeding, which affects conservation of genetic resources and sustainability of this breed. Here, we investigated the distribution of autozygosity levels based on runs of homozygosity (ROH) in a sample of 1,278 Nellore cows, genotyped for over 777,000 SNPs. We found ROH segments larger than 10 Mb in over 70% of the samples, representing signatures most likely related to the recent massive use of few sires. However, the average genome coverage by ROH (>1 Mb) was lower than previously reported for other cattle breeds (4.58%). In spite of 99.98% of the SNPs being included within a ROH in at least one individual, only 19.37% of the markers were encompassed by common ROH, suggesting that the ongoing selection for weight, carcass and reproductive traits in this population is too recent to have produced selection signatures in the form of ROH. Three short-range highly prevalent ROH autosomal hotspots (occurring in over 50% of the samples) were observed, indicating candidate regions most likely under selection since before the foundation of Brazilian Nellore cattle. The putative signatures of selection on chromosomes 4, 7, and 12 may be involved in resistance to infectious diseases and fertility, and should be subject of future investigation.

Advances and challenges in paracoccidioidomycosis serology caused by Paracoccidioides species complex: an update

Understanding the possible methodologies for the rapid and inexpensive identification of fungal infections is essential for disease diagnosis, but there are some limitations. To help with this problem, serological methods that detect antigens or antibodies are widely used and are useful for the diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) through the detection of gp43, which is the main antigen employed for the immunodiagnosis of this disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. However, the use of gp43 has become restricted because it was recently found that this marker is not identified in the infections caused by Paracoccidioides lutzii. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new antigens in both species or antigens specific for P. lutzii to decrease the morbidity and/or mortality associated with PCM. This review provides a discussion of new diagnostic challenges after the recent discoveries regarding the taxonomy of the Paracoccidioides genus.

Efficacy of essential oil of Piper aduncum against nymphs and adults of Diaphorina citri

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Behavior of Orius insidiosus preying on Aphis gossypii reared on transgenic and conventional cotton varieties

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antimicrobial activity of plants infusions on oral fusobacteria and their adherence to human erythrocytes

Periodontal disease is the result of the interrelationship between microbiotic aggression and the host’s organic defence. Amongst the microorganisms involved in periodontopathies, Fusobacterium nucleatum is conspicuous by establishing a link between the initial and final colonizers, besides producing toxic compounds and adhering to the host’s cells. Control of bacterial biofilm can be achieved by use of chemical agents, many of which extracted from plants. Thus the object of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity in vitro of some teas, generally taken in a normal diet, on Fusobacterium nucleatum and your adherence to host’s cells. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were established and haemagglutinative test in microplaques was effected. It was ascertained that all plant extracts have inhibitory activity and that infusions of Camellia sinensis (black tea and green tea), Mentha piperita (mint) and Pimpinella anixem (aniseed) added to the bacteria/erythrocyte compound reduced significantly the adherence of microorganisms.

Oportunidades de melhoria na gestão de resíduos em empresas distribuidoras de eletricidade: o caso da AES Eletropaulo

A gestão de resíduos em distribuidoras de eletricidade é bastante complexa, pois enquadram-se em vários tipos (valorizados ou não) e gerados em grande quantidade. Em 2009, a AES Eletropaulo gerou quase quatro mil toneladas de resíduos não perigosos, subdivididos em 30 tipos. Uma divisão por materiais, após desmontagem e separação dos diferentes materiais contidos nos fios, cabos, chaves, isoladores com ferragem e para-raios, subiria o valor da venda em R$ 600 mil. Isso geraria cerca de 214 toneladas de porcelana que, moídas, poderiam substituir as 210 toneladas de brita compradas anualmente pela concessionária para uso em subestações. Cerca de 160 toneladas de porcelanas intactas poderiam ser utilizadas na confecção de gabiões para contenção de encostas. Além disso, peças de ferro galvanizado poderiam ser decapadas e novamente galvanizadas para reaproveitamento.

Design versus artesanato: identidades e contrastes

There are at least three different visions about origins of design; the most diffused is the idea that design begins with the Industrial Revolution. Some see the design as heir of a special kind of crafts at Revolution’s eve, because it already have a former project and work division. Less diffused is the idea that there aren’t much significant differences between design and crafts, giving to design some millenniums of history. But, being the designer heir of this millenary tradition isn’t time to reconciliate it again with crafts? Shouldn’t we return to defend the rescue of concepts of project before the modernism?

Educação para a sexualidade: intervenção em um grupo de adolescentes assistidos pelo cras, a partir do conhecimento de suas representações sociais em relação às DST/Aids

The Socio-Historical Psychology Theory understands human development constituted by the social and historical relations, in whom the individual belongs, and understanding the meaning of adolescence as a time and built. The social psychology, in this theoretical approach, proposes, among others, the category Social Representations (SR) for analysis and discussion of psychosocial phenomena. This study aimed to investigate the SR of adolescents about sexually transmitted diseases (STD/SIDA), by means of a questionnaire in order to know their vulnerabilities to spread of STD/SIDA. After the identification of vulnerabilities, an intervention was performed through a group processes with adolescents 11 to 15 years, users of services CRAS of a city in São Paulo State, to provide subsidies in relation to education for sexuality. Based on data collected and discussed, it can be stated that among the multiple determinants of the increased incidence, as the Epidemiological Bulletin 2011/MS, the lack of safe sex practices contributes to the vulnerability of adolescents. Emphasizes the need to know their Social Representations proposing an intervention, not to reproduce the imposition of „packages awareness of safe sex practices,” homogeneous and universal, it does little to promote health and education of adolescents.

Finismundo a última viagem e o périplo haroldiano

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Considerações sobre planejamento de eclusagens na hidrovia Tietê-Paraná

Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

Qvae svnt caesaris caesari: uma proposta de leitura dos Commentarii de Bello Gallico

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR