Carcinoma espinocelular de conjuntiva com evolução para exenteração: relato de caso

Portador de carcinoma espinocelular da conjuntiva teve a lesão removida, com recorrência em outra localização. O paciente recebeu ciclos de 5-Fluoruracila como tratamento adjuvante à remoção cirúrgica, apresentando evolução desfavorável que chegou à exenteração orbitária. São feitos comentários quanto ao uso de antimitóticos no tratamento destas lesões.

Microrganismos patogênicos, celularidade e resíduos de antimicrobianos no leite bovino produzido no sistema orgânico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

LaRbp38: A Leishmania amazonensis protein that binds nuclear and kinetoplast DNAs

Leishmania amazonensis causes a wide spectrum of leishmaniasis. There are no vaccines or adequate treatment for leishmaniasis, therefore there is considerable interest in the identification of new targets for anti-leishmania drugs. The central role of telomere-binding proteins in cell maintenance makes these proteins potential targets for new drugs. In this work, we used a combination of purification chromatographies to screen L. amazonensis proteins for molecules capable of binding double-stranded telomeric DNA. This approach resulted in the purification of a 38 kDa polypeptide that was identified by mass spectrometry as Rbp38, a trypanosomatid protein previously shown to stabilize mitochondrial RNA and to associate with nuclear and kinetoplast DNAs. Western blotting and supershift assays confirmed the identity of the protein as LaRbp38. Competition and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that LaRbp38 interacted with kinetoplast and nuclear DNAs in vivo and suggested that LaRbp38 may have dual cellular localization and more than one function. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Standartization of broth microdilution method for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Indirect drug susceptibility tests of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was done to investigate the accuracy and feasibility of a broth microdilution method (BMM) for determining minimal inhibitory concentrations of conventional drugs against M. tuberculosis. Test drugs included isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), ethambutol (E), streptomycin (S) and pyrazinamide (Z). Fifty isolates of M. tuberculosis from patients who had never received drug therapy, and H37Rv strain for control, were evaluated in the system. When comparing this method with the gold standard proportional method in Lowenstein-Jensen medium, sensitivity of 100% for all drugs and specifities of 91, 100, 96, 98 and 85% were observed respectively for H, R, E, S and Z. The BMM was read faster (14-20 days) than the proportional method (20-28 days). The microdilution method evaluated allows the testing of multiple drugs in multiple concentrations. It is easy to perform and does not require special equipment or expensive supplies. In contrast to radiometric method it does not use radioactive material.

O expressionismo de Erwartung diante do problema do fetichismo musical

O monodrama Erwartung, de Arnold Schoenberg, foi caracterizado por um lado como síntese do expressionismo e, por outro, como uma composição não definível por meio de categorias formais. Esta convergência entre expressão e negação da forma, apontada por Carl Dahlhaus, é o ponto de partida deste texto, cujo objetivo é sustentar, mais do que uma simples convergência, uma relação determinada entre expressão e negação da forma, ou da convenção. Isto é realizado em três momentos: primeiro, desenvolve-se o conceito adorniano de fetichismo musical; segundo, aborda-se a relação entre a expressão e a convenção à luz do problema do fetichismo musical, o que permite aproximar noções como a negação da convenção, a negação romântica do objetivismo musical em prol da expressão subjetiva e a recusa de materiais fetichizados; em terceiro lugar, aborda-se Erwartung, mostrando como o problema da convenção, do objetivismo e do fetichismo não deixam de aparecer em uma peça que leva às últimas consequências a radicalização da expressão pela negação da convenção.

Avaliação da colonização nasal por Staphylococcus spp. resistenteà oxacilina em alunos de enfermagem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Indução anestésica com a técnica de seqüência rápida

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A indução da anestesia por meio da técnica de seqüência rápida é utilizada, principalmente, para proteger as vias aéreas, quando há risco de aspiração do conteúdo gástrico. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a técnica e os diferentes protocolos que buscam o uso racional dos fármacos disponíveis, visando condições ideais de intubação traqueal, sem aumentar o risco de aspiração do conteúdo gástrico ou de outras complicações. CONTEÚDO: Apresenta uma revisão da técnica da indução com seqüência rápida, enfatizando o uso racional dos hipnóticos, opióides e bloqueadores neuromusculares (BNM), para reduzir o período entre a perda da consciência e o correto posicionamento do tubo traqueal, ou seja, diminuir o período de maior risco para aspiração e ainda manter excelentes condições de intubação traqueal. CONCLUSÕES: A intubação traqueal após indução anestésica por meio da técnica de seqüência rápida está indicada naqueles pacientes, com risco de aspiração gástrica, em que não há suspeita de intubação traqueal difícil. A indicação correta da técnica, sua aplicação criteriosa e a utilização racional das drogas disponíveis podem promover condições excelentes de intubação, com curto período de latência, rápido retorno da consciência e da respiração espontânea, caso haja falha na intubação traqueal.

Nível de conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas de São José dos Campos sobre o uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteróides

A prescrição abusiva de medicamentos na odontologia constitui um desafio aos programas de saúde pública que visam corrigir a prescrição inadequada de fármacos. Os anti-inflamatórios não esteróides (AINE) podem alteram a eficácia dos anti-hipertensivos, elevando a pressão arterial, sobretudo em pacientes idosos e/ou com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS). O objetivo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimentos dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) da rede pública da saúde da Prefeitura Municipal de São José dos Campos (PMSJC) sobre a prescrição de AINE a pacientes com HAS. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, realizado por meio de questionário aplicado aos 92 CD da PMSJC. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando-se os testes de Wald e de Fisher. A associação entre as variáveis foi estudada por meio da razão de chances (OR) com p-valor<0,05. Os resultados mostraram que o nível de conhecimento para a prescrição de AINE para pacientes com HAS foi insuficiente e as interações medicamentosas entre AINE e anti-hipertensivos são desconhecidas pela quase totalidade da amostra. Concluiu-se que os cursos de atualização em odontologia não estão suprindo as necessidades dos CD no âmbito da farmacoterapia.

DBMODELING - A database applied to the study of protein targets from genome projects

Genome sequencing efforts are providing us with complete genetic blueprints for hundreds of organisms. We are now faced with assigning, understanding, and modifying the functions of proteins encoded by these genomes. DBMODELING is a relational database of annotated comparative protein structure models and their metabolic pathway characterization, when identified. This procedure was applied to complete genomes such as Mycobacteritum tuberculosis and Xylella fastidiosa. The main interest in the study of metabolic pathways is that some of these pathways are not present in humans, which makes them selective targets for drug design, decreasing the impact of drugs in humans. In the database, there are currently 1116 proteins from two genomes. It can be accessed by any researcher at http://www.biocristalografia.df.ibilce.unesp.br/tools/. This project confirms that homology modeling is a useful tool in structural bioinformatics and that it can be very valuable in annotating genome sequence information, contributing to structural and functional genomics, and analyzing protein-ligand docking.

A Educação Musical Brasileira e Três Modelos Explicativos de Mundo: em busca de significados

In this paper we study the main modalities of music education in Brazil and how they can be compared to different views worldwide. Recognition that modern practices in music education are inserted in contemporary knowledge paradigms shows their relevance to a changing world. According to this contemporary paradigm the practices included herein point to alternatives in the relationship between men and themselves, men and other men and men and the environment. They also encourage cooperation, the relationship among the arts, the conduction of actions ruled by the principles of ecology and the recovery of values lost or weakened.

PREVENCAO DE TROMBOFLEBITES PELO USO DE HEPARINA EM PACIENTES TRATADOS COM ANFOTERICINA B

The authors studied the incidence of thrombophlebitis in 41 patients treated intravenously with amphotericin B. The patients were divided in two different group: Group 1: patients treated with amphotericin B and hydrocortisone with heparin (1000 UI); Group 2: patients treated with amphotericin B and hydrocortisone. The results showed 23.81% of incidence of thrombophlebitis in Group 1 and 90% in Group 2. Thrombophlebitis in Group 1 ranged from mild to moderate without any change during the drug therapy. In Group 2, the incidence was 66.67% and the thrombophlebitis were severe being necessary the withdrawn of the drugs in 35.0% of the cases. We concluded that heparin, in low doses, in association with amphotericin B, was an efficient drug preventing or reducing the development of thrombophlebitis.

Efeitos de diferentes doses de tenoxicam sobre a medula espinhal e as meninges. Estudo experimental em caes

Background and Objectives. The analgesic actions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) result from the inhibition of the peripheral synthesis of prostaglandins. In spite of the emphasis on the peripheral action, several studies have shown the potential central action of such drugs. In rats, NSAID doses insufficient to block pain when systemically administered were effective when intrathecally injected. This effect could be mediated by interaction with descending serotoninergic ways together with neurotransmission modulation of glycine or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Our goal was to study the effect of different tenoxican doses in the histology of dogs spinal cord and meninges. Methods. Thirty two dogs (7 to 17 kg) were randomly distributed in four groups: G1 - Control with distilled water (DW); G2 - 2 mg tenoxican diluted in DW; G3 - 4 mg tenoxican diluted in DW; G4 - 10 mg tenoxican diluted in DW in a constant volume of 1 ml. Anesthesia was induced with etomidate and fentanyl and dural puncture was performed with a 25G spinal needle in interspace L6-7. Animals were observed for 72 hours and subsequently euthanized by electrocution. Lumbar and sacral spinal cord segments were removed for further histologic examination. Results. All animals were clinically normal during the observation period and there has been no histologic alteration of the nervous system and meninges. Conclusions. In our experimental model intrathecal tenoxican doses up to 10 mg have not triggered nervous tissue or meningeal injuries in dogs.

Two short peptides including segments of subunit A of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase as potential probes to evaluate the antibacterial activity of quinolones

Quinolones constitute a family of compounds with a potent antibiotic activity. The enzyme DNA gyrase, responsible for the replication and transcription processes in DNA of bacteria, is involved in the mechanism of action of these drugs. In this sense, it is believed that quinolones stabilize the so-called 'cleavable complex' formed by DNA and gyrase, but the whole process is still far from being understood at the molecular level. This information is crucial in order to design new biological active products. As an approach to the problem, we have designed and synthesized low molecular weight peptide mimics of DNA gyrase. These peptides correspond to sequences of the subunit A of the enzyme from Escherichia coli, that include the quinolone resistance-determining region (positions 75-92) and a segment containing the catalytic Tyr-122 (positions 116-130). The peptide mimic of the non-mutated enzyme binds to ciprofloxin (CFX) only when DNA and Mg2+ were present (Kd = 1.6 × 10 -6 m), a result previously found with DNA gyrase. On the other hand, binding was reduced when mutations of Ser-83 to Leu-83 and Asp-87 to Asn-87 were introduced, a double change previously found in the subunit A of DNA gyrase from several CFX-resistant clinical isolates of E. coli. These results suggest that synthetic peptides designed in a similar way to that described here can be used as mimics of gyrases (topoisomerases) in order to study the binding of the quinolone to the enzyme-DNA complex as well as the mechanism of action of these antibiotics. Copyright © 2001 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Endocrine Disruptors and Hypothalamic Sexual Differentiation

The so-called endocrine disruptors have been described as compounds which interfere with the estrogen action in their receptors and may exert a crucial role in the development of the reproductive tract and in the brain sexual differentiation. Thus, conducts and/or exposure to these drugs in the perinatal period that apparently do not endanger the neonate may cause side effects. During embrionary development, the gonads, through discharge of a small quantity of reproductive hormones, will guarantee the phenotype of male or female at birth, as well as actuate in specific areas sexual differentiation of the central nervous system. Several experimental models have shown an interference of drugs acting as endocrine disruptors in hypothalamic sexual differentiation. Thus, reproductive function is impaired by exposure to estrogen in the perinatal life of rats and the mechanisms involved in this effect are distinct for males and females. Perinatal exposure to drugs which may be considered endocrine disrupters may induce an incomplete masculinization and defeminization of the central nervous system. Alterations in these processes, if present, generally are perceived only at puberty or adult reproductive life. These later alterations may include anomalies in the process of fertility or in sexual behavior.

Consumo de drogas psicoactivas por adolescentes escolares de Assis, SP

To quantify psychoactive drug use and investigate use-related variables among students of Assis, Brazil, a questionnaire was administered to collect sociodemographic data and identify the pattern of non-medical use of psychoactive drugs in 20% of public and private school students. The largest consumption indexes for lifetime use were seen for alcohol (68.9%) and tobacco (22.7%). Drugs most often used were: solvents (10.0%); marijuana (6.6%); benzodiazepines (3.8%); amphetamines (2.6%); cocaine (1.6%); and anticholinergics (1.0%).