988 resultados para Alagados construídos
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This article reflects on the continuing education of science teachers and, for that, it was conducted a documental analysis of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Educations (Law No. 9394/96) and a bibliographical research to make a survey and a study about the authors with recognized contribution in this area, focusing on the following items (i) aspects of legislation and public policies for the continuing education on Basic Education teachers; (ii) teaching knowledge needed in their professional training; and (iii) continuing education of science teachers. It was concluded that teachers’ professional development should happen through institutional continuing education, guided by a work plan, so that they can effectively develop their as mediators between the students' interaction with the information obtained, so that the teaching-learning process can happen and consistent scientific knowledge can be constructed by students.
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The Folha Universal, newspaper produced by the Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (Iurd, abbreviation in Portuguese for Universal Church of the Kingdom of God), reaches an average weekly circulation from 2.5 to 3.5 million copies. Studies indicate that the Folha Universal is not merely an institutional newspaper. It is systematically dedicated to be a source of political information to their readers, in order to publicize candidates and politicians who defend the Iurd’s proposals for the Brazilian public life. This paper describes results of an empirical study on the frames built by the Folha Universal about the social demands, economic and political governance considered as priorities to the public management by the Iurd around five themes of analysis: public safety; children and adolescents care; public health; environment; politics and economy. The results indicate that, as characteristics of the Folha Universal in the four months prior to the 2010 Brazilian elections, aspects that differ from those indicated by previous studies on the newspaper. Previously detected in the pages of Folha Universal as a mean for finding solutions to social problems, the theology of prosperity was in our sample replaced by the formulation of public policies.
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This study examines the relationship between theory and practice that emerges from two Environmental Projects that were carried out in a popular neighborhood of Bauru, SP, . In order to analyze the data, given the diversity of theoretical and practical approaches and concepts in environmental education, we chose as a theoretical foundation critical environmental education. Considering the techniques used in the methodological procedures of qualitative research in education, we elected, as a tool to collect information, content analysis. The results presented in this paper indicate the need to break the dichotomy between form (practice) and content (theory) in the environmental educational process, focusing on the systematized and historically constructed contents. Thus, we consider the environmental education process analyzed involve treating form and content as a dialectic unit.
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This paper seeks to understand the mediation of cultural products devoted to childhood in the children's play culture. This research focused on a dialogue between the TV cartoons, which are foods to playfulness and fantasy that characterize childhood cultures; the ethics, because the questioning of symbolic mediators (ideas, values, norms, rules) are essential to reflect on the society we want to live, and Physical Education as a curriculum component, shall contribute to the critical mediation of the body culture and the sports arising out from the media, which has close relation with the practical and moral problems that arise in the classroom. To analyze the narrative structures of cartoons we have adopted the comprehensive methodology of Joan Ferrés. Such method suggests a hermeneuticphenomenological approach, which allowed to access Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics; as one interpretative method, it allows the reflection on our values, and also the values presented by the audiovisual product, and possible changes. Successive readings indicate that the narrative structure of TV cartoons responds to a double moral standard, which are constructed from stereotyped models between good and evil, right and wrong, villain and hero, and propose universal role models of conduct. However, some cartoons, mostly based on animé productions, have broader visions of the human common living experiences. We concluded that the current symbolic production of childhood cultures proposes one challenge to the Physical Education teacher: the critical mediation of values related to the movement body culture. Along with the support of moral philosophy, it can target his/her practice for understanding the different manners of (re)creation of the ways, and the living in society.
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Apresenta-se neste trabalho experiências obtidas através de 06 (seis) anos consecutivos de trabalho com a disciplina de Geometria Espacial em turmas de formação inicial de professores de matemática. A proposta de trabalho em grupos colaborativos se justifica pela necessidade atual de os professores em atividade utilizarem essa poderosa ferramenta como facilitadora da aprendizagem pessoal e dos estudantes sob sua orientação. Os alunos das várias turmas foram desafiados à tarefa de apresentarem, ao final da disciplina (semestre), um trabalho contendo: material escrito (capa, formatação, desenvolvimento do tema, cálculos, desenhos, resultados e referências), material concreto produzido com canudos e fitilho (sólidos construídos: acabamento, uniformização, montagem e medidas) e apresentação oral do grupo (arquivos de programas de apresentação). A metodologia proposta para a realização dessa tarefa em todas as turmas foi de grupos colaborativos, com em média 05 (cinco) alunos cada. Para a 1ª turma foi proposta a construção de “esqueletos” dos poliedros de Platão, com a maior aresta (canudinho) fixada. Cada grupo deveria observar uma propriedade dentre as seguintes: sólidos com a mesma área total; com o mesmo volume; com uma mesma esfera inscrita e com uma mesma esfera circunscrita. Todo material coletado dos grupos (escrito, construído ou digital/apresentação oral), está sendo devidamente catalogado, para então ser disponibilizado no Laboratório de Ensino de Matemática do referido curso. Os trabalhos propostos posteriormente foram gradativamente sendo mais desafiadores. O último trabalho proposto (2012) teve o seguinte tema: Poliedros Arquimedianos ou semirregulares.
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This article presents the results of research conducted on full-scale models, studying the behavior of steel sleepers under the action of static loads, in vertical, longitudinal and transverse directions. For the research models were run with rails TR-68, fixed with elastic system on seven sleepers each type, separately, embedded in standard ballast with 35 cm height and on the basis of compacted soil with 30 cm thick. For the load tests were constructed using reaction systems of vertical and horizontal forces with the objective of applying the requests. The system of readings and data acquisition was fully computerized, obtaining in real time the values of forces and displacements. The results were compared with those installed in the same way with sleepers of wood, mono-block and bi-block prestressed concrete. The analyzed results provided unprecedented parameters in Brazil and of great importance for the design of modern railway permanent way, using steel sleepers.
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Saudada como consequência de um complexo processo de evolução do arcabouço jurídico-institucional brasileiro, a Lei Federal 12.527, denominada Lei de Acesso a Informações, sancionada em 18 de novembro de 2011 e regulamentada no âmbito do Poder Executivo federal pelo Decreto 7.724, de 16 de maio de 2012, atende o pressuposto do direito à informação fixado pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Valores e práticas historicamente construídos podem significar obstáculos e resistências importantes à sua aplicação. Características do próprio texto legal, que vêm à tona quando comparado aos seus congêneres internacionais, também sinalizam possíveis complicadores. Este artigo indica limites que a Lei de Acesso a Informações pode enfrentar à sua consolidação, originários principalmente do campo da cultura político-institucional, que se tornam mais nítidos com o exame de características brasileiras em comparação com outros países que possuem dispositivos semelhantes.
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Since journalistic report is subject to certain pre-coded forms of narration, so that the recognized journalistic discourse is subject to a specific and standardized way of narrating the events, in this article, we will discuss the historical status of reality effects engendered narratively by news stories. Over time, although the use of reality effects is constant in news, the narrative techniques that harbor these effects have changed. In different historical periods, different narration codes had assumed the role of making the journalistic stories more credible. As material of analysis, we will show certain narrative techniques linked to reality effects used by magazines such as Revista da Semana (1900-1958), O Cruzeiro (1928-1975) and Manchete (1952-2000). Each one of these used certain storytelling techniques that have been abandoned in subsequent periods and that show the historical status of reality effects linguistically constructed in journalism.
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This study investigated the effect of slope and antecedent soil moisture on the water depth stored and percolated on extensive green roofs built in pilot scale. For this purpose, slopes of 10, 20 and 30% were investigated. Moisture was measured before and after each test in order to determine the differential moisture (∆U). The experimental runoff and percolated flow were analyzed by varying moisture and slope. Apparent color and turbidity were measured on runoff and percolated flow for each one of the modules. The results yielded that for the slopes of 10% the smaller values of runoff was obtained (average of 1,01% ± 0,7%). For the others slopes (20% and 30%), the runoffs were around 35% ± 15%. The sum of runoff and percolated water results in 77% (average) for slope of 10% and 80% for 20% and 30%. The slope and moisture have explained 87% of data for retained water and 81% for runoff. For percolated flow the inverse trend was observed. The retained water was 11,6±1,4mm for the module with 10% of slope, around 10,0±1,2 mm for the module with 20% of slope, and about 9,5±1,1 mm for the module with 30%. The results pointed out that both slope and antecedent moisture are crucial for runoff reduction and for material transportation.
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Este trabalho final de graduação apresenta uma proposta de requalificação de espaços residuais situados à margem dos dois córregos existentes na cidade de Novo Horizonte, São Paulo. As áreas abordadas nesse estudo possuem a inexistência de infraestrutura e manutenção como característica em comum; e também, dentro do Plano Diretor Municipal, serem consideradas Áreas de Especial Interesse Ambiental, Urbanístico e para Utilização Pública. Porém, na maioria das vezes, essas áreas não se encontram ociosas do ponto de vista das ações antrópicas, que improvisam os próprios equipamentos e realizam atividades de lazer, esporte e recreação. Outro ponto abordado nesse trabalho foi a revitalização de um galpão abandonado há dezesseis anos, onde funcionava uma concessionária, que por motivos diversos acabou se tornando uma cicatriz na cidade. Nesse espaço, situado em uma área onde se aplica o direito de preempção, foram pensadas ações projetuais que proporcionassem novas e boas memórias para os cidadãos. Assim, o projeto teve como conceito a organização das atividades existentes, qualificando e estruturando os locais para sua prática, atendendo às necessidades da população de várias faixas etárias e criando uma continuidade dos equipamentos, criando novos locais para mobilidade e permanência, e também a incorporação de novas práticas importantes, como a preservação e manutenção dos locais construídos
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This research presents the description of the assembly, development and execution of an experiment and of an interdisciplinary and student research activity built by some undergraduates from Biological Sciences, Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry PIBID subprojects of the Faculty of Science, FC - UNESP, Bauru/SP Campus. These subprojects are part of a single interdisciplinary group, which has as its main activity the Superclass, which consists of an intervention of the PIBID members during the class schedule, with an interdisciplinary and student research didactic sequence, applied by four groups of ten members, in two local State Schools. The experiment treated in this assignment was a miniature cannon (minicannon), and it was used in a Superclass that had the War and Science Development as its theme, wherein the knowledge of all areas were built from the analysis of the multiple variables involved on the cannon shots. These variables were surveyed with the students through the experiment research, during the Superclass, being focused on three of them: the shot and the explosives; the trajectory; and the target. The experiment was extremely successful, because it could instigate the students, who were interested, questioning and debaters for several times during the class. The minicannon made possible the interdisciplinary and the student research work among the four areas of science involved. Despite it has been a laborious experiment in its construction, it has proven to be innovative, and its use has transformed the students‟ ingenuous curiosity into epistemological curiosity, a key factor in the construction of scientific knowledge, wherein the dialogue established in the Superclass explored this new curiosity
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Contexto: É descrita uma infestação por ácaros hematófagos aviários, que se manifesta em ambientes humanos através da colonização por pombos e seus ninhos. Descrição de caso: A paciente pernoitou em ambiente rural com ninhos de pombos e, no retorno, queixou-se de dermatite e prurido intenso, inicialmente nos antebraços, região anteromedial das coxas e região poplítea. O exame dermatológico mostrou múltiplas pápulas eritematosas, pruriginosas e escoriadas, com cerca de 2 mm de diâmetro. Medicada para escabiose, trouxe os ácaros em uma segunda consulta (identificados como sendo da espécie Dermanyssus gallinae) e obteve resolução do quadro após terapêutica para prurigo agudo. Discussão: A gamasoidose é uma doença disseminada por todo o mundo. Atualmente, com a proliferação de pombos nas cidades, ocorre na zona urbana, a partir de ninhos construídos em telhados ou em nichos para ar-condicionado. Os principais agentes são os ácaros Dermanyssus gallinae, D. avium, Ornithonyssus sylviarum e Ornithonyssus bursa. Estes são ectoparasitas hematófagos temporá- rios de aves domésticas e selvagens, mas também podem se alimentar da espécie humana. Em humanos, os sintomas são cutâneos, não havendo relato de transmissão de doenças infecciosas ou quadros graves. As lesões são maculopapulares e eritematosas, podendo ser confundidas com a pediculose e a escabiose. Conclusões: A infestação por ácaros aviários não está restrita apenas à área rural ou silvestre, sendo cada vez mais comum nas regiões urbanas. Assim, é de grande importância que não só os dermatologistas como os médicos de formação geral conheçam e saibam como suspeitar e tratar adequadamente esta entidade
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Solar heaters are an appropriate technology in tropical and sub-tropical climates to heat bath water by solar energy. Low-cost solar heaters meet the demand of low-income rural communities which currently do not have access to this technology. Current research analyzes the economic viability of solar heaters, built with recyclable materials, to reduce electric energy bill. A solar heating system was built consisting of recyclable materials in accordance with the manuals provided by the Secretariat of Environment of the state of Paraná (SEMA). Duration of use of electric showers by families of rural properties was determined to calculate expenses and billing of electricity. Simulation and material costs showed that the system was feasible. Commercial solar heaters could be replaced at a cost of R$ 22.61 per month during 13 months.