Estructura de la macrofauna asociada los Rizoides de Lessonia sp. (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

En tres transectos perpendiculares a la costa oriental de la Isla Independencia, se colectaron un total de 25 rizoides de Lessonia sp. Entre 3 y 10 m. de profundidad, en agosto, noviembre y diciembre de 1986. Se determinaron un total de 143 taxa de invertebrados.

Mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical characterisation of white and coloured Iberian marbles in the context of the provenancing of some artefacts from Thamusida (Kenitra, Morocco)

A multi-analytical study has been carried out on a collection of white and coloured Iberian marbles. A total of 135 marble specimens were collected in Spain and Portugal from the Betic chain (Alhaurin de la Torre, Mijas, Macael), Ossa Morena (Alconera, Almaden de la Plata and Viana do Alentejo), and the Estremoz Anticline (Bencatel, Borba and Estremoz) areas. X-ray diffractometry and carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis were carried out on these samples; 38 samples were also investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results provide a set of diagnostic parameters that allow discriminating the sampled marble quarries. The carbonate minerals composition is distinctive for the Mijas and Alhaurin de la Torre marbles; the isotopic analysis allows discriminating also between these two dolomitic marble quarries. The Ossa Morena and Estremoz Anticline marbles share a similar stable isotope composition; the accessory mineral content, the maximum grain size (MGS) and the fabric are particularly useful in the distinction between them. In the framework of archaeometric provenance studies on Thamusida (Kenitra, Morocco) Roman marble artefacts, a specific comparison between this new Iberian database and archaeological findings has been carried out. The hypothesis of commercial exchanges between the Iberian regions and Roman Morocco is supported by the results of the provenance study, which suggested the Almaden de la Plata and Mijas quarries as possible sources of raw materials for the production of archaeological artefacts.

Angervonniemellä 31.7.1929

Kirje

Cambios en los Recursos Costeros y su Incidencia en la Pesquería Artesanal durante «El Niño» 1982 - 1983

Los efectos del intenso fenómeno «El Niño» (EN) en verano y otoño del año 1983 sobre la pesquería artesanal se estudiaron a través de viajes de inspección a 21 centros de desembarque a lo largo del litoral peruano, entre enero y julio. Los resultados se basan en encuestas, estadísticas, datos e informaciones obtenidas durante los viajes. El fuerte calentamiento del mar ad­yacente a la costa peruana ha determinado en las capturas el reemplazo de especies típicas como cabrilla, cachema, lenguado, pejerrey, loma, jurel, caballa y suco por especies de aguas tropicales como el dorado, sierra, picuda, barrilete, rayas, manta rayas y langostinos. Los desembarques de las especies tradicionales han disminuido alrededor de 40 % con respecto a los meses de enero a julio de años normales, alcanzando en Santa Rosa, Lomas, Chala y Meca hasta un 80 % de disminución. En el verano de 1983, las capturas promedio de las embarcaciones artesanales en el litoral norte fueron <400 kg por embarcación-viaje, cantidad 3 veces menor a las capturas del verano anterior, mientras que para el litoral sur fueron en promedio < 170 kg, es decir más de 4 veces menor que antes.

Göttingen 3/8 29

Kirje 3.8.1929

Sistema de Informação de Apoio à Detecção de Perdas de Energia Eléctrica – O Caso da Electra

A realidade mundial é preocupante no que diz respeito ao aumento de ocorrências de perdas e fraudes em redes de distribuição de energia eléctrica. Em Cabo Verde, mas precisamente na Cidade da Praia a realidade é ainda mais preocupante devido ao número de ocorrências e a gravidade dos mesmos. Propõe-se um trabalho de investigação sobre perdas e fraudes de energia eléctrica baseado na análise dos dados relativos aos registos dos clientes na Base de Dados da Electra (Cabo Verde), com o intuito de nortear as tomadas de decisões de gestão estratégica no que diz respeito às políticas de controlo e prevenção de perdas e fraudes de energia eléctrica. O trabalho baseia-se na recolha e selecção de dados a organizar numa Data Warehouse para depois aplicar as tecnologias OLAP para a identificação de perdas nos Postos de Transformação e zonas geográficas da Cidade da Praia em Cabo Verde e posteriormente identificar possíveis fraudes de energia eléctrica nos clientes finais utilizando Data Mining. Os resultados principais consistiram na identificação de situações de perdas de energia eléctrica nos Postos de Transformação, a identificação de áreas críticas seleccionadas para inspecção dos seus clientes finais e a detecção de padrões de anomalias associadas ao perfil dos clientes.

The lesser cotton leafworm, Anomis impasta (Guenée) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), in cotton

Anomis impasta (Guenée) is a species that shows remarkable morphological and behavioral similarities with the cotton leafworm Alabama argillacea (Hübner). During two growing cotton seasons, A. impasta was observed feeding on leaves and flower bracts of cotton and monitored. Furthermore, a study was conducted under laboratory conditions to generate biological information about this species with larvae feeding cotton squares and leaves. Larvae fed on cotton squares exhibited delayed development (18.5 ± 0.18 days) and lower pupal weight (140.8 ± 2.26 mg) compared to larvae fed on cotton leaves (14.0 ± 0.07 days and 169.3 ± 2.06 mg). Thus, one generation cycle of A. impasta was obtained by feeding the larvae with cotton leaves. The mean (minimum-maximum) values for the duration of eggs, larvae and pupae were: 3.0 (3-4), 14.8 (14-18), and 9.7 (7-14) days, respectively. The viability of the eggs, larvae, and pupae were 43.7, 98.3, and 94.7%, respectively. Females lived on average 25.2 days (ranging from 15 to 37 days) and produced 869 eggs (from 4 to 1,866 eggs). The successful development and reproduction of A. impasta on cotton, especially, on the cotton leaves, suggest the potential of this species to reach a pest status in cotton. The similarities with A. argillacea, as discussed in this study, can be one of the reasons for low reference to A. impasta in the field. Therefore, the information provided here will allow researchers and growers to distinguish these two cotton defoliators.

Estimación de la fecundidad parcial de la caballa (scomber japonicus peruanus) a inicios de otoño 1998. Crucero BIC Humboldt 9803-05 de Tumbes a Tacna

Se estimó la fecundidad parcial de la caballa, Scomber japonicus peruanus en 28.978 huevos con una desviación estándar de 1529. El rango fluctuó entre 7.603 y 53.921 huevos por bache de desove. La distribución de tallas estuvo comprendida entre 24 y 31 cm de longitud a la horquilla. Las muestras fueron tomadas de 6 lances, siendo el tamaño de muestra de 42 individuos.

Protonation controls ASIC1a activity via coordinated movements in multiple domains.

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are neuronal Na(+)-conducting channels activated by extracellular acidification. ASICs are involved in pain sensation, expression of fear, and neurodegeneration after ischemic stroke. Functional ASICs are composed of three identical or homologous subunits, whose extracellular part has a handlike structure. Currently, it is unclear how protonation of residues in extracellular domains controls ASIC activity. Knowledge of these mechanisms would allow a rational development of drugs acting on ASICs. Protonation may induce conformational changes that control the position of the channel gate. We used voltage-clamp fluorometry with fluorophores attached to residues in different domains of ASIC1a to detect conformational changes. Comparison of the timing of fluorescence and current signals identified residues involved in movements that preceded desensitization and may therefore be associated with channel opening or early steps leading to desensitization. Other residues participated in movements intimately linked to desensitization and recovery from desensitization. Fluorescence signals of all mutants were detected at more alkaline pH than ionic currents. Their midpoint of pH dependence was close to that of steady-state desensitization, whereas the steepness of the pH fluorescence relationship was closer to that of current activation. A sequence of movements was observed upon acidification, and its backward movements during recovery from desensitization occurred in the reverse order, indicating that the individual steps are interdependent. Furthermore, the fluorescence signal of some labeled residues in the finger domain was strongly quenched by a Trp residue in the neighboring β-ball domain. Upon channel activation, their fluorescence intensity increased, indicating that the finger moved away from the β ball. This extensive analysis of activity-dependent conformational changes in ASICs sheds new light on the mechanisms by which protonation controls ASIC activity.

Informe estadístico de los recursos hidrobiológicos de la pesca artesanal por especies, artes, caletas y meses durante el segundo semestre de 1998

Recopila la información colectada en 31 puntos de desembarque de los puertos y caletas muestreados a nivel nacional durante el segundo semestre de 1998. Se pone a disposición de la comunidad en general siguiendo con la periodicidad semestral establecida por el Proyecto Determinación del Potencial Pesquero Artesanal en el Litoral Peruano, en la entrega de resultados sobre las estadísticas totales de la pesquería artesanal.