One Person, Many Votes: Divided Majority and Information Aggregation

In elections, majority divisions pave the way to focal manipulations and coordination failures, which can lead to the victory of the wrong candidate. This paper shows how this flaw can be addressed if voter preferences over candidates are sensitive to information. We consider two potential sources of divisions: majority voters may have similar preferences but opposite information about the candidates, or opposite preferences. We show that when information is the source of majority divisions, Approval Voting features a unique equilibrium with full information and coordination equivalence. That is, it produces the same outcome as if both information and coordination problems could be resolved. Other electoral systems, such as Plurality and Two-Round elections, do not satisfy this equivalence. The second source of division is opposite preferences. Whenever the fraction of voters with such preferences is not too large, Approval Voting still satisfies full information and coordination equivalence.

A não cumulatividade do IPI na exportação de mercadorias nacionais sob a perspectiva da análise jurídica da política econômica : neutralidade da incidência tributária e efetiviade do creditamento

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Direito, 2016.

Acesso à alimentação como direito social no Brasil : implicações para a sociedade e para o sistema nacional de informações

A Emenda Constitucional 64/2010 garantiu Direito Humano à Alimentação como direito básico e social, alterando o Artigo 6º da Constituição Federal. O artigo analisa as significativas implicações desta alteração na gestão das políticas públicas brasileiras Ao assegurar o Direito à Alimentação como direito básico e social, a Carta constituiu um dever, ou uma obrigação positiva do Estado brasileiro. O artigo discute também o significado desta mudança para o sistema brasileiro de informações, argumentando que já existem fontes de dados e sistema de indicadores construídos para o monitoramento consistente das situações de (in)segurança alimentar e nutricional no país, restando agora ao governo federal e aos gestores do Sistema Brasileiro de Informações Estatísticas e Geográficas definir a regularidade e a frequência da aplicação e divulgação destes instrumentos. Nossa atenção se concentrará basicamente nas possibilidades de uso da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares e da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra Domiciliar como fontes de dados. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

O descompasso de uma experiência: avaliação do Programa Habitar Brasil na Comunidade África-Natal/RN

This research deals with the evaluation of the Programa do Governo Federal para Urbanização de Favelas Habitar Brasil(1993) carried out in the Africa slum - Redinha neighbourhood in Natal-Rn. This study carried out in period from 2005 to 2006 searches to identify the effects of the actions proposed by Program in 1993-1994 about the current urbanistic configuration of the Africa community. It analyzes the effectiveness in the process of achievement of the considered objectives to habitation, communitity equipments, infrastructure and agrarian regularization. On the evaluation process, it has been as reference the works developed by Adauto Cardoso (2004), Blaine Worthen (2004), Ronaldo Garcia (2001) and Rosângela Paz (2006). About the Habitational Policy with approach to the Urbanistic Right and the right to the housing, the reflections by Raquel Rolnik, Nabil Bonduki, Ermínia Maricato, Saule Júnior, Betânia de Moraes Alfonsin and Edésio Fernandes are main references. To gauge the execution of the objectives proposed by Habitar Brasil in 1993, it has searched in the documentary data of the time and in information gotten in interviews with technicians that had participated of the program, consistent references on what was considered, what was executed and the process of the intervention of Habitar Brasil in the Africa community. The area analysis in 2005-2006 has developed on the base of the urbanistic survey of the current situation from the four performance lines of the Program: habitation, infrastructure, community equipments and agrarian regularization, with a current urbanistic evaluation of Africa considering the intervention carried out in 1993 and 1994. The study points out the context of Brazilian Habitational Policy where the Programa Habitar Brasil was launched, explaining the main principles of the Program. In terms of local, it empahsizes the administrative-political factors that had contributed so that Natal-Rn city has been pioneering in the resources captation of Habitar Brazil (1993). Considering Habitar Brazil in Africa, the work argues and presents the intervention diagnosis and the proposal, developed by Program in 1993 evidencing the local problem of the time. After that, it makes a current reading of the area, identifying in 2006 representative elements of Habitar Brasil (1993-1994) for the Africa community. It identifies significant advances in the constitution of the institucional apparatus of the plaining system of Habitation of Social Interest for the city of Natal and points the fragilities in the implementation of the urban infrastructure actions and above all in the achievement of the objectives of the agrarian regularization

Defending the 'public interest': an assessment of competing actor representations of 'solutions' to growing natural resource deficiencies.

This paper applies a SRT framework to the study of two case studies, namely the recent campaign of opposition to the legalization of hydraulic fracking in the State of New York and the more ongoing debate on land leasing in Africa. In relation to both campaigns, the analysis accounts for the arguments of a major financial institution and industry representatives who stress the safe and value-adding dimensions of these practices, as well as the views of opponents who refute the validity of industry's position and point to the unacceptable risks posed to the community, health and the environment. In spite of a number of obvious differences between these two case studies, not least differences arising from contrasting socio-economic and geo-political settings, there were also some notable similarities. First, was a tendency amongst protesters in both cases to formulate their role as contemporaries in a historically extended struggle for democratic justice. All perceived of themselves as guardians of their community's right to resist a corporate 'invasion' of their territories, like their forefathers and mothers before them. A theme of colonialism was explored in both settings through various identity and thematic anchoring devices that deliberately evoked shared understandings and historical memories of exploitation and human suffering. The evocation of powerful symbols of identity through visual narratives of protest further reinforced the cultural comprehensibility of opponents' message of protest in both contexts.

Compreensão da terminologia legal em adolescentes escolarizados

Esta Dissertação de Mestrado apresenta um estudo sobre terminologia legal relacionada ao entendimento de crianças e adolescentes escolarizados, tendo como objetivo analisar de forma crítica, a compreensibilidade de alguns vocábulos, como também a interpretação de terminologias jurídica na visão destes públicos, uma vez que, o Direito por ser um dos ramos da ciência a usar em demasia certos termos, tem dificultado até mesmo aqueles que têm certa familiaridade com a matéria, a ter certa dificuldade em relação à interpretação de fraseologia. Tal inquietação em aprofundar sobre o tema surgiu em virtude da percepção, de acordo com os noticiários, em expor a participação cada vez maior desses atores em contato com o mundo delituoso. Dessa forma, emergiu a inquietação em saber com certa pertinência, como estes percebiam certos vocábulos ou termos legal, usados no cotidiano, não somente pelos profissionais do Direito, como também, por aqueles que têm a incumbência de socializar os acontecimentos com o envolvimento pela população. Esta pesquisa teve como fundamentos metodológicos, as abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas, que oportunizou fazer a análise e o cruzamento das informações identificadas às múltiplas facetas das ações desenvolvidas no que refere à percepção dos detentores do assunto, finalizando com todos os objetivos conclusos, oportunizando, não só aos leitores, como também propiciando elevada contribuição para a ciência.

Policy directive

The purpose of this policy is to facilitate the flow of information between the South Carolina Department of Public Safety, the news media and the general public, while protecting the rights of both the defendants and the prosecuting authorities in pending cases from exposure to prejudicial publicity. The DPS is committed to and recognizes the right of the general public and the news media to be fully and accurately informed about all matters of public interest regarding DPS. This policy will assure that the release of information meets the needs of the general public and news media without infringing on an individual’s right to privacy or interfering with the process of conducting a fair and impartial trial.