Aplicación web para el inventario de presiones en ríos con CartoDB

Esta memoria describe el desarrollo de una aplicación de mapas para Internet (SIG Web). Dicha aplicación consistirá en gestionar el inventario de presiones de la Confederación Hidrográfica de Tajo.

Resiliència i èxit escolar en I'alumnat de secundària de procedència estrangera: diagnòstic i línies d'intervenció

El període de I'Educació Secundaria constitueix una etapa de vulnerabilitat acadèmica per la població immigrant. El nombre d'abandonaments és molt elevat segons diversos informes locals, nacionals i internacionals. La recerca treballa sobre la hipòtesi que I'alumnat de procedència estrangera que supera la transició de risc entre I'Educació Secundària Obligatoria (ESO) i la Postobligatòria (PO) podria caracteritzar-se segons el concepte de resiliència. I així analitzar i valorar els mecanismes resilients que poden donar llum sobre com aconseguir que processos, a priori, qualificats com a problemàtics o dificultosos per aquests grups degut a la seva situació de major vulnerabilitat esdevinguin una xarxa protectora que afavoreixi trajectòries d'èxit escolar. L'estudi s'ha desenvolupat de manera longitudinal durant un curs fent el seguiment d'una cohort de 94 estudiants matriculats al darrer curs de la ES0 en la seva incorporació als estudis postobligatoris. La mostra ha estat ubicada en quatre Instituts del Barcelonès i el Maresme. Els joves pertanyien a 19 països diferents amb edats entre 15 i 18 anys amb una proporció similar de sexe femení i masculí. Per a la caracterització d'aquests estudiants en les diverses variables rellevants per I'estudi s'han utilitzat diversos Instruments de recollida de dades de tipus quantitatiu: qüestionari general, escala de centre, escala d'esdeveniments vitals i escala de resiliència. El seguiment de la cohort als estudis de batxillerat, cicles formatius o altres opcions ha estat possible gracies al vincle i treball col.laboratiu amb els Instituts que han facilitat les dades de seguiment quan ha estat possible. Els resultats han posat de manifest que existeix una correlació significativa entre la permanència acadèmica i la resiliència. Per aprofundir en aquest fenomen s'han realitzat 14 entrevistes semi-estructurades a estudiants de diversos grups culturals amb puntuació elevada a I'escala de resiliència i amb un perfil continuista.

Perfil de recém-nascidos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca em hospital privado do Município de São Paulo

Estudo transversal cujo objetivo foi descrever o perfil dos recém-nascidos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca em um hospital privado, referência em cirurgia cardíaca neonatal, no município de São Paulo. Foram analisados prontuários de 30 pacientes internados entre julho de 2001 a dezembro de 2005. Foram incluídos neonatos com idade > 35 semanas, com anomalias cardíacas. Excluíram-se os neonatos com óbito no 1. pós-operatório (OP) e com outras malformações sistêmicas. A maioria dos RNs nasceu a termo, com peso > a 2.500g e submetidos à cirurgia na primeira semana de vida. Foram identificados 24 diferentes diagnósticos de cardiopatias e 14 diferentes intervenções cirúrgicas. No 1. PO, todos os neonatos estavam com dispositivos para monitorar os parâmetros vitais ou como via de acesso para tratamento e suporte de vida, mostrando não só a complexidade do tratamento, como a necessidade de planejamento e organização do serviço na implementação da assistência a estes pacientes.

La manifestation

La manifestation est sans doute la forme la plus commune d'expression politique, tant dans les pays démocratiques, où sa légitimité le dispute avec plus ou moins de bonheur aux formes plus conventionnelles de participation comme le vote, que dans les pays non démocratiques, où elle accompagne les tentatives de révolte et de renversement.Dans cet ouvrage de synthèse, les auteurs proposent une analyse sociologique et historique de ce mode d'action politique, avec ses normes et ses règles, ses légendes et ses mythes, ses épisodes glorieux et ses heures sombres.Mais surtout, au-delà de l'interrogation classique sur la place de la manifestation dans le répertoire d'action contemporain et dans les luttes politiques, c'est aussi à une analyse au plus près des manifestants eux-mêmes et de «ce qui les fait courir» que cet ouvrage nous invite.

Revisão sistemática e metanálise sobre o valor preditivo da proteína C-reativa em infecção pós-operatória

Revisão sistemática sobre a proteína C-reativa (PCR) a fim de identificar seu valor preditivo no prognóstico/diagnóstico de infecção em pacientes cirúrgicos. As fontes de busca foram: COCHRANE, EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE E OVID, e referências bibliográficas dos estudos encontrados. Em todos os estudos a elevação dos níveis de PCR foi observada após a cirurgia e na presença de infecções pós-operatórias (PO), em oito estudos um pico de PCR entre o segundo e o terceiro PO foi relatado como aspecto normal da curva de PCR, declinando em pacientes sem complicações pós-operatórias, e elevando em pacientes com complicações. A metanálise revelou média de 85% (sensibilidade), 86% (especificidade), a área sob a curva SROC foi de 0,9060, e a Odds Ratio foi de 23,56. A PCR com outras intervenções clínicas apresenta alto valor no prognóstico/ diagnóstico de infecção pós-cirúrgica.

Impaired activation of protein kinase C-zeta by insulin and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-(PO4)3 in cultured preadipocyte-derived adipocytes and myotubes of obese subjects.

Insulin resistance in obesity is partly due to diminished glucose transport in myocytes and adipocytes, but underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport requires activation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (3K), operating downstream of insulin receptor substrate-1. PI3K stimulates glucose transport through increases in PI-3,4,5-(PO(4))(3) (PIP(3)), which activates atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt). However, previous studies suggest that activation of aPKC, but not PKB, is impaired in intact muscles and cultured myocytes of obese subjects. Presently, we examined insulin activation of glucose transport and signaling factors in cultured adipocytes derived from preadipocytes harvested during elective liposuction in lean and obese women. Relative to adipocytes of lean women, insulin-stimulated [(3)H]2-deoxyglucose uptake and activation of insulin receptor substrate-1/PI3K and aPKCs, but not PKB, were diminished in adipocytes of obese women. Additionally, the direct activation of aPKCs by PIP(3) in vitro was diminished in aPKCs isolated from adipocytes of obese women. Similar impairment in aPKC activation by PIP(3) was observed in cultured myocytes of obese glucose-intolerant subjects. These findings suggest the presence of defects in PI3K and aPKC activation that persist in cultured cells and limit insulin-stimulated glucose transport in adipocytes and myocytes of obese subjects.

Conclusion : les usages possibles et contestables des normes et des institutions dans l'internationalisation des services

The conclusion of this volume on technical standards in the regulation of services reviews the authors' contributions to understanding the relation between tertiarisation, internationalisation and standardisation from three distinct perspectives : theoretical, institutional, and sectorial. It argues that conventional views on conditions for standardisation and internationalisation of service activities are overly restrictive, making them dependent on sectorial and institutional specificity. In emphasizing the possible and contestable uses of service standards, the volume opens a critical debate on service offshoring, underlining the social and historical constructions of its transnational logic.

International variation in management of screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

BACKGROUND: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) incidence has grown with the implementation of screening and its detection varies across International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN) countries. The aim of this survey is to describe the management of screen-detected DCIS in ICSN countries and to evaluate the potential for treatment related morbidity. METHODS: We sought screen-detected DCIS data from the ICSN countries identified during 2004-2008. We adopted standardised data collection forms and analysis and explored DCIS diagnosis and treatment processes ranging from pre-operative diagnosis to type of surgery and radiotherapy. RESULTS: Twelve countries contributed data from a total of 15 screening programmes, all from Europe except the United States of America and Japan. Among women aged 50-69years, 7,176,050 screening tests and 5324 screen-detected DCIS were reported. From 21% to 93% of DCIS had a pre-operative diagnosis (PO); 67-90% of DCIS received breast conservation surgery (BCS), and in 41-100% of the cases this was followed by radiotherapy; 6.4-59% received sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) only and 0.8-49% axillary dissection (ALND) with 0.6% (range by programmes 0-8.1%) being node positive. Among BCS patients 35% received SLNB only and 4.8% received ALND. Starting in 2006, PO and SLNB use increased while ALND remained stable. SLNB and ALND were associated with larger size and higher grade DCIS lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Variation in DCIS management among screened women is wide and includes lymph node surgery beyond what is currently recommended. This indicates the presence of varying levels of overtreatment and the potential for its reduction.

Savoir s'assurer : économie politique internationale des normes de services et mondialisation du marché de la (ré)assurance

The significance of the insurance industry in the functioning of the world economy is often underestimated, with premiums reaching 7.5 % of world gross domestic product (GDP), three times as much as worldwide military expenses. Insurance services mutualise risks in such a way as they provide a form of private governance that complements or makes up for guarantees otherwise supplied by the State. This case study of international standards developed for the insurance market provides evidence that deviates from conventional accounts considering service standards as heavily dependent of national environments and industry specificities. The chapter examines the relationship between tertiarisation, internationalisation and standardisation of contemporary economies by highlighting the complementarity between institutionalist approaches of the French regulation school and international political economy scholarship shedding light on the polarisation in the possible use of standards, notwithstanding thesectoraland institutional specificities of the activities concerned.