Metabolomic evaluation of interactions in rhizosphere between Senna spectabilis and associated microorganisms

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Plantas e formigas em diferentes usos da terra e técnicas de restauração no Cerrado

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Germinação de sementes de maracujazeiros: água, luz, temperatura e reguladores vegetais

The production of seedlings of passion fruit is done mainly with the use of seeds by most producers. It can also be propagated by cuttings, layering and in vitro tissue culture. However, even when grafting is used, it is necessary to use seeds to produce the rootstock. Nevertheless, most Passifloracea species have germination problems, making it difficult to obtain seedlings. Although several studies have been developed in an attempt to increase seed germination of passion fruit there are still difficulties in understanding the germination process and also disagreement about seed dormancy. Thus, the present study aimed to review papers related to seed germination of passion fruit emphasizing aspects such as mechanical resistance to water ingress, the need for adequate light and temperature and the use of plant growth regulators in overcoming seed dormancy. It was noticed that, in general, the passion fruit seeds are photoblastic negative and exhibit physiological dormancy, being no need of seed scarification to stimulate its germination.

Desenvolvimento inicial da amburana (Amburana cearensis) em áreas de Cerrado degradado

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nitrogen (N) and the phosphorus (P) in seedlings of Amburana cearensis planted in areas occupied by Brachiaria decumbens, in an Oxisol, which originally had a Dense Savanna and in a Plinthic surrounding a Gallery Forest. We evaluated the response of A. cearensisgrowth and survival in the absence and doses of -1 10, 20 and 40 kg ha N, as urea and absence and doses of 10, 20 and -1 40 kg ha P, in the form of triple superphosphate in a randomized complete block design. We evaluated the stem diameter at four, eight and twelve months after planting. At the end of the first year were evaluated crown diameter and survival. According to the classification proposed in this study the growth of A. cearensis can be considered very slow in the Oxisol, regardless of fertilization, very slow when fertilized with N in the Plinthic and slow when fertilized with P. Despite the lower growth in Oxisol, the A. cearensis showed higher nutritional requirement there. The A. cearensis seedlings showed moderate nutritional requirement for N and high for P. In Plinthic, their nutritional requirement for P was moderate and total N present in the soil was sufficient to meet growth demand in this stage. This small nutritional requirement for N may be associated with its ability to nodulation.

Métodos de controle químicos e físicos de Marchantia polymorpha

Marchantia polymorpha develops under environmental conditions of high relative humidity and shading. As this habitat is the usually used in nurseries for the growth of seedlings of native tree species that species grows very quickly among developing tree seedlings and causes severe losses. This study was undertaken viewing more efficient either physical or chemical methods for the control of M. polymorpha. Two experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions. In the first acetic acid (10, 20, and 40% of concentration), oxygenated water (50 and 100%) and the herbicides glyphosate (1,680 g AI ha) and fomesafen (375 g AI ha-1 ) were applied to the seedlings. In the second, the treatments consisted of soil previously submitted to a temperature of 105 °C for 48 hours, soil submitted to solarization in black plastic and in transparent plastic bags for 30 days, preemergence application of diuron (1,750 g AI ha-1 ) and trifluralina (1,575 g AI ha-1 ). The visual evaluations of the methods were performed 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the application (DAA) and at 60 and 120 DAA, respectively, for the first and the second experiment. Only diuron and trifluralina resulted in a 100% control of M. polymorpha 120 DAA.

Desempenho operacional de transplante manual e mecanizado da cultura da alface

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da produção e concentração viral em pimentão infectado por tospovírus com o uso de piraclostrobina + metiram

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Síntese, caracterização e aplicação de hidrogéis nanoestruturados contendo nanoargila para melhorar a germinação e qualidade de muda de hortaliça

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Condicionamento de um subsolo exposto no cerrado por meio de resíduos e da revegetação

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Cultivo de Eucalyptus urograndis em atmosfera enriquecida com CO2: mudanças no proteoma cloroplastidial

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aplicação de polímero hidroretentor no desenvolvimento inicial de Eucalyptus grandis

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Aplicação de polímero hidroretentor no desenvolvimento inicial de Eucalyptus grandis

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Growth of seedlings Schizolobium amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) on substrate fertilized with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

The nutritional management of seedlings in the nursery is one of the most important practices that influence seedling quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the development of Schizolobium amazonicum seedlings grown in 250 cm(3) containers with a commercial substrate in the North of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications, each replication being represented by 24 seedlings. The treatments were: control (only commercial substrate); nitrogen fertilization (150 g m(-3) N using ammonium sulfate + 1.0 kg of ammonium sulfate dissolved in 100 L of water and applied in coverage); phosphorus fertilization (300 g P2O5 m(-3) using simple superphosphate); potassium fertilization (100 g m(-3) K2O using potassium chloride + 0.3 kg of potassium chloride dissolved in 100 L of water and applied in coverage) and; complete (a mixture of the three nutrients, 150, 300 and 100 g m(-3) N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively + 1.0 kg of ammonium sulfate + 0.3 kg of potassium chloride). The commercial substrate was composted milled pine bark plus vermiculite. Evaluations of the seedlings were performed at 90 days after sowing. The complete treatment (NPK) gave the highest values for biometric and best plant indices, which express the quality. When analyzing nutrients in isolation; potassium had the lowest effect. Based on these results it can be recommended to fertilize Schizolobium amazonicum seedlings in nurseries with 150, 300 and 100 g m(-3) of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively, plus 1.0 kg of sulfate ammonium and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride applied in coverage.

Agronomic characterization of banana mutants obtained by gamma radiation

Banana is one of the most economically important fruit, explored almost exclusively by small producers as a continuous source of food and income. Although Brazil is one of the main banana producers, the national banana production is undergoing serious problems especially in the phases of production and post-harvest limiting its participation in the international market. One of the main factors leading to great production losses is the toppling over due to the tall height of plants of main commercial cultivars. A strategy to solve this problem is reducing height by inducing mutation. The objective of the present work was to characterize irradiated Prata type banana mutants (cvs. Pacovan and Preciosa) during two production cycles in order to select short plants in height with good agronomic characteristics. In vitro plants of both cultivars were irradiated with gamma rays in the doses of 20 Gy ('Pacovan', 200 plants) and 30 Gy ( 'Preciosa', 200 plants) subcultivated four times and afterwards evaluated in the field during two production cycles. Four possible mutants were selected from each cultivar with height smaller than the average height of the controls after two evaluation cycles. It was observed that some of these mutants presented greater precocity and bunch weight compared to the controls. From the results obtained it is possible to select mutant plants with superior agronomic characteristics for 'Pacovan' as well as 'Preciosa' submitted to gamma radiation.

Ascensão capilar de água em substratos de coco e de pinus

O uso da irrigação por capilaridade na produção de mudas em viveiros pode trazer vantagens ao uso de água e sua utilização adequada requer o conhecimento da capacidade de ascensão de água no meio de crescimento das raízes, atributo pouco estudado. Para avaliar esta condição fundamental, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a ascensão de água em substratos comerciais de coco e pinus, em dois padrões de tamanho de partículas e em duas condições de umidade, para indicar aquele que possua as melhores características físicas para aplicação na irrigação por capilaridade. Utilizou-se o método de ascensão capilar, com colunas desmontáveis de anéis preenchidas com substratos, avaliando-se os seguintes tempos de contato do fundo da coluna com a lâmina de água: 0,25, 0,5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 e 24 horas, com 10 repetições por tempo testado. Pelos resultados, observou-se que a maior ascensão capilar acumulada em 24 horas de ensaio foi obtida para os substratos de textura fina de coco e de pinus. Além disso, a hidrofobia do substrato de coco seco recomenda que as irrigações nesse material devem ter frequências maiores que substratos de pinus, evitando seu secamento. O substrato de pinus, por não apresentar esse comportamento, deve ter turnos de rega mais espaçados, principalmente sob textura fina. Devido à sua maior retenção de água e capacidade de elevação de água quando umedecido, o substrato fino de coco é mais adequado à irrigação por capilaridade em recipientes como tubetes.