Dependência espacial da resistência do solo à penetração e do teor de água do solo sob cultivo contínuo de cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Variabilidade espacial de atributos químicos em latossolo e argissolos

O trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a variabilidade espacial de atributos químicos de Latossolos e Argissolos, sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar em áreas com variações na forma do relevo. No presente estudo utilizou-se duas áreas, sendo uma em Latossolo em pedoforma convexa (158ha) e a outra em Argissolo na pedoforma linear (172ha). Foi coletada amostra de solo em malha na profundidade de 0,00-0,50m, realizando-se análise química de cada ponto amostrado. Os maiores coeficientes de variação e alcances foram observados na pedoforma convexa (Latossolo). Portanto, o Latossolo inserido na pedoforma convexa apresentou maior variabilidade espacial para os atributos químicos em relação ao Argissolo na pedoforma linear. O latossolo inserido pedoforma convexa necessita de maior número de pontos de coleta por apresentar maior variabilidade espacial. Recomenda-se que o intervalo de amostragem seja igual ao alcance da dependência espacial, para associar menor esforço de amostragem com maior representatividade.

Atributos físicos de latossolo vermelho sob pousio ou cultivado com forrageiras tropicais sob pastejo

The objective was to study the physical attributes of an Oxisol under fallow or planted with tropical grasses under grazing. The experiment was conducted under the experimental design of randomized blocks in split-plot 2 x 5, being five types of use of soil (Brachiaria ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Aries, Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG5, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaca and fallow) and two evaluation periods (after the first and after the second grazing), with four replications. We evaluated the characteristics of soil bulk density, total porosity, microporosity and macroporosity, after the first and second grazing, and soil resistance to penetration after the second grazing. In layer of 0.00 to 0.10 m, the macroporosity was affected by the interaction between types of use and evaluation periods, while the microporosity and total porosity were reduced and the density was increased from first to second evaluation time. In the subsurface layer (0.10-0.20 m), there were significant effect only of evaluation time, on the macroporosity, total porosity and density. The porosity were reduced, while the density increased from first to second evaluation time. No significant effects of types of use of soil on penetration resistance in all layers studied. The maintenance of an Oxisol under fallow or cultivation with tropical grasses subjected to grazing cattle causes a reduction in total porosity and increased density of surface soil layers (0 to 0.10 m) and subsurface (0.10 - 0.20 m), without promoting changes on resistance to penetration mechanics.

Porosidade e infiltração de água do solo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo

Management systems affect soil structure, causing changes in porosity that can influence water infiltration into the soil. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different management systems on the porosity and water infiltration in Distroferric Red Nitosol with clay texture. The management systems were: conventional with disc plow + two soft harrowing, conventional with heavy disc harrow + two soft harrowing, no tillage and fallow. The following attributes: porosity, pore shape and water infiltration velocity into the soil were determined. Management systems such as no-tillage, conventional with disc plow and heavy disc harrow, and fallow modify the porosity and the shape of pores of a Distroferric Red Nitosol, influencing water infiltration, which was favored in no-tillage for the greater presence of elongated pores.

Variabilidade espacial de atributos físicos em um cambissolo háplico, sob diferentes usos na região sul do Amazonas

Considering the importance of knowledge of the spatial distribution of soil properties, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of physical properties in a Cambisolunder different land uses in the southern Amazon region. The study was conducted on three farms with cassava, sugarcane, and agroforestry, in the region of Humaitá, in the south of the State of Amazonas. In these areas, 70 x 70 m grids were established, with a regular spacing of 10 x 10 m and a total of 64 points, where soils were sampled at 0.0-0.10 m depth. Texture (sand, silt, and clay), macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, bulk density, and aggregate stabilitywere determined. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistics. It was found that the propertiesvaried spatially and that the range of these variations between land uses was different, with the highest variability for the sugarcane management.

Suscetibilidade magnética do solo e estimação da capacidade de suporte à aplicação de vinhaça

The objective of this work was to evaluate the magnetic susceptibility efficiency for estimating the support capacity of areas for vinasse application. Two hundred forty-one soil samples were collected from a 380-ha area, on which soil chemical properties, clay content, and magnetic susceptibility were determined. Vinasse requirement was calculated for each sample. Data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, and regression models were developed between magnetic susceptibility and the other evaluated attributes. The analysis of data spatial dependence was performed using geostatistics. Kriging maps and cross variograms were built in order to investigate the spatial correlation between soil magnetic susceptibility and studied attributes. Based on the map of vinasse requirement, on the soil classes, and on the kriging map, calculations were done for average vinasse dose and average soil support capacity, weighted by the area. Magnetic susceptibility has significant linear spatial correlation with recommended vinasse doses and soil support capacity for the application of this effluent, and it can be used as a pedotransfer function for indirect quantification of soil support capacity.

Influência de fragmentos florestais nativos sobre os parâmetros químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de solos cultivados com cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Carbono orgânico em função do uso do solo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Atributos químicos e bioquímicos em solos degradados por mineração em ecossistema amazônico em recuperação

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Atributos de latossolos e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em decorrência da diversificação de culturas no período de reforma do canavial

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Suscetibilidade magnética na identificação de compartimentos da paisagem e indicador de qualidade do solo em áreas sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Plantas daninhas, atributos biológicos e elementos-traço em latossolo tratado com lodo de esgoto por treze anos consecutivos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atributos químicos em solos tratados com lodo biológico de indústria de gelatina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atributos químicos e biológicos de solos sob diferentes ecossistemas e adicionados de material vegetal de soja

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos e químicos de argissolo sob diferentes usos e ocupação na Microbacia do Córrego Fazenda Glória, Taquaritinga – SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)