Concentrazione di potassio nelle bacche e valori di pH e zuccheri nel mosto della cv Cabernet Sauvignon innestata su diversi portinnesti nel Sud del Brasile.

In field conditions two experiments were carried out in 2000/2001 and 2001/2002, to evaluate potassium (K) content in berries, and pH and total soluble solid values in the must. The experiment 1 was carried on a Udorthent soil and the experiment 2 on a Haplumbrept soil, both at Southern Brazil, Bento Gonçalves city. The Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine was grafted on different rootstocks (Rupestris Du Lot, R. 99, R. 110, SO4, 420 A, 1103, 101-14 and 3309). At full ripening, berries were collected and potassium concentration (2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons), pH and total soluble solids (2001/2002 season) were determined. Rootstock didn?t affect potassium content of berries, and pH and total soluble solid values in the must.

Aplicação foliar de potássio e consequências na podridão parda (Monilinia fructicola) em pêssegueiros da cultivar 'Chimarrita'.

2011

Mineralogical changes caused by grape production in a regosol from subtropical Brazilian climate.

Purpose Inadequate soil use and management practices promote commonly negative impacts on the soil constituents and their properties, with consequences to ecosystems. As the soil mineralogy can be permanently altered due to soil use, this approach can be used as a tool to monitor the anthropogenic pressure. The objective of the present study was to assess the mineralogical alterations of a Brazilian regosol used for grape production for 40 years in comparison with a soil under natural vegetation (forest), aiming to discuss anthropogenic pressure on soils. Material and methods Soil samples were collected at depths of 0?0.20 and 0.20?0.40 m from vineyard production and natural vegetation sites. Physical and chemical parameters were analysed by classic approaches. Mineralogical analyses were carried out on <2 mm, silt and clay fractions. Clay minerals were estimated by the relative percentage of peak surface area of the X-ray patterns. Results and discussion Grape production reduced the organic matter content by 28% and the clay content by 23% resulting in a decreasing cation exchange capacity. A similar clay fraction was observed in both soils, containing kaolinite, illite/mica and vermiculite with hydroxy-Al polymers interlayered. Neither gibbsite nor chlorite was found. However, in the soil under native vegetation, the proportion of illite (79 %) was higher than vermiculite (21 %). Whereas, in the soil used for grape production during 40 years, the formation of vermiculite was promoted. Conclusions Grape production alters the proportions of soil constituents of the regosol, reducing clay fraction and organic matter contents, as well as promoting changes in the soil clay minerals with the formation of vermiculite to the detriment of illite, which suggests weathering acceleration and susceptibility to anthropogenic pressure. Recommendations and perspectives Ecosystems in tropical and subtropical climates can be more easily and permanently altered due to anthropogenic pressure, mainly as a consequence of a great magnitude of phenomena such as temperature amplitude and rainfall that occurs in these regions. This is more worrying when soils are located on steep grades with a high anthropogenic pressure, like regosols in Southern Brazil. Thus, this study suggests that changes in soil mineralogy can be used as an important tool to assess anthropogenic pressure in ecosystems and that soil quality maintenance should be a priority in sensible landscapes to maintain the ecosystem quality.

A importância das ações de promoção da saúde realizadas pelo enfermeiro na equipe de saúde da família

A promoção da saúde consiste nas atividades dirigidas à transformação dos comportamentos dos indivíduos, focando nos seus estilos de vida e promovendo uma modificação na sua maneira de pensar e agir. Os programas ou atividades de promoção da saúde tendem a concentrar-se em componentes educativos, primariamente relacionados com riscos comportamentais passíveis de mudanças. Os desafios para a promoção da saúde, particularmente junto à população, sem dúvida, são múltiplos, se levarmos em conta que os fatores que as colocam em situação de risco se originam nos diferentes níveis de seu contexto de vida, incluindo desde o micro sistema familiar até o macro sistema social, cultural, político e econômico. Constituiu objetivo deste trabalho investigar a produção científica e documental disponível sobre a importância do enfermeiro na promoção em saúde no Brasil, fornecendo subsídios para a prática em saúde coletiva. Trata-se de um trabalho descritivo do tipo revisão bibliográfica, onde foram consultados livros, artigos, teses, dissertações e publicações sobre o assunto. Concluiu-se que o enfermeiro deve realizar a promoção de saúde por meio de ações educativas na comunidade. O trabalho aponta para a necessidade da atuação direta do enfermeiro na promoção de saúde.