A poesia, a música e a performance da canção: alma minha gentil - um estudo de caso na obra de Glauco Velásquez

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

As peculiaridades na escrita pianística de Ronaldo Miranda: sugestões interpretativas e técnico-musicais

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Dedilhado pianístico e suas relações com princípios técnicos e musicais

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Pianeiros: dialogismo e polifonia no final do século XIX e início do século XX

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

As canções de Camargo Guarnieri e Suzanna de Campos: um estudo para a interpretação

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Lendas para cantar: Uma análise dialógica do discurso das canções amazônicas de Waldemar Henrique

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

Dixie Music Score - Accession 1398 - M690 (746)

This collection consists of an autographed copy of Herman F. Arnold’s “Dixie”. The music scale is inscribed with “At the request of Miss Minnie Parker the copy of Dixie is presented to Winthrop College [in 1923] by Prof. Herman F. Arnold + the score in 159 of + who wrote Dixie and was made the war tune of the south at the inauguration of Jefferson Davis Feb. 18th 1861 at Montgomery, Ala.” There is also a note stating that this score is “One of the Four Autograph Copies of the Score of Dixie.” Minnie Barker was curator of the Winthrop museum and the music score was displayed there until Tillman Science Building was razed in 1962 which housed the museum.

Dixie Music Score Collection - Accession 268 - M114 (146)

The “Dixie” Music Score Collection consists of two photographs of one of the four original autographed copies of the musical score Dixie which was presented to Winthrop College in 1923 by Professor Herman F. Arnold and a photograph of Professor Herman F. Arnold. The Dixie Score is inscribed "At the request of Miss Minnie Barker the copy of Dixie is presented to Winthrop College by Prof. Herman F. Arnold who wrote Dixie and was made the war tune of the south at the inauguration of Jefferson Davis Feb 18th 1861 at Montgomery, Ala." Minnie Barker was curator of the Winthrop museum and the music score was displayed there until Tillman Science Building was razed in 1962 which housed the museum. The collection also contains newspaper clippings and correspondence relating to the controversy surrounding Dixie and whether it is racially insensitive.

THE FLUTE MUSIC OF PAUL DESENNE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY OF REPRESENTATIVE WORKS

The significance of the works by Venezuelan-born composer Paul Desenne lies in his unique compositional style that incorporates elements of Latin American folk, pop, and traditional music within the framework of the Western European tradition. His works, though easily classified as art music, nevertheless gain much of their emotional and referential meaning through this rich borrowing. This document focuses on three of Desenne’s flute pieces: the Solo Flute Sonata (2001), Gurrufío for flute orchestra (1997), and Guasa Macabra for flute and clarinet (2003). It provides an analysis of the three works, examining formal, structural, motivic, and rhythmic aspects. Scores and interviews with the composer have been employed as primary sources. Bibliographical material closely related to his music and other secondary sources support this analytical approach. This document also provides an introduction and stylistic discussion of Desenne’s other pieces that incorporate the flute. Chapter one consists of an introduction to Desenne’s life and general considerations of his musical style. Each of the following three chapters focuses on one the three aforementioned flute works, including information about the composition and premiere of each piece as well as analysis and an examination of its incorporation of traditional folk elements. The final chapter presents an introduction to and stylistic discussion of the other flute pieces by this composer. This study intends to provide a basic understanding of Desenne’s flute music, including general characteristics of his musical style, paving the way for further investigation of Desenne’s music, and flute music in particular.

Johannes Driessler - Leben und Werk

Die vorliegende Arbeit über den Komponisten Johannes Driessler besteht aus einer Biographie, Werkanalysen und einem Werkverzeichnis inklusive Verlagsangaben. Johannes Driessler - geboren am 26. Januar 1921 in Friedrichsthal, gestorben am 4. Mai 1998 in Detmold - entfaltet, neben seiner pädagogischen Tätigkeit als Kompositionslehrer an der Nordwestdeutschen Musikakademie in Detmold, zwischen 1946 und 1971 ein reiches kompositorisches Schaffen. Sein Werk umfaßt geistliche und weltliche Chormusik - A-cappella-Werke, Kantaten, Oratorien, Opern, eine Messe - Liedkompositionen, Kammermusik, Klavier- und Orgelmusik, Orchesterwerke und Symphonien. Johannes Driesslers Werk ist in der geistlichen Musik verwurzelt, er entwickelt eine eigene Tonsprache: Die Gestaltung von Werken aus einer Grundidee, der Bogen, der Ostinato, das Kontrapunktische im Kanon, in der Fuge, in der Passacaglia und eine ungebundene Harmonik sind Elemente seines intellektuellen Kompositionsstils. Johannes Driesslers ureigenes Feld liegt im Vokalbereich. Hier gibt es hervorragende Werke wie zum Beispiel das erste Oratorium Dein Reich komme. Die zyklischen geistlichen Werke durch das Kirchenjahr sind wichtige Bausteine in den Gattungen Orgelmusik und Evangelienspruch im 20. Jahrhundert. Die frühe Kammermusik und die Opern des Komponisten sollten neu entdeckt werden. Auch die didaktisch wertvolle Musik in den Lehrwerken für Schüler und Studierende hat Bestand.

"Sleeping Princess" (1921) e "Baiser de la Fée" (1928): lesina e punteruolo di Stravinskij sulle musiche di Čajkovskij.

Igor Stravinskij (1882-1971) utilizzò di sovente fonti preesistenti come parte integrante del proprio artigianato compositivo. In questa tesi dottorale ho studiato il processo creativo di Stravinskij negli anni Venti sulle musiche di Pëtr Il'ič Čajkovskij (1840-1893). Nella prima parte della dissertazione ho indagato la Sleeping Princess (1921) e il successivo Mariage d’Aurore (1922-1929), entrambi allestiti dai Ballets russes di Sergej Djagilev (1872-1929). Dopo aver localizzato e contestualizzato le fonti manoscritte e i materiali d’uso, ho ricostruito le ri-orchestrazioni effettuate da Stravinskij della Danse russe (Coda del Pas de deux n. 28) e del Presto del Finale (n. 30), che erano a tutt’oggi inedite. La ricerca sulla Sleeping Princess si è rivelata fondamentale per la conseguente analisi del Baiser de la Fée (1928, Ballets de Mme Ida Rubinstein), balletto basato su pezzi pianistici e romanze per voce e pianoforte di Čajkovskij. Grazie allo studio dello Skizzenbuch VIII, della partitura pianistica manoscritta e di tutte le fonti rinvenute, ho gettato ulteriore luce sul processo compositivo di Stravinskij sulle fonti čajkovskiane. Ho rinvenuto nuove appropriazioni che finora non erano note.

More than Tunes in Your Head: Dynamic Aspects of Auditory Imagery for Music

Auditory imagery is more than just mental “replaying” of tunes in one’s head. I will review several studies that capture characteristics of complex and active imagery tasks, using both behavioral and neuroscience approaches. I use behavioral methods to capture people’s ability to make emotion judgments about both heard and imagined music in real time. My neuroimaging studies look at the neural correlates of encoding an imagined melody, anticipating an upcoming tune, and also imagining tunes backwards. Several studies show voxel-by-voxel correlates of neural activity with self-report of imagery vividness. These studies speak to the ways in which musical imagery allows us not just to remember music, but also how we use those memories to judge temporally changing aspects of the musical experience.

Auditory Imagery and the Poor-Pitch Singer

The vocal imitation of pitch by singing requires one to plan laryngeal movements on the basis of anticipated target pitch events. This process may rely on auditory imagery, which has been shown to activate motor planning areas. As such, we hypothesized that poor-pitch singing, although not typically associated with deficient pitch perception, may be associated with deficient auditory imagery. Participants vocally imitated simple pitch sequences by singing, discriminated pitch pairs on the basis of pitch height, and completed an auditory imagery self-report questionnaire (the Bucknell Auditory Imagery Scale). The percentage of trials participants sung in tune correlated significantly with self-reports of vividness for auditory imagery, although not with the ability to control auditory imagery. Pitch discrimination was not predicted by auditory imagery scores. The results thus support a link between auditory imagery and vocal imitation.

The Alexander Technique and musicians: a systematic review of controlled trials

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders, stress and performance anxiety are common in musicians. Therefore, some use the Alexander Technique (AT), a psycho-physical method that helps to release unnecessary muscle tension and re-educates non-beneficial movement patterns through intentional inhibition of unwanted habitual behaviours. According to a recent review AT sessions may be effective for chronic back pain. This review aimed to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of AT sessions on musicians' performance, anxiety, respiratory function and posture. METHODS: The following electronic databases were searched up to February 2014 for relevant publications: PUBMED, Google Scholar, CINAHL, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO and RILM. The search criteria were "Alexander Technique" AND "music*". References were searched, and experts and societies of AT or musicians' medicine contacted for further publications. RESULTS: 237 citations were assessed. 12 studies were included for further analysis, 5 of which were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 5 controlled but not randomised (CTs), and 2 mixed methods studies. Main outcome measures in RCTs and CTs were music performance, respiratory function, performance anxiety, body use and posture. Music performance was judged by external experts and found to be improved by AT in 1 of 3 RCTs; in 1 RCT comparing neurofeedback (NF) to AT, only NF caused improvements. Respiratory function was investigated in 2 RCTs, but not improved by AT training. Performance anxiety was mostly assessed by questionnaires and decreased by AT in 2 of 2 RCTs and in 2 of 2 CTs. CONCLUSIONS: A variety of outcome measures have been used to investigate the effectiveness of AT sessions in musicians. Evidence from RCTs and CTs suggests that AT sessions may improve performance anxiety in musicians. Effects on music performance, respiratory function and posture yet remain inconclusive. Future trials with well-established study designs are warranted to further and more reliably explore the potential of AT in the interest of musicians.

La arquitectura de José M. García de Paredes ideario de una obra

Acercarse a las obras de José M. García de Paredes, y mirarlas como un conjunto de ideas que nos indican una manera de pensar y de hacer arquitectura, nos explica un ideario que persiste en el tiempo. Tomando prestado el término “explicar” en el sentido que Stravinski le da en su Poética musical1: desplegar, desarrollar, describir una cosa, descubrir y aclarar su génesis, se comprueban las relaciones que cosas aparentemente dispersas tienen entre si, cómo se originan las obras para saber cómo determinan la arquitectura, una vez que ésta tiene vida propia y uso, pasado el tiempo. El motivo de esta tesis se encuentra en el orden, análisis y estudio de su archivo, realizado a partir del año 1990. García de Paredes, titulado en Madrid, fue arquitecto entre 1950 y 1990 y se inició en la arquitectura en un tiempo tan complejo como el actual. No fue un teórico de la arquitectura, si bien conoció en profundidad su teoría y dejó escritos y reflexiones sobre la manera de abordar el proyecto. Quizás no fue un arquitecto radicalmente innovador y sus obras son silenciosas, aunque muchas encierran planteamientos rotundos que permanecen voluntariamente en penumbra. Sin embargo sus obras son nítidas, tienen el valor de la coherencia y son valiosas por el conocimiento y por los valores que transmiten. Han cumplido su objetivo y ahora son parte de los lugares para los que se construyeron y parte de la vida de las personas para las que se proyectaron. En gran medida, poseen ya la pátina del tiempo. Su obra, no muy extensa, aúna ideas necesarias para abordar la práctica del proyecto y para llegar a ese voluntario resultado final en el que la arquitectura sea, además de una expresión personal, una actividad social capaz de hacer mejor la vida de las personas. Mirar la arquitectura de García de Paredes a través del estudio de todas las cuestiones que intervienen en ella y convertir su conocimiento en un instrumento útil de trabajo en el proyecto, es el objetivo de esta tesis. Así se analizan determinadas obras para exponer temas de antes y de ahora, ideas que son a la vez antiguas y contemporáneas. Este ideario sobre la arquitectura de García de Paredes no pertenece sólo a un tiempo, pues la bella utilidad social de la arquitectura y cómo llegar a ella a través del conocimiento y de la economía intelectual, sigue vigente. Y este objetivo tiene claramente una segunda lectura, pues al poner en valor el ideario de su obra, la presente tesis constituye tanto un homenaje como un agradecimiento al arquitecto. Sintetizar este ideario ha necesitado tanto del tiempo para organizar un archivo como de la práctica de la arquitectura para constatarlo. Durante una década, entre 1981 y 1990, trabajé en el estudio de José M. García de Paredes, con la mirada enfocada hacia los proyectos que entonces se desarrollaban en su estudio. En esos años, la música y las secciones de las salas de concierto llenaban las mesas de dibujo. En 1990, tras su inesperada marcha, me encontré con un legado de documentos que constituyen un fragmento de la arquitectura contemporánea española, que encierran la explicación de proyectos y planteamientos que son respuesta clara a la realidad de su momento. La preparación entonces de la documentación para las tres monografías sobre su obra me llevó a ordenar, clasificar y a documentar los fondos del estudio de manera sistemática y cronológicamente. Los documentos, conservados en archivadores y tubos sin numerar, desvelaban una obra en un momento en el cual el escenario de fondo del debate sobre arquitectura era ético. De manera casi artesanal y próximo de un grupo coherente de arquitectos, algunos vinculados también a las artes plásticas, García de Paredes utiliza los medios materiales a su alcance, interpretando la realidad de una forma personal, alejada de la frialdad del movimiento moderno estricto, con una voluntad de mejorarla y de prescindir de todo aquello que no fuera necesario. Las obras dan respuesta a esa realidad de tal manera que la transforman, como si de un “mágico realismo” se tratara. Estos documentos con olor a antiguo, más que narrar una historia, explican la manera en que se ha hecho esa historia, cómo las biografías y los acontecimientos se entrelazan para llegar al conocido resultado final. Y de un primer análisis, disponiéndolos a la vista de un mismo tiempo, va surgiendo otro interés que no es el de explicar su obra sino el de observar el proceso de trabajo de un arquitecto para desvelar un método de proyecto. Sobre el método de trabajo de un músico, Azorín se pregunta en su artículo “Vida imaginaria de Falla”: “Es fácil ver trabajar a un pintor, no es tan fácil ver enfrascado en su labor a un literato, aunque en las redacciones solamos ver cómo escribe un poeta que hace artículos para un periódico. ¿Pero cómo imaginamos a un músico en su tarea?. ¿Cómo escribe un músico?. ¿Es que siente de pronto un arrebato lírico y un poco desmelenado, los músicos deben llevar el pelo largo, se sienta al piano y comienza a tañer como una inspirada pitonisa?. ¿es que se levanta a media noche y, arrebatado por la inspiración y a la luz de la luna, si la hay, escribe febrilmente esas garrapatitas que vemos en los hilos telegráficos de la música?" Manuel de Falla en una carta le responde: “Nada de eso, mi querido amigo, mi trabajo de compositor no es tan misterioso como usted imagina: podría compararse al de un escritor que fuera a la vez arquitecto”. ¿Y cómo trabaja un arquitecto?. La complejidad del proceso arquitectónico nos presenta sin embargo resultados finales que sólo a través de una observación minuciosa permiten entrever el recorrido desde el pensamiento hasta la obra acabada. El escritor narra lo que ve o imagina y el arquitecto construye y da forma a esa realidad o a esos deseos y para ello debe mirar, escuchar y debe saber hacer. Analizar este proceso nos lleva inexorablemente a desvelar las claves que hacen valiosas determinadas arquitecturas. En junio de 1986 García de Paredes escribe el texto “Tres paisajes con arquitecturas”4. El texto describe tres paisajes culturales diferentes en distintos tiempos. El primero que describe es el Madrid neoclásico y el significado que tiene en este paisaje el Museo del Prado. El segundo paisaje se denomina “Alhambra versus Carlos V” y en él relata un delicado escenario donde se entrelazan distintas cuestiones relativas a la intervención en lugares históricos. En el tercer paisaje “Paisaje con Ruinas” tras describir las hermosas ruinas físicas del pasado concluye con una reflexión: “Hay ruinas y ruinas… Pero quizá no sean estas las verdaderas ruinas de nuestro tiempo. Qué clase de ruina producirá nuestra modesta arquitectura del siglo XX?. Nuestro legado no debería leerse en clave de piedras como las de otras épocas que no disponían de otro lenguaje que el de construir para los tiempos. Sin embargo es posible que surjan otras claves, quizá aún no bien conocidas, que sean para las generaciones futuras de tan clara lectura como la de este tercer Paisaje”. Encontrar esas claves contemporáneas, es el objeto de este paseo por las obras y escritos de García de Paredes. Mirar, suprimido el tiempo, los planos, dibujos, escritos, libros y fotografías del archivo del arquitecto, ordenando y comprendiendo los motivos que propiciaron cada obra, nos lleva a pensar que la arquitectura de cada momento es sólo un desplazamiento de los anteriores. Nada ahora es completamente distinto de lo que era entonces y la arquitectura de antes puede ser interpretada, más allá de aspectos formales, por otras generaciones, desdibujándose el tiempo donde pretendemos ordenarla. Este legado de claves conceptuales nos es útil ahora para conocer lo que permanece en la arquitectura pensando en cuestiones actuales a través de papeles antiguos. El legado de esa “modesta arquitectura” no se debe leer pues en clave de “piedras”, como expresaba García de Paredes. Gran parte de sus obras se construyen con materiales sencillos y la lectura de su valor no es directa. Sin embargo explican en qué momento la arquitectura pasa a ser un hecho capaz de transmitir intenciones ocultas y convertirse en una actividad social en sintonía con la realidad. Desvelar esta colección de ideas para enfocar cuestiones de arquitectura, en el convencimiento de que este ideario es tan válido hoy como entonces, nos acerca a ese utópico método de trabajo del arquitecto. En este ciclo abierto se han seleccionado determinadas obras que permiten plantear mejor las cuestiones que ilustran su razón de ser y así pues se suceden lugares y personas, números y geometrías, música, artes plásticas y arquitecturas. ABSTRACT Looking at the work of José M. García de Paredes as a set of ideas that outline a way of imagining and producing architecture, explains a vision that has persisted in time. Employing the word “explain” in the same sense as Stravinsky in his Poetics of Music: deploying, developing and describing something, discovering and clarifying its origins as a way of observing the relationships between things and the way designs originate in order to understand how they determine the architecture, once it has a life and use of its own after time has passed. This thesis is based on an analysis of the archives of José M. Garcia de Paredes, which began in 1990. After graduating from the Madrid School in 1950 —an equally complex time as today— he continued to practise architecture until 1990. He was not an architectural theorist but he had a deep understanding of theory and left essays and ideas on the way to tackle projects. Although he may not have been a radically innovative architect and his work may seem subdued, much of it embodies categorical approaches, which are deliberately overshadowed. Nevertheless, his work is sharp, consistent and is valuable for the knowledge and values it transmits. It has served its purpose, it now forms part of the places for which it was built and has become part of the lives of the people it was designed for. To a large extent, his buildings already show the patina of time. While not large in number, they bring together the ideas needed to put a project into practice and arrive at an end result in which the architecture is also a personal expression, a social activity that makes life better for people. The discourse takes a new look at the architecture of Garcia de Paredes through an analysis of all the issues involved in order to turn the resulting knowledge into a useful tool for project work. It therefore now, ideas that are old but at the same time contemporary. This vision time. The beautiful social utility of his architecture and the way he arrived at it through knowledge and intellectual economy still remain valid. The synthesis of this vision has required much time to organize the archive and also a professional architectural practice to put it into perspective. The preserved documents reveal a body of work that was designed at a time when ethics shaped the underlying scenario of the Relación de architectural debate. The architect used the material resources at his disposal in an almost craftsman-like way, in the company of a congruent group of architects. He interpreted reality in a personal way, removed from the coldness of the strict Modern Movement, striving to improve it and strip off anything that was unnecessary. His buildings responded to their context in such a way that transformed it, as if they were “magical realism”. Another line of analysis emerged from an initial analysis, with all the documents in view at the same time: not to explain his work but rather to study the design process of an architect in order to discover a method. In 1986, García de Paredes wrote “Three landscapes with architectures”, which describes three cultural landscapes in different times. After describing the beauty of the physical ruins of the past, the third landscape, “Landscape with Ruins”, concludes with this observation: “There are ruins and ruins ... But these might not be the real ruins of our time. What kind of ruin will be produced by our modest 20th century architecture? Our legacy should not be interpreted in the key of mere stones, like those of past eras which had access to no other language than construction for all times. Other keys, perhaps not yet familiar, may well emerge and be as legible for future generations as this third Landscape”. This tour of the work and writings of Garcia de Paredes is aimed at discovering these contemporary keys. The legacy of such keys can now help us to know what endures in architecture; thinking about current issues through the perspective of old papers. Having set aside the time factor, looking at the drawings, essays, books and photographs from the architect’s archives, organising and understanding the reasons that gave rise to each work, I now believe that the architecture of each moment is only previous work that has been shifted. Nothing is completely different now from what it was back then. The architecture of the past can be interpreted by other generations, looking beyond the aspects of form, blurring the time factor when we want to order it. For this purpose I have selected particular works that permit a better enunciation of the issues that illustrate their rationale, hence the succession of places and people, numbers and geometries, music, art and architectures.