The Civil War in Southern Sudan and Its Effect on Youth and Children

The Civil War in Sudan, which began in June 1983, has caused a numbers of social, cultural and economical problems for Sudan. Many social changes took place, not only in the southern Sudan, where the war has been fought since its inception, but also in the Sudanese Nation as a whole. In this contribution, I would like to give a short summary about the effect of the war on the Sudanese society, in general, and on youth and children, in particular. This is important, because youth and children are the future of every nation. Because the youth and children in southern Sudan are gravely affected by the current war, this article will specifically address these effects. Youth and children in the North of the country are, however, almost equally affected by the conflict. After discussing historical background of Sudan and its political and developmental condition, I will briefly summarize the social situation and the role of social work in Sudan during and after the conflict.

Ich' war einmal. Zu literaturwissenschaftlichen Problemhorizonten bei Subjektivität in Texten

Dieser Einführungsbeitrag versucht, literaturwissenschaftliche Problemhorizonte bei der Auseinandersetzung mit Subjektivität in Texten zu thematisieren, wie sie sich für diese Disziplin in den letzten Jahrzehnten ergeben haben. Dafür werden zum einen grundsätzliche hermeneutische 'Schwierigkeiten mit dem Ich' ins Feld geführt. Zum anderen wird versucht zu zeigen, inwiefern auch forschungs- oder disziplinsystematische Grunddispositionen und Fragestellungen zumindest für eine 'Literaturwissenschaft in einem engeren Sinn' den Umgang mit dem textuellen 'Ich' deutlich weniger populär gemacht haben als in der Geschichtswissenschaft. - Trotz einer solchermaßen in zwei Hinsichten postulierten Distanz der Literaturwissenschaft kann jedoch konzediert werden, dass jüngste literaturwissenschaftliche Positionen, etwa zur 'Rückkehr des Autors' oder zur Literaturwissenschaft als anthropologischer Disziplin, aber auch eine ständige praktische Transgression der Literaturwissenschaft hin zu genuin biographischen oder kulturgeschichtlichen Interessen die hier skizzierte Maximalskepsis immer wieder relativieren.

Pastoralists at War: Violence and Security in the Kenya-Sudan-Uganda Border Region

The majority of those living in the border region of Kenya, Sudan, and Uganda are pastoralists, whose livelihoods are dictated by the upkeep and size of their herds. Harsh environmental conditions force pastoralists to migrate in search of water and pasturelands during the dry season. With limited access to water and competing rights to land, inter-tribal conflict arises when pastoralists from one tribe enter the territory of another. The increased availability of small arms in the region from past wars increasingly makes ordinary clashes fatal. Governments in the region have responded with heavy-handed coercive disarmament operations. These have led to distrust and subsequent violent clashes between communities and security providers. This report reviews the scale, consequences of, and responses to the many pastoral conflicts, utilizing methodological tools such as key informant interviews, retrospective analy¬sis, and a thorough review of available literature.

Clausewitz’s “Wondrous Trinity” as a Coordinate System of War and Violent Conflict

Rather than discarding Clausewitz’s theory of war in response to the revolutionary changes in modern warfare, this article articulates a broader theory of war based on his concept of the “wondrous trinity,” identifying it as his true legacy. The author shows that the concept of trinitarian war attributed to Clausewitz by his critics, which seems to be applicable only to wars between states, is a caricature of Clausewitz’s theory. He goes on to develop Clausewitz’s theory that war is composed of the three tendencies of violence/force, fighting, and the affiliation of the combatants to a warring community. Each war can be analyzed as being composed of these three tendencies and their opposites.