A Semi-Empirical Equation of Penetration Depth on Concrete Target Impacted by Ogive-Nose Projectiles

In this paper, the penetration process of ogive-nose projectiles into the semi-infinite concrete target is investigated by the dimensional analysis method and FEM simulation. With the dimensional analysis, main non-dimensional parameters which control the penetration depth are obtained with some reasonable hypothesis. Then, a new semi-empirical equation is present based on the original work of Forrestal et al., has only two non-dimensional combined variables with definite physical meanings. To verify this equation, prediction results are compared with experiments in a wide variation region of velocity. Then, a commercial FEM code, LS-DYNA, is used to simulate the complex penetration process, that also show the novel semi-empirical equation is reasonable for determining the penetration depth in a concrete target.

A Multimoment Finite-Volume Shallow-Water Model On The Yin-Yang Overset Spherical Grid

A numerical model for shallow-water equations has been built and tested on the Yin-Yang overset spherical grid. A high-order multimoment finite-volume method is used for the spatial discretization in which two kinds of so-called moments of the physical field [i.e., the volume integrated average ( VIA) and the point value (PV)] are treated as the model variables and updated separately in time. In the present model, the PV is computed by the semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian formulation, whereas the VIA is predicted in time via a flux-based finite-volume method and is numerically conserved on each component grid. The concept of including an extra moment (i.e., the volume-integrated value) to enforce the numerical conservativeness provides a general methodology and applies to the existing semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian formulations. Based on both VIA and PV, the high-order interpolation reconstruction can only be done over a single grid cell, which then minimizes the overlapping zone between the Yin and Yang components and effectively reduces the numerical errors introduced in the interpolation required to communicate the data between the two components. The present model completely gets around the singularity and grid convergence in the polar regions of the conventional longitude-latitude grid. Being an issue demanding further investigation, the high-order interpolation across the overlapping region of the Yin-Yang grid in the current model does not rigorously guarantee the numerical conservativeness. Nevertheless, these numerical tests show that the global conservation error in the present model is negligibly small. The model has competitive accuracy and efficiency.

The “Centre for Child Protection” of the Gregorian University/Rome. First experiences, results and reflections in setting up a global e-learning-program for the prevention of sexual abuse of minors

Resumen: El Centro para la Protección Infantil ha sido fundado en cooperación con el Instituto de Psicología de la Universidad Gregoriana (Roma, Italia), el Departamento para la Psiquiatría/Psicoterapia Infantil y Adolescente del Hospital de la Universidad de Ulm (Alemania) y la Arquidiócesis de Múnich (Alemania). Su tarea principal es la creación de un centro global de entrenamiento e-learning para profesiones de pastoral que respondan al abuso sexual de los menores, tomando en consideración asuntos multilingüísticos e interculturales. Dentro de tres años el Centro desarrollado e implementado un programa e-learning en cuatro lenguas. Ocho socios del proyecto internacional asumen un papel en el reclutamiento de participantes y en la evaluación en curso del programa. En esta fase, personas-test son incluidas en el desarrollo y la evaluación del programa, como parte de la formación (en curso) de sacerdotes y de otros coagentes de pastoral

La comunicación de la verdad global a la persona con una enfermedad incurable: qué, cómo y por qué decirlo

Resumen: El encuentro de salud se da entre un ser humano doliente, que busca ayuda, y otro con capacidad técnica, que está en disposición de prestársela. La calidad de la comunicación influye en el paciente afectando la mejor comprensión de los problemas, en la adherencia terapéutica y en los resultados. Finalmente, es una herramienta básica para expresar en la práctica asistencial la información global al paciente, adaptando los conocimientos sanitarios a las características y contexto de cada uno. En la relación asistencial es tanto o más importante que lo que se dice el modo y la ocasión en que se dice. Sólo de esta forma el profesional de la salud estará preparado para comunicar una verdad global.

Shallow Water Model On Cubed-Sphere By Multi-Moment Finite Volume Method

A global numerical model for shallow water flows on the cubed-sphere grid is proposed in this paper. The model is constructed by using the constrained interpolation profile/multi-moment finite volume method (CIP/MM FVM). Two kinds of moments, i.e. the point value (PV) and the volume-integrated average (VIA) are defined and independently updated in the present model by different numerical formulations. The Lax-Friedrichs upwind splitting is used to update the PV moment in terms of a derivative Riemann problem, and a finite volume formulation derived by integrating the governing equations over each mesh element is used to predict the VIA moment. The cubed-sphere grid is applied to get around the polar singularity and to obtain uniform grid spacing for a spherical geometry. Highly localized reconstruction in CIP/MM FVM is well suited for the cubed-sphere grid, especially in dealing with the discontinuity in the coordinates between different patches. The mass conservation is completely achieved over the whole globe. The numerical model has been verified by Williamson's standard test set for shallow water equation model on sphere. The results reveal that the present model is competitive to most existing ones. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Hacia un estado mundial de derecho global?

Como aclaración previa quiero señalar que cuando hablemos de Estado de Derecho en esta disertación nos limitaremos al Estado de Derecho liberal moderno, no porque sea el único modelo de Estado de Derecho, ni el mejor, sino porque es el que se ha impuesto a partir de la modernidad. Por supuesto que existieron otras realidades políticas que se dieron a lo largo de la historia, como ser la ciudad antigua o polis, los reinos y los imperios que, por otra parte, constituyen elementos indispensables en la formación de la cultura occidental. Sin duda van a surgir ineludibles comparaciones, pero por una cuestión metodológica nos limitaremos a la realidad política y jurídica moderna. Estado de Derecho que se origina en los procesos revolucionarios de los siglos XVII y XVIII que se dan en los Estados Nacionales surgidos en la modernidad, proceso más moderado en su versión inglesa y luego americana, mientras que más radical en la versión francesa. Actualmente, el fenómeno de la globalización o mundialización en el que estamos inmersos sirve de contexto para plantearnos la aporía sobre el futuro del Estado de Derecho: ¿vamos hacia un Estado Mundial por encima o en sustitución de los Estados Nacionales?, ¿vamos hacia un Derecho Global por encima o en sustitución de los Derechos Nacionales? Intentando dar una respuesta a estos interrogantes (no sé si lo lograré) voy a dividir la exposición en dos partes claramente diferenciadas: 1) un análisis fáctico puramente descriptivo del cuadro de situación actual y de sus antecedentes, sin entrar en valoraciones; 2) un análisis teórico de las distintas interpretaciones y justificaciones de esa realidad fáctica, dentro de las cuales analizaremos especialmente la Doctrina Social de la Iglesia. Finalmente, terminaré con algunas reflexiones personales sobre el tema en cuestión...

Semi-weight function method on computation of stress intensity factors in dissimilar materials

Semi-weight function method is developed to solve the plane problem of two bonded dissimilar materials containing a crack along the bond. From equilibrium equation, stress and strain relationship, conditions of continuity across interface and free crack surface, the stress and displacement fields were obtained. The eigenvalue of these fields is lambda. Semi-weight functions were obtained as virtual displacement and stress fields with eigenvalue-lambda. Integral expression of fracture parameters, K-I and K-II, were obtained from reciprocal work theorem with semi-weight functions and approximate displacement and stress values on any integral path around crack tip. The calculation results of applications show that the semi-weight function method is a simple, convenient and high precision calculation method.

Semi-gas kinetics model for performance modeling of flowing chemical oxygen-iodine lasers (COIL)

A semi-gas kinetics (SGK) model for performance analyses of flowing chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) is presented. In this model, the oxygen-iodine reaction gas flow is treated as a continuous medium, and the effect of thermal motions of particles of different laser energy levels on the performances of the COIL is included and the velocity distribution function equations are solved by using the double-parameter perturbational method. For a premixed flow, effects of different chemical reaction systems, different gain saturation models and temperature, pressure, yield of excited oxygen, iodine concentration and frequency-shift on the performances of the COIL are computed, and the calculated output power agrees well with the experimental data. The results indicate that the power extraction of the SGK model considering 21 reactions is close to those when only the reversible pumping reaction is considered, while different gain saturation models and adjustable parameters greatly affect the output power, the optimal threshold gain range, and the length of power extraction.