The San Jose scale in Japan.

Prepared by S. I. Kuwana, A.M., with the assistance of Messrs. S. Onuki and S. Hori, entomologists of the Agricultural experiment station, Nishigahara, Tokyo.

The paper industry and printing in Japan.

Mode of access: Internet.

Japan in transition; a comparative study of the progress, policy, and methods of the Japanese since their war with China.

Mode of access: Internet.

What Japan wants,

Mode of access: Internet.

Over Japan way.

Mode of access: Internet.

The import tariff of Japan

Mode of access: Internet.

日本に於けるタウンセンド ハリス君の事蹟 :The record of Townsend Harris in Japan

Mode of access: Internet.

農業関係重要品輸出入累年対照表 Trade returns of merchandise relating to agriculture in Japan 1916

Mode of access: Internet.

大正三年度 地方財政概要 Extracts from local finance of japan

Mode of access: Internet.

大正七年蚕糸類及真綿表 Annual report of raw silk and floss silk 1918/ prepared by the Department of Agriculture and Commerce, Japan

Mode of access: Internet.

特許局第十五次統計年表 The Fifteenth statistical report of the Imperial Patent Office, Japan 1931

Mode of access: Internet.

化学工業統計年報 Statistics of chemical industry in Japan 1954

Mode of access: Internet.

日本標準工具型録 The Japan standard small tool catalogue

Mode of access: Internet.

The ornamental arts of Japan /

Some of the plates are chromolithographs, photoaquatints or carbon prints.

Mixed-Member Electoral Systems in Constitutional Context : Taiwan, Japan, and Beyond /

After the electoral reform in 1994, Japan saw a gradual evolution from a multi-party system toward a two-party system over the course of five House of Representatives election cycles. In contrast, after Taiwan’s constitutional amendment in 2005, a two-party system emerged in the first post-reform legislative election in 2008. Critically, however, Taiwan’s president is directly elected while Japan���s prime minister is indirectly elected. The contributors conclude that the higher the payoffs of holding the executive office and the greater degree of cross-district coordination required to win it, the stronger the incentives for elites to form and stay in the major parties. In such a context, a country will move rapidly toward a two-party system. In Part II, the contributors apply this theoretical logic to other countries with mixed-member systems to demonstrate its generality. They find the effect of executive competition on legislative electoral rules in countries as disparate as Thailand, the Philippines, New Zealand, Bolivia, and Russia. The findings presented in this book have important implications for political reform. Often, reformers are motivated by high hopes of solving some political problems and enhancing the quality of democracy. But, as this group of scholars demonstrates, electoral reform alone is not a panacea. Whether and to what extent it achieves the advocated goals depends not only on the specification of new electoral rules per se but also on the political context—and especially the constitutional framework—within which such rules are embedded.