A concepção de ciência de Popper e o ensino de ciências

Procurou-se identificar as consequências mais importantes da concepção de ciência de Popper, que deu origem a um rico debate na Filosofia das Ciências, para o Ensino de Ciências. O acompanhamento deste debate permite perceber a riqueza do processo científico, reconhecendo as contribuições daqueles que debateram com Popper; bem como a importância dos aspectos da ciência que Popper valorizou e procurou preservar. As críticas e os debates em torno das abordagens de mudança conceitual contribuíram para a percepção da riqueza e complexidade desse processo. Quando considerados os objetivos institucionais das escolas e as expectativas sociais em torno da compreensão adequada e da procura de superação dos paradigmas vigentes a manutenção de certos aspectos, inerentes ao processo de mudança conceitual, pode se mostrar relevante. Neste sentido, a obra de Popper pode oferecer importante apoio para valorizar aspectos racionais que poderiam presidir o processo de aprender Ciências.

Tramas do impedimento: os sentidos da desistência entre Alfabetizandos da EJA

For young people and adults that have not yet conquered reading and writing, being literate is the most important thing in life , a dream . Scholarly learning for them is like hegemonic knowledge in contemporary literate society. Thus, for them to get into school is to be able to have such knowledge and, through it, feel inserted into this society. However, along this process of learning, they start to drop out, little by little, statistically increasing the number of people who give up on young people and adult education Eja, as well as slowly reducing the contingent of illiteracy in the country. With this reality as a starting point, we question the concrete and symbolic reasons or motives that lead to a dropping out of the literacy classes at Eja. To do so, we have established, as the object of our study, the feelings of giving up among those involved in young people and adult literacy training. To understand such feelings is our purpose in this investigation. The theory of Social Representations (MOSCOVICI, 1978, 2004) was the theoretical-methodological option for subsidizing data search, analyses and interpretation, making us perceive the significance of the object of this study for these individuals. The gathering of such symbolic content involved the use of semi-structured interviews with eleven drop-outs and ten students who had repeated this modality of teaching in public schools in Natal, RN, during the 2006 school year. From the thematic and categorical analyses (BARDIN, 1977), we identified elements that gave support to some themes. Later, these themes led to three categories, suggesting that feelings associated with dropping out were based on the following: learning difficulties because they did not understand the contents; having their lack of knowledge exposed, thus bringing forth feelings of shame, humiliation, and embarrassment for not knowing how to read and write at a mature age; work, tiredness and sickness. The students who manage to remain in school are those who force themselves to live with the feelings of maladaptation and those who develop a sense of adaptation the other way round to the institution, that is, acceptance of institutional failures and omissions

Professoras e projetos: concepções e práticas no ensino fundamental

The discussion we have established in this study is about how the practice is developing educational projects based on work with because the methodological choice of the teacher. The study of an ethnographic qualitative approach was conducted with a group of six teachers in two public schools in School Administrative Zone north of the city of Natal / RN. Data were constructed from semi-structured, reinforced by the direct observation of the practice of teaching of teachers. The goals outlined were to identify the reasons why the option for the project, listing the benchmarks that subsidized their construction, the observation of everyday experience in educational planning and development of projects developed. In the light of information we can notice a complex and even contradictory, which is confusing the concepts and practices are weakened. The analysis revealed inconsistencies between theory and practice in working with projects, the fruit of little theoretical development of teachers. The adoption of the project as a methodological option has meant a change in direction of the effective action didactic. Reflects on this situation, it was concluded that there is a need to broaden the understanding of the significance of this type of work, covering the different dimensions that involve the practice of research, research and training of teachers. Even preventing the intentions and initiatives of the teachers, it must be emphasized is the process of learning within an approach that focuses the process of learning in multiple dimensions, inter-relational, both the capabilities of students in the areas of knowledge.

A prática pedagógica de professores de alunos com transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperativadade

This study is inserted at the Line of Strategical Research of Thinking and Knowledge production which scientific projects about the relation of thinking and knowledge production are realized. The accomplishment of this dissertation involved an empiric research at a school of the municipal district of Natal RN. Our purpose was to investigate the practice of the staff working with students who present Disabilities and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity (DADH) at regular classes due to the organization of thinking in pedagogical strategies. The object of this study is presented at the center of the questions which involves the conscious analysis of the problems and needs that emerge at the school. Considering the specialty of the theme, we choose a methodology whose focus is the dialogue and the sharing of meanings with the partners of this research through the observation of the activities developed at class/school and interviews/conversations with six teachers of first and second cycles of primary education. According with the study, some theoretician presumptions of Mr. Freire (2001), Mr. Nóvoa (1995), Mr. Bohm (2005) and son on. The results reveled at the research indicate the fragility of a continuous formation directed to the development of critical-reflexive thinking of the teachers.The teachers revel conceptions due to formation, pedagogical practices and the relation with the parents and coordinators, through their performances and speeches, allowing us to identify some pedagogical strategies used. We identified some negative response about the process of learning-developing of these pedagogical strategies such as the one we call unconcern . The strategy of sitting the student at the front row chairs can have positive and negative responses depending on the way the teacher act and follow the student. Other strategies identified as positive response bringers at the learning-developing process and that should be reinforced by the staff are the playful and the group assignments . At this perspective, the school needs to develop a collective project between the pedagogical team and teachers to overcome the needs of all students, and as a consequence, of the staff and improve the positive strategies, minimizing the negative ones and allowing the organizations of new strategies that promotes the improvement of learning-teaching process of the students with DADH

O projeto politico pedagógico de enfermagem e o sistema único de saúde: a visão de discentes

This research aims to analyze, in the view of students, the pedagogic project of undergraduate nursing course, of UFRN, and its articulation with the SUS, in an attempt to understand the issues that permeate the teaching and learning of nursing. This is a qualitative study that used the focus group technique as a tool to collect empirical data. There were three meetings, where we had the collaboration of 23 graduating students from the eighth period of the semester 2009.1. For the analysis of information, we use a theoretical framework based on curriculum guidelines and basic principles of the SUS, making the analogy of the results with the metaphor of Greek mythology, Ariadne's thread, in dialogue with authors who discuss education as a transformative practice. Thus, the texture of the yarn was built of five thematic fields: joint the pedagogic project with the SUS; the teaching/service and theory/practice relation; interdisciplinarity or transdisciplinarity; didactic/methodological and relational approaches; and co-participation of students in the pedagogic project. According to the discussions, we find many difficulties in the teaching and learning process of undergraduate nursing in UFRN to strengthen the SUS, including: dislocation of educational institutions with services, professionals, managers and community; dichotomy between theory and practice; reality of services as a learning field and working process in health; posture adopted by professionals, teachers and other subjects included in the process of health education; decontextualization and fragmentation of teaching with the practice in health and nursing; excessive use of very illustrative methodologies, but little problem-solving; difficult and precarious situation in the relations between teachers and between teachers/students, regarding the acceptance of differences; absence of participation of students in the evaluation process and conduct of the educational project in progress. In this sense, we understand the need an auto-reflexive act of teaching and conducting collective pedagogical course with a view to achieving the SUS. Thus, it is necessary to support practices motivated by the polyphonic dialogue and the exercise of symbiosis and autopoiesis of subjects/actors jointly responsible for the ongoing process of learning for life.

Gestão do Conhecimento baseado na análise de GAP de competências: Um estudo de caso do DETRAN-RN

The Knowledge Management in organizations is a continuous process of learning that is given by the integration of data, information and the ability of people to use this information. The Management Skills is concerned to understand the powers of officials in the face of organizational skills (teams) and professionals (or tasks positions) want. Joints are located in the greater context of the economy of organizatio s and have the same assumption: that the possession of scarce resources, valuable and difficult to imitate gives the organization a competitive advantage. In this sense, this thesis proposes a model of knowledge management based on analysis of GAP of powers, namely the gap between the skills needed to reach the expected performance and skills already available in the organization, officials and trainees of Coordination of Registration of conductors of DETRAN-RN. Using the method of survey research could make an analysis of academic skills, techniques and emotional individual and a team of officials and trainees, identifying levels of GAP's competence in that sector of the organization and suggest a plan for training , A level of expertise for each sector of coordination, and propose a model for Knowledge Management to help the management of GAP's identified

Rendeiras da Vila de Ponta Negra Natal/RN: o ensino da renda de bilro e do desenho como alternativa de continuidade da produção artesanal tradicional

This paper analyzes the development of Bobbin Lace and Design workshops, in the neighborhood of Vila de Ponta Negra (in Natal - RN, Brazil), which proposed contents and practices for its learning and teaching that would compose a possible model for a hybrid Workshop of Bobbin Lace and Lace Design. This research was based on Ergonomic Work Analysis, a methodology used by Ergonomics to analyze work in a wide approach, considering cognitive, social, organizational, as well as other aspects which are relevant to the study of the working situation, in terms of learning/teaching, as addressed on this paper. Some steps of the above mentioned methodology were followed in order to understand the activity of Bobbin Lace craftswomen, by means of bibliographical research centered on this activity. The instruments used for collecting data comprise of conversational actions, analysis of collective work, and spontaneous as well as provoked verbalizations. The adaptations performed in the process of learning/teaching Bobbin Lace for the achievement of Bobbin Lace and Design workshops became instrumental for the continuity of that tradition, attracting new apprentices to this art/craft causing to revitalize a network of handicraft economical activities linked to the Bobbin Lace production, such as the making of cushion, bobbins and trestles

O papel da leitura nas aulas de inglês: uma análise segundo a percepção dos professores do ensino médio de escolas públicas estaduais de Natal

This dissertation aims at investigating the teachers beliefs about the role of the reading ability in English at public state high schools in Natal and identifying the social value of the process of learning English for students of a foreign language. From the understanding of studies on reading, both in the field of Cognitive Psychology, as in Gibson & Levin (1975), as in the area of Psycholinguistics, as in Goodman (1970) and Del Re (2006), We researched the teachers perceptions about the skills and competencies that should permeate their educational practices, through their knowledge about theories of language acquisition as Cognitivism (Piaget, 1961) and Social Interactionism (Vygotsky, 1979) and the official documents (PCNEM, 1999; PCN+, 2002 ) that are the parameters for teaching a foreign language. We took into consideration other factors that influence the choice of the goals and the objectives to be worked out, such as: intensity of teachers workload, number of classes and students per class for each teacher, materials and technologies available, among other factors that will play an important role in the choice of the appropriate methodologies. To conduct a case study, two questionnaires were used in the construction of direct interviews with fourteen English teachers in twenty schools. According to data on the teachers beliefs we could find that for them the reading ability does not seem to have an special treatment in the teaching of a foreign language due to factors that undermine this process and therefore make teachers do not realize the real objectives of teaching English at public state high schools in Natal. As a consequence, the current process of education complicates the formation of autonomous learners capable of fighting for a social transformation

Dimensão educativa do trabalho: estudo de caso da associação de bordadeiras do Seridó ABS- Caicó/ Rio Grande do Norte

This current work s contains issues about the educative dimension of work and its organization s process and managing for it own professionals. It aims to understand how the skills and pedagogic process, in a educative praxis perspective. Are based in a new culture of work of education process an work managing by workers in Handcraft Association of Serido/ Caicó/ RN. It uses as a methodologic-theoric reference cases s study approach, selecting the procedures of part extructure interview. It was done with six embroidereses from the Handcraft Association. The research shows that the educative process of learning and knowledges construction, in the work and by the work. Those processes develop in exchange experiences net in a friendly economic environment and raise elements of a work culture personal that work there. The embroidereses learn how to embroid doing the job and this learning, a lot of times, is influenced by the life conditions, residence local and infantile work in the country area and the living to the urban area, particularly to Caicó. The knowledge relation between them is the matter fact in the embroider learning process that means a social relation based on the knowledge differences between their position in its structure involving the work division, that each handcraft maker knows every part of the embroider, type of work or machine type, step by step until the work is done. It involves decision, execution and machine movements repetition, the focus are the categories that fit in current flexible financial issue. They schedule the work at home so they have time to do other stuff. Most part of the production currently is done to obey de a certain request that aims as production target, being a homework. Another important issue is the embroider work time: time and experience that is within in the professional life and its knowledge representation of job/profession. This time is got as a acquisition process of certain a work dominion and self knowing; time added to changes that were being there practicing from the new characteristics in the furniture, clothes and towels that are in the introduction communicative and its effect. In this way this work include articulations process among skills, educative process and handcraft work organization that allowed the interpretation and finish, that are related to the case study and its developments: handcraft embroidered considered as a profession, money source not conventional where is not work available and a temporary activity while studyng, homework and flexible work

O estudo das funções quadráticas e sua relação com o cotidiano

Across the centuries, Mathematics - exact science as it is - has become a determining role in the life of man, which forms to use suprir needs of their daily lives. With this trajectory, is characterized the importance of science as an instrument of recovery not only conteudstica, but also a mathematician to know that leads the apprentice to be a dynamic process of learning ecient, able to find solutions to their real problems. However, it is necessary to understand that mathematical knowledge today requires a new view of those who deal directly with the teaching-learning process, as it is for them - Teachers of Mathematics - desmistificarem the version that mathematics, worked in the classroom, causes difficulties for the understanding of students. On this view, we tried to find this work a methodology that helps students better understand the Quadratic functions and its applications in daily life. Making use of knowledge Ethnomathematics, contextualizing the problems relating to the content and at the same time handling the software GeoGebra, aiming a better view of the behavior of graphs of functions cited

Aprendizagem de relações ordinais por meio de treino de uma única sequência de estímulos

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a formação de classes ordinais a partir do ensino de uma única sequência de estímulos sob controle da numerosidade. Participaram cinco crianças na faixa etária de 4 a 5 anos. Os estímulos foram formas abstratas referentes à numerosidade de 1 a 5. Usou-se um procedimento de ensino por sobreposição de estímulos. Todos os participantes alcançaram o critério de acerto na linha de base. Nos testes de transitividade e conectividade, os cincos participantes responderam prontamente. Houve generalização para duas novas classes ordinais. Nos testes de manutenção três participantes apresentaram responder consistente e um dos participantes respondeu parcialmente. Este estudo é uma contribuição para o estabelecimento de uma análise funcional da aprendizagem de repertórios numéricos.

Uma história íntima do desenho: sobre experiências de formação do desenho & dos desenhistas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O uso da mídia e a presença dos gêneros textuais no processo ensino-aprendizagem: uma análise do material didático - cadernos do aluno e do professor - de língua portuguesa do estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Necessidades formativas e estratégias de formação contínua de professores: observação e análise de um programa de formação de professores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O uso de textos alternativos para o ensino de Ciências e a formação inicial de professores de Ciências

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)