Adsorção de fósforo em frações argila na presença de ácido fúlvico

Os ácidos orgânicos podem ser adsorvidos aos coloides do solo, favorecendo maior disponibilidade de P às plantas. Por meio de isotermas, avaliou-se a influência de ácido fúlvico (AF) sobre a adsorção de P na fração argila de dois Latossolos Vermelhos (LVdf e LVd), caulinita natural pouco cristalizada (KGa2), goethita (Gt) e hematita (Hm) sintéticas. As isotermas de adsorção de P ajustadas pelo modelo de Langmuir na presença de AF foram adequadas somente para a região de baixa concentração de P. De maneira geral, a presença de AF incubado nas frações argila estudadas foi capaz de reduzir a adsorção de P. Na fração argila do LVdf, a adsorção de P em baixas e altas concentrações desse nutriente teve pequena influência da sequência de incubação de P com AF, enquanto para a fração argila do LVd as sequências de incubação com P e AF influenciaram a adsorção de P. A redução da adsorção de P sobre a fração argila da KGa2 em baixas concentrações de P nas isotermas não dependeu da sequência de incubação de P e AF, e sim da presença do AF. Na região de altas concentrações de P, a sequência de incubação de P e AF influenciou a adsorção desse elemento. A adsorção de P sobre Gt foi dependente da sequência de incubação com AF, e a incubação prévia do AF promoveu redução da adsorção de P. A sequência de incubação do P e AF na Hm influenciou a adsorção de P quando em baixas e altas concentrações nas isotermas. Os menores valores de adsorção de P ocorreram com a incubação de P juntamente ao AF ou incubação de AF precedida da do P.

Le elezioni cantonali ticinesi del 2011. Partecipazione e orientamento di voto fra lealtà, defezione, protesta.

Cette étude scientifique, basée sur une enquête post-électorale (N=1285), vise à analyser le cas des élections du gouvernement et du parlement du Canton du Tessin qui se sont déroulées en avril 2011. Celles-ci constituent un vrai tournant dans l'histoire électorale tessinoise. D'un côté, le taux de participation a été le plus bas depuis 1920 ; d'autre part, la Lega dei ticinesi est devenu le premier parti au Conseil d'Etat avec 2 sièges sur 5. Afin d'analyser les représentations du vote, la participation ainsi que la décision de vote (choix du parti, bulletin sans dénomination du parti, déplacement de votes), nous nous sommes inspirés de la triade conceptuelle de A. O. Hirschman (loyauté, défection et prise de parole). Les résultats montrent que ce vote tessinois ne doit pas être interprété exclusivement en termes de déclin de la loyauté (par rapport à l'acte de vote et aux partis traditionnels), comme augmentation de la défection ou "prise de parole". Au contraire, mais comme une articulation complexe de ces phénomènes.

Distribution and vertical stratification of carbon and nitrogen in soil under different managements in the pampean region of Argentina

One of the expected benefits of no-tillage systems is a higher rate of soil C sequestration. However, higher C retention in soil is not always apparent when no-tillage is applied, due e.g., to substantial differences in soil type and initial C content. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of no-tillage management to increase the stock of total organic C in soils of the Pampas region in Argentina. Forty crop fields under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems and seven undisturbed soils were sampled. Total organic C, total N, their fractions and stratification ratios and the C storage capacity of the soils under different managements were assessed in samples to a depth of 30 cm, in three layers (0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm). The differences between the C pools of the undisturbed and cultivated soils were significant (p < 0.05) and most pronounced in the top (0-5 cm) soil layer, with more active C near the soil surface (undisturbed > no-tillage > conventional tillage). Based on the stratification ratio of the labile C pool (0-5/5-15 cm), the untilled were separated from conventionally tilled areas. Much of the variation in potentially mineralizable C was explained by this active C fraction (R² = 0.61) and by total organic C (R² = 0.67). No-till soils did not accumulate more organic C than conventionally tilled soils in the 0-30 cm layer, but there was substantial stratification of total and active C pools at no till sites. If the C stratification ratio is really an indicator of soil quality, then the C storage potential of no-tillage would be greater than in conventional tillage, at least in the surface layers. Particulate organic C and potentially mineralizable C may be useful to evaluate variations in topsoil organic matter.

Threshold effects on heavy quark production in gamma gamma interactions

The exchange of gluons between heavy quarks produced in e+e- interactions results in an enhancement of their production near threshold. We study QCD threshold effects in collisions. The results are relevant to heavy quark production by beamstrahlung and laser backscattering in future linear collider experiments. Detailed predictions for top-, bottom-, and charm-quark production are presented.

Rutas cinematográficas hacia la imagen platónica de la caverna

El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar la posibilidad de llegar también a la imagen platónica de l caverna desde el cine. En este sentido se puede hablar de referencias explícitas como en el caso de El conformista de B. Bertolucci o Shadowlands de R. Attenborough, si se tienen presentes las Crónicas de Narnia de C. S. Lewis- o The Picture of Dorian Gray -si se tiene presenta la novela de Oscar Wilde-, pero, en otras ocasiones, pese a que la influencia platónica no pueda ser demostrada, por ejemplo en The Truman Show, A Room with a View o Brideshead Revisited, podemos servirnos perfectamente de estas películas para guiar al público contemporáneo hacia aquella imagen platónica, ya que el mismo platón demuestra que se trata de una imagen aplicable y, en primer lugar, a su filosofía idealista.

Cinema Roads to the Platonic Image of the Cave

The aim of this article is to prove the real possibility of travelling intellectually to the Platonic image of the cave from different films. In this sense, one can speak of explicit references as in The Conformist by B. Bertolucci or in Shadowlands by R. Attenborough -if one bears in mind the Chronicles of Narnia by C. S. Lewis- or The Picture of Dorian Gray ¿if one bears in mind the well-known O. Wilde¿s novel-, but, on other occasions, although the Platonic influence cannot be proved, for instance in The Truman Show, A Room with a View or Brideshead Revisited, one can perfectly think of these films in order to guide the contemporary audiences to that Platonic image, since Plato himself affirms that it deals with an image which can be easily applied and, in first place, to his idealistic philosophy.