Produção biogênica de sulfetos por micro-organismos redutores de sulfato em amostras salinas da indústria do petróleo

A produção de H2S (sulfeto de hidrogênio) é um dos principais problemas na indústria do petróleo, sendo esta uma das causas da corrosão de tanques de estocagem e tubulações. Essa produção é possibilitada devido à injeção de água do mar durante o processo de recuperação secundária do petróleo, onde alguns micro-organismos presentes nessa água, tais como as bactérias anaeróbias heterotróficas totais (BANHT) e as bactérias redutoras de sulfato (BRS), que promovem a redução do sulfato a sulfeto. Atualmente, o método de quantificação destes micro-organismos é a técnica do Número Mais Provável (NMP) que estima o resultado em aproximadamente 28 dias. No presente trabalho foi utilizada a metodologia da produção semi-contínua de sulfeto biogênico pelo período de 15 dias, com o intuito de correlacionar com os resultados das quantificações de BANHT e BRS através da técnica convencional do NMP. Foram analisadas amostras de diferentes procedências da indústria do petróleo, apresentando variação na salinidade de 0 a 16 g.L-1. O objetivo deste procedimento foi avaliar as velocidades específicas e instantâneas de produção de H2S, sugerindo, desta forma, quais amostras apresentam maior potencial para a produção biogênica de sulfeto e em quais condições essa produção se dá. Observou-se que em todas as amostras a geração do H2S se dá de forma crescente até a estabilização desta produção, sendo esta obtida quase sempre em seis dias (144h) do crescimento microbiano. A produção do sulfeto biogênico se deu de forma mais intensa nas amostras do fundo de tanque de estocagem de óleo e da água de formação. A quantificação das BANHT e das BRS foram avaliadas pelo método do NMP de acordo com a tabela de Harrigan, a qual subestima a população microbiana, desconsiderando erros provenientes da técnica

Développement et validation de méthodes de dosage du midazolam, un marqueur de l'activité des CYP3A, et de la fexofénadine, un substrat de la glycoprotéine P, dans les milieux biologiques

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Una aproximación teórico-práctica para el costeo de cápitas de paquetes de salud

Metodología para la estimación de cápitas de planes de salud. Se propone un método de cuantificación de insumos a emplear, la estimación de costos indirectos asociados a las intervenciones y un método de anualización para los costos fijos que generalmente trascienden en su vida útil al período de duración de una cápita. Finalmente, a través de un ejercicio práctico de estimación de la cápita del Componente de Salud del Programa Oportunidades de México se ilustra la aplicación del desarrollo metodológico expuesto en la parte inicial.

Determinação de fármacos diuréticos em associação por cromatografia em camada delgada e espectrofotometria

A rapid, sensitive and reliable thin-layer chromatography/spectrophotometry screening procedure was developed for quantitative determination of diuretics associated in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The chromatographic method employed microcrystalline cellulose and butanol : acetic acid : water (4:1:1) or amilic alcohol : ammonium hydroxide 25% (9:1) as mobile phases and detection by U.V. light. The drugs were extracted using a simple procedure and were quantified by U.V. spectrophotometry. Results varied from 97.5 to 102.5% and are similar to those obtained by conventional methods. This method of quantification of diuretics is promising for quality control of drugs.

Desenvolvimento e atividade do fitocosmético contendo licopeno para o combate à aceleração do envelhecimento cutâneo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento de um método de análise por injeção em fluxo (FIA) para determinação de dissulfeto de tetrametiltiuram (tiram) utilizando reagente imobilizado em reator de fase sólida (RFS)

Pós-graduação em Química - IBILCE

Estabilidade, polimorfismo, dissolução e correlação in vivo-in vitro de Darunavir comprimidos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de sistemas líquido-cristalinos para aplicação tópica de metotrexato: estudos de liberação, retenção e permeação in vitro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Peptídeos cíclicos hepatotóxicos: MALDI-TOF como uma ferramenta analítica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A simple bioanalytical method for the quantification of antiepileptic drugs in dried blood spots

An increasing number of publications on the dried blood spot (DBS) sampling approach for the quantification of drugs and metabolites have been spurred on by the inherent advantages of this sampling technique. In the present research, a selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method for the concurrent determination of multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) [levetiracetam (LVT), lamotrigine (LTG), phenobarbital (PHB)], carbamazepine (CBZ) and its active metabolite carbamazepine-10,11 epoxide (CBZE)] in a single DBS has been developed and validated. Whole blood was spotted onto Guthrie cards and dried. Using a standard punch (6. mm diameter), a circular disc was punched from the card and extracted with methanol: acetonitrile (3:1, v/v) containing hexobarbital (Internal Standard) and sonicated prior to evaporation. The extract was then dissolved in water and vortex mixed before undergoing solid phase extraction using HLB cartridges. Chromatographic separation of the AEDs was achieved using Waters XBridge™ C18 column with a gradient system. The developed method was linear over the concentration ranges studied with r=0.995 for all compounds. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) were 2, 1, 2, 0.5 and 1. µg/mL for LVT, LTG, PHB, CBZE and CBZ, respectively. Accuracy (%RE) and precision (%CV) values for within and between day were

An HPLC-UV method for the quantification of zidovudine in rat plasma

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Method validation using weighted linear regression models for quantification of UV filters in water samples

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Development of a rapid column-switching LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of THCCOOH and THCCOOH-glucuronide in whole blood for assessing cannabis consumption frequency

The concentration of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) in whole blood is used as a parameter for assessing the consumption behavior of cannabis consumers. The blood level of THCCOOH-glucuronide might provide additional information about the frequency of cannabis use. To verify this assumption, a column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the rapid and direct quantification of free and glucuronidated THCCOOH in human whole blood was newly developed. The method comprised protein precipitation, followed by injection of the processed sample onto a trapping column and subsequent gradient elution to an analytical column for separation and detection. The total LC run time was 4.5 min. Detection of the analytes was accomplished by electrospray ionization in positive ion mode and selected reaction monitoring using a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method was fully validated by evaluating the following parameters: linearity, lower limit of quantification, accuracy and imprecision, selectivity, extraction efficiency, matrix effect, carry-over, dilution integrity, analyte stability, and re-injection reproducibility. All acceptance criteria were analyzed and the predefined criteria met. Linearity ranged from 5.0 to 500 μg/L for both analytes. The method was successfully applied to whole blood samples from a large collective of cannabis consumers, demonstrating its applicability in the forensic field.

A simple bioanalytical method for the quantification of antiepileptic drugs in dried blood spots

An increasing number of publications on the dried blood spot (DBS) sampling approach for the quantification of drugs and metabolites have been spurred on by the inherent advantages of this sampling technique. In the present research, a selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method for the concurrent determination of multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) [levetiracetam (LVT), lamotrigine (LTG), phenobarbital (PHB)], carbamazepine (CBZ) and its active metabolite carbamazepine-10,11 epoxide (CBZE)] in a single DBS has been developed and validated. Whole blood was spotted onto Guthrie cards and dried. Using a standard punch (6 mm diameter), a circular disc was punched from the card and extracted with methanol: acetonitrile (3:1, v/v) containing hexobarbital (Internal Standard) and sonicated prior to evaporation. The extract was then dissolved in water and vortex mixed before undergoing solid phase extraction using HLB cartridges. Chromatographic separation of the AEDs was achieved using Waters XBridge™ C18 column with a gradient system. The developed method was linear over the concentration ranges studied with r ≥ 0.995 for all compounds. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) were 2, 1, 2, 0.5 and 1 μg/mL for LVT, LTG, PHB, CBZE and CBZ, respectively. Accuracy (%RE) and precision (%CV) values for within and between day were <20% at the LLOQs and <15% at all other concentrations tested. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of the AEDs in DBS samples taken from children with epilepsy for the assessment of their adherence to prescribed treatments.

Development of a method to measure upper eyelid pressure on the cornea

Purpose: The cornea is known to be susceptible to forces exerted by eyelids. There have been previous attempts to quantify eyelid pressure but the reliability of the results is unclear. The purpose of this study was to develop a technique using piezoresistive pressure sensors to measure upper eyelid pressure on the cornea. Methods: The technique was based on the use of thin (0.18 mm) tactile piezoresistive pressure sensors, which generate a signal related to the applied pressure. A range of factors that influence the response of this pressure sensor were investigated along with the optimal method of placing the sensor in the eye. Results: Curvature of the pressure sensor was found to impart force, so the sensor needed to remain flat during measurements. A large rigid contact lens was designed to have a flat region to which the sensor was attached. To stabilise the contact lens during measurement, an apparatus was designed to hold and position the sensor and contact lens combination on the eye. A calibration system was designed to apply even pressure to the sensor when attached to the contact lens, so the raw digital output could be converted to actual pressure units. Conclusions: Several novel procedures were developed to use tactile sensors to measure eyelid pressure. The quantification of eyelid pressure has a number of applications including eyelid reconstructive surgery and the design of soft and rigid contact lenses.