Donut-Shaped Fingerprint In Homologous Polypeptide Relationships-A Topological Feature Related To Pathogenic Structural Changes In Conformational Disease

Features of homologous relationship of proteins can provide us a general picture of protein universe, assist protein design and analysis, and further our comprehension of the evolution of organisms. Here we carried Out a Study of the evolution Of protein molecules by investigating homologous relationships among residue segments. The motive was to identify detailed topological features of homologous relationships for short residue segments in the whole protein universe. Based on the data of a large number of non-redundant Proteins, the universe of non-membrane polypeptide was analyzed by considering both residue mutations and structural conservation. By connecting homologous segments with edges, we obtained a homologous relationship network of the whole universe of short residue segments, which we named the graph of polypeptide relationships (GPR). Since the network is extremely complicated for topological transitions, to obtain an in-depth understanding, only subgraphs composed of vital nodes of the GPR were analyzed. Such analysis of vital subgraphs of the GPR revealed a donut-shaped fingerprint. Utilization of this topological feature revealed the switch sites (where the beginning of exposure Of previously hidden "hot spots" of fibril-forming happens, in consequence a further opportunity for protein aggregation is Provided; 188-202) of the conformational conversion of the normal alpha-helix-rich prion protein PrPC to the beta-sheet-rich PrPSc that is thought to be responsible for a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Efforts in analyzing other proteins related to various conformational diseases are also introduced. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hacia el encuentro de mi anthropos: la muerte, dinamo estructural de la vida

559 p. - Sobresaliente cum laudem por unanimidad. La presidenta del tribunal hace la petición al departamento, en el acto de calificación de la defensa, de publicación de esta tesis por considerarla de interés científico.

Harnessing the fishery potential of man-made lakes for the partial commercialisation of Niger River Basin Development Authority, Minna, Nigeria

Niger River Basin Development Authority Minna (NRBDA) is one of the eleven river basins in Nigeria now undergoing transition towards partial commercialisation. In the light of this the need to be self-sustaining through exploration and exploitation of every possible areas along their operation to yield revenue cannot be over-emphasized. Therefore it is most pertinent to consider fisheries activities along their water bodies as one of the major sources of revenue by organising the local fishermen operating along the water into cooperative bodies and made to pay for fishing rights. Strategies to accomplish this objective is highlighted. The need to embark on aquaculture projects by construction of fish ponds at suitable sites along the reservoirs and developing the recreational potentials of their water bodies as sources of revenue is also stressed

Absorption of food in the black-jaw tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron (Ruppell) from a small tropical man-made lake in Ibadan, Nigeria

The carbohydrate, protein and lipid contents of the food ingested and their absorption in the intestine of Sarotherodon melanotheron inhabiting Awba lake in Ibadan, Nigeria, were investigated. Total carbohydrates of the ingested food ranged from 39.33 to 55.38% (mean = 48.70% while total protein and total lipid ranged from 10.10 to 17.13% (mean = 12.91%) and 7.79 to 8.96% (mean = 8.28%) dry weight, respectively. Calculated total percentages absorbed were 54.86-62.01 (mean 58.07) carbohydrates 47.33-54.06 (mean = 50.43) protein and 43.27-52.23% (mean 46.56) lipid. Absorption of protein and carbohydrate occurred mostly in the fore-gut (the first one-third of the intestine), while lipid was mostly absorbed in the mid-gut (the second one-third of the intestine). Dietary carbohydrate, protein and lipid contents of the food as well as the absorptive capacity of the intestine for these components of the food varied with size of fish

Evaluation of woman fisherfolks involvement in fisheries activities in Kainji Lake basin

The extent of rural women fisherfolks contribution to fisheries was grossly under estimated and certainly under valued. The basis of their involvement in fisheries activities is to make themselves equal partners to men productive and self reliant participants in the process of improving their own and their family living standard and to enable them realize their full potentials. This survey is informed a system of data collection with the aid of questionnaires and analysis. Ninety-six of the questionnaires were administered to women fisher folks in eight fishing communities selected at random. Thirty seven (97) percent of the women fisher folks are between the ages of 25-35 years, 59.4% of them can only read and write in Arabic language and 21.9% only are literature in western education, which is a general characteristic of the rural population in Nigeria. 24.0% of the respondents are in full time fishing activities while 65-5% are fishmongers. They belong to cooperative societies but only 26% indicated to have benefited from loan and credit facilities. 84.4% of the respondents are sustained by the business. The major problems facing women fisherfolks includes poor market price, fish spoilage, high transport cost and lack of access to loan and credit facilities and extension assistance. Solution to these problems will increase their status benefit and development

Alleviating poverty and enhancing food security through fish production in man-made lakes

Man-made lakes inhabit diverse species of which the fish fauna constitutes the most targeted species of exploitation. For man-made lakes to serve as means of alleviating poverty an enhancing food security through increased fish production in Nigeria, sound management of the lake is strongly recommended. It will include the maintenance of good water quality, stocking with good species, control of over fishing, conservation of extinction and declining species as well as adequate legislation to regulate fishing activities. Recreational and tourism facilities can also be incorporated along with fish production in these man-made lakes to provide additional income and revenue for individual and Government. Some other practical ways by which these water bodies can be improved for effective and sustainable fish production as well as alleviating poverty was discussed

Familias monoparentales: satisfacción vital en madres jóvenes inmigrantes

[SPA] Conocer el bienestar psicológico subjetivo y satisfacción vital de quienes asumen la responsabilidad de las familias monoparentales mejora la acción educativa, ayudando a prevenir situaciones de riesgo y exclusión social. Este trabajo presenta el análisis de la satisfacción vital expresada por un grupo de madres jóvenes inmigrantes al frente de familias monomarentales usuarias del Programa Beregain de la Fundación Itaka-Escolapios (Bilbao). Se realizaron entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas a las madres que integran la muestra. El análisis e interpretación de datos se llevaron a cabo conforme a una metodología cualitativa, específicamente el estudio de casos. Los resultados revelaron la escasa satisfacción en ciertos ámbitos vitales relacionados con las relaciones interpersonales, el ocio, la conciliación del cuidado de sus hijos/as con la propia formación, y la imposibilidad de hacer frente a los gastos económicos sin la ayuda que reciben por parte de la fundación.

Time and tide wait for no man: pioneers and laggards in the deployment of CCS

19 p.

Sequence-function relationships in E. coli transcriptional regulation

Understanding how transcriptional regulatory sequence maps to regulatory function remains a difficult problem in regulatory biology. Given a particular DNA sequence for a bacterial promoter region, we would like to be able to say which transcription factors bind there, how strongly they bind, and whether they interact with each other and/or RNA polymerase, with the ultimate objective of integrating knowledge of these parameters into a prediction of gene expression levels. The theoretical framework of statistical thermodynamics provides a useful framework for doing so, enabling us to predict how gene expression levels depend on transcription factor binding energies and concentrations. We used thermodynamic models, coupled with models of the sequence-dependent binding energies of transcription factors and RNAP, to construct a genotype to phenotype map for the level of repression exhibited by the lac promoter, and tested it experimentally using a set of promoter variants from E. coli strains isolated from different natural environments. For this work, we sought to ``reverse engineer'' naturally occurring promoter sequences to understand how variations in promoter sequence affects gene expression. The natural inverse of this approach is to ``forward engineer'' promoter sequences to obtain targeted levels of gene expression. We used a high precision model of RNAP-DNA sequence dependent binding energy, coupled with a thermodynamic model relating binding energy to gene expression, to predictively design and verify a suite of synthetic E. coli promoters whose expression varied over nearly three orders of magnitude.

However, although thermodynamic models enable predictions of mean levels of gene expression, it has become evident that cell-to-cell variability or ``noise'' in gene expression can also play a biologically important role. In order to address this aspect of gene regulation, we developed models based on the chemical master equation framework and used them to explore the noise properties of a number of common E. coli regulatory motifs; these properties included the dependence of the noise on parameters such as transcription factor binding strength and copy number. We then performed experiments in which these parameters were systematically varied and measured the level of variability using mRNA FISH. The results showed a clear dependence of the noise on these parameters, in accord with model predictions.

Finally, one shortcoming of the preceding modeling frameworks is that their applicability is largely limited to systems that are already well-characterized, such as the lac promoter. Motivated by this fact, we used a high throughput promoter mutagenesis assay called Sort-Seq to explore the completely uncharacterized transcriptional regulatory DNA of the E. coli mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL). We identified several candidate transcription factor binding sites, and work is continuing to identify the associated proteins.

Limnological aspects of three man-made lakes in Sri Lanka

An investigation was undertaken to study the physicochemical characteristics, phytoplankton and fish fauna of three major deep lakes on the River Mahaweli: Kotmale, Victoria and Randenigala. These lakes were created mainly for hydroelectric purposes during the period 1984 to 1986. In all three lakes, thermoclines were present during most months of the year, but did not appear to be very stable. They tended to disappear during January - February but were well established in August - November. Fifteen species of blue-green algae were identified as well as 27 desmid species and 25 non-desmid green algae. Melosira granulata and M. undulata were the dominant diatom species. The family Cyprinidae dominated the fish fauna by number of species, but by biomass the exotic cichlids (tilapias) were dominant.

The lakes of Michoacan (Mexico): A brief history and alternative point of view

This article is intended to open a discussion about the historical development of lakes Zirahuen, Patzcuaro and Cuitzeo in the state of Michoacan, and the postulated relationships between lake ecology and evolution. Dr Fernando De Buen was the first man dedicated to limnology in Mexico who came to the country in the 1930s. He was adviser at the Estacion Limnologica de Patzcuaro and wrote outstanding papers dealing with Mexican lakes. The lakes of Michoacan probably formed in the late Pliocene or Holocene, and were part of a tributary to the Lerma River, which became isolated by successive volanic barriers to form lake basins. Lake Zirahuen is a warm monomictic waterbody with unique water dynamics amongst the Michoacan lakes. Because it is relatively deep (max depth 40m), seasonal patterns of alternating circulation and thermal stratification develop in the lake, a feature not shared by the other two polymictic shallow lakes, Patzcuaro and Cuitzeo.

Investigations of certain eco-physiological characteristics of the broad and long-pincered crayfish in connection with their interspecific relationships. [Translation from: Lietuvas TSR Mokslu Akademijos Darbai, C Serija 2(40), 279-286, 1966.]

The results are described of eco-physiological investigations of the broad-pincered (Astacus astacus L.J.) crayfish and the long-pincered (Astacus astacus Esch.) crayfish, conducted in 1963—64 in the Institute of Zoology and Parasitology of the Academy of Science of the Lithuanian SSR, for the purpose of studying the interspecific relationship of these two species. In the course of the investigation were determined: the influence of the temperature of the environment on the consumption of oxygen by full grown individuals of both species and on the respiratory movements of the scaphognathites, the threshold temperatures and the saturation of the water by oxygen, the diel activity in the winter period.

Relação da violência na gestação e o processo de abortamento: uma perspectiva da gestante

O estudo tem como objeto as relações estabelecidas pela mulher entre o processo de abortamento e as situações de violência vivenciadas durante a gestação. A violência e o aborto caracterizam-se por serem temáticas de grande complexidade, envolvendo questões interdisciplinares de gênero, saúde, saúde reprodutiva, religião, movimentos sociais, ética e direitos humanos. No aprofundamento do objeto de estudo, traçamos os seguintes objetivos: identificar os tipos de situações de violência vivenciados, durante a gravidez, pela mulher em processo de abortamento; descrever a vivência de violência sob a ótica da gestante em processo de abortamento e analisar as relações estabelecidas pela gestante em processo de abortamento e a ocorrência de situações de violência na gestação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que teve como sujeitos 15 mulheres com o diagnóstico de abortamento, internadas em maternidades públicas da cidade de Niterói/Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados foi iniciada com a busca nos prontuários do diagnóstico e, posteriormente, foram realizadas entrevistas com roteiro semi-estruturado, gravadas atendendo à legislação vigente acerca das diretrizes de pesquisas com seres humanos. Na análise dos dados utilizamos a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados demonstraram a visão ampliada da mulher sobre a violência, sendo de gênero e psicológica as mais apontadas. O aborto foi indicado como uma das manifestações de violência contra a mulher, tanto nos processos espontâneos como nos induzidos. Esse fenômeno, assim como o da violência, é permeado por determinantes sociais, éticas, morais e religiosas. Quando espontâneo, pode ser visto como um fracasso da mulher diante de sua capacidade vital de ser mãe gerando culpa e derrota diante de companheiros e familiares, além da possibilidade de ser vista como pecadora e/ou criminosa, em decorrência do princípio social, religioso e legal do aborto como crime, acarretando o desgaste psicológico. As relações estabelecidas pelas mulheres acerca da violência na gestação e o processo de abortamento versaram basicamente sobre os dilemas vivenciados nas gestações indesejadas; sobre o cotidiano feminino nos espaços públicos e privados, refletidos em conflitos; o excesso da dupla jornada de trabalho; e sobre a violência institucional perpetuada pelos serviços de saúde, principalmente na busca por uma assistência digna e humanizada nas unidades de emergência.

Caminhos contemporâneos Cortázar e outros destruidores de bússolas

A presente tese se ocupa de uma vertente da literatura e do cinema contemporâneos, especialmente do escritor Julio Cortázar e do cineasta David Lynch, que: busca um novo tratamento para a realidade, não esconde os artifícios discursivos das obras, joga com estratégias ilusionistas e antiilusionistas, debate a própria ficção por meio de recursos metaficcionais, que se utiliza da metáfora do teatro como espaço diferenciado e como palco de ilusões e que trabalha com a questão do fantástico (ou absurdo). Grande parte do trabalho é dedicada ao estudo da obra do escritor argentino Julio Cortázar. Estudo esse que se constrói a partir das correspondências entre as produções ficcionais e teóricas de Cortázar, além de suas próprias entrevistas. Cortázar é nosso foco principal e dele, acreditamos, brotou um veio dos mais significativos na narrativa contemporânea, que estabelece novos modos de se lidar com a representação e com as referências. É devido a esses aspectos, apontados anteriormente, que estabelecemos relações com outros autores, inclusive do cinema, como é o caso de David Lynch

Fighting the Strai(gh)tjacket: black women bonding in Loving Her and The Color Purple

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como as relações lésbicas são retratadas nas obras Loving Her e The Color Purple. Ao analisar as relações entre homens/mulheres e mulheres/mulheres, este estudo também revê e critica o golpe triplo sofrido por lésbicas negras, por serem, ao mesmo tempo, mulheres, afro-americanas e homossexuais. Utilizando fatos históricos para situar as obras em um contexto social, além da teoria do lesbian continuum afim de atestar a riqueza e diversidade do laço afetivo entre mulheres, este trabalho vem por desmistificar as noções simplistas em relação à literatura lésbica Afro-Americana, afugentando a sombra que pairava sobre o tabu e elevando a mulher negra, lésbica ou não, a seu lugar de direito na sociedade