Classical segmentation methods on novel MR imaging: a study of brain tissue segmentation of MP2RAGE vs MPRAGE

MP2RAGE has proven to be a bias-free MR acquisition with excellent contrast between grey and white matter. We investigated the ability of three state-of-the-art algorithms to automatically extract white matter (WM), grey matter (GM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from MPRAGE and MP2RAGE images: unified Segmentation (S) in SPM82 , its extension New Segment (NS), and an in-house Expectation-Maximization Markov Random Field tissue classification3 (EM-MRF) with Graph Cut (GC) optimization4 . Our goal is to quantify the differences between MPRAGE and MP2RAGE-based brain tissue probability maps.

El aplauso, y la aceptacion ... que logro ... la experiencia que por direccion de Mr. Bouch se executó ... con la elevacion de un globo de papel, por medio de rarefaccion o dilatacion del ayre ...

Tít. tomado de principio de texto

Tiré du Cabinet de Mr. le Brun [Material gráfico]

Resumen: Descripción: vista general de paisaje arbolado

The history of England from the revolution to the commencement of the present administration : [Texto impreso] written in continuation of Mr. Hume's History

Indice

Sn. Lorenzo Mr. [Material gráfico]

Inscripción en la parte inferior derecha: "14"

Haydn's celebrated overture composed for & performed at Mr. Salomon's concert Hanover-Square : adapted for the piano-forte, with an accompaniment for a violin & violoncello ad libitum. N. 2, Sinfonia II [Música notada]

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: Deux sonates et La Coquette pour forte piano (XVIII/2815). Firma autógrafa de J.C. Salomon en la port.

Haydn's celebrated overture composed for & performed at Mr. Salomon's concert Hanover-Square : adapted for the piano-forte, with an accompaniment for a violin & violoncello ad libitum. N. 3, Sinfonia III [Música notada]

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: Deux sonates et La Coquette pour forte piano (XVIII/2815). Firma autógrafa de J.C. Salomon en la port.

Narrative of the voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, commanded by the late Captain Owen Stanley during the years 1846-50, including discoveries and surveys in New Guinea, the Louisiade Archipelago, etc : to which is added Mr. E.B. Kennedy's expedition for the exploration of the Cape York Peninsula / by John Macgillivray.

1

The Small Mr Ras-like GTPase Rap1 and the Phospholipase C Pathway Act to Regulate Phagocytosis in Dictyostelium discoideum

The function of the small-Mr Ras-like GTPase Rap1 remains largely unknown, but this protein has been demonstrated to regulate cortical actin-based morphologic changes in Dictyostelium and the oxidative burst in mammalian neutrophils. To test whether Rap1 regulates phagocytosis, we biochemically analyzed cell lines that conditionally and modestly overexpressed wild-type [Rap1 WT(+)], constitutively active [Rap1 G12T(+)], and dominant negative [Rap1 S17N(+)] forms of D. discoideum Rap1. The rates of phagocytosis of bacteria and latex beads were significantly higher in Rap1 WT(+) and Rap1 G12T(+) cells and were reduced in Rap1 S17N(+) cells. The addition of inhibitors of protein kinase A, protein kinase G, protein tyrosine kinase, or phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase did not affect phagocytosis rates in wild-type cells. In contrast, the addition of U73122 (a phospholipase C inhibitor), calphostin C (a protein kinase C inhibitor), and BAPTA-AM (an intracellular Ca2+ chelator) reduced phagocytosis rates by 90, 50, and 65%, respectively, suggesting both arms of the phospholipase C signaling pathways played a role in this process. Other protein kinase C–specific inhibitors, such as chelerythrine and bisindolylmaleimide I, did not reduce phagocytosis rates in control cells, suggesting calphostin C was affecting phagocytosis by interfering with a protein containing a diacylglycerol-binding domain. The addition of calphostin C did not reduce phagocytosis rates in Rap1 G12T(+) cells, suggesting that the putative diacylglycerol-binding protein acted upstream in a signaling pathway with Rap1. Surprisingly, macropinocytosis was significantly reduced in Rap1 WT(+) and Rap1 G12T(+) cells compared with control cells. Together our results suggest that Rap1 and Ca2+ may act together to coordinate important early events regulating phagocytosis.

The Mr 140,000 Intermediate Chain of Chlamydomonas Flagellar Inner Arm Dynein Is a WD-Repeat Protein Implicated in Dynein Arm Anchoring

Previous structural and biochemical studies have revealed that the inner arm dynein I1 is targeted and anchored to a unique site located proximal to the first radial spoke in each 96-nm axoneme repeat on flagellar doublet microtubules. To determine whether intermediate chains mediate the positioning and docking of dynein complexes, we cloned and characterized the 140-kDa intermediate chain (IC140) of the I1 complex. Sequence and secondary structural analysis, with particular emphasis on β-sheet organization, predicted that IC140 contains seven WD repeats. Reexamination of other members of the dynein intermediate chain family of WD proteins indicated that these polypeptides also bear seven WD/β-sheet repeats arranged in the same pattern along each intermediate chain protein. A polyclonal antibody was raised against a 53-kDa fusion protein derived from the C-terminal third of IC140. The antibody is highly specific for IC140 and does not bind to other dynein intermediate chains or proteins in Chlamydomonas flagella. Immunofluorescent microscopy of Chlamydomonas cells confirmed that IC140 is distributed along the length of both flagellar axonemes. In vitro reconstitution experiments demonstrated that the 53-kDa C-terminal fusion protein binds specifically to axonemes lacking the I1 complex. Chemical cross-linking indicated that IC140 is closely associated with a second intermediate chain in the I1 complex. These data suggest that IC140 contains domains responsible for the assembly and docking of the I1 complex to the doublet microtubule cargo.

Automatic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm segmentation in MR images

Abdominal Aortic Aneurism is a disease related to a weakening in the aortic wall that can cause a break in the aorta and the death. The detection of an unusual dilatation of a section of the aorta is an indicative of this disease. However, it is difficult to diagnose because it is necessary image diagnosis using computed tomography or magnetic resonance. An automatic diagnosis system would allow to analyze abdominal magnetic resonance images and to warn doctors if any anomaly is detected. We focus our research in magnetic resonance images because of the absence of ionizing radiation. Although there are proposals to identify this disease in magnetic resonance images, they need an intervention from clinicians to be precise and some of them are computationally hard. In this paper we develop a novel approach to analyze magnetic resonance abdominal images and detect the lumen and the aortic wall. The method combines different algorithms in two stages to improve the detection and the segmentation so it can be applied to similar problems with other type of images or structures. In a first stage, we use a spatial fuzzy C-means algorithm with morphological image analysis to detect and segment the lumen; and subsequently, in a second stage, we apply a graph cut algorithm to segment the aortic wall. The obtained results in the analyzed images are pretty successful obtaining an average of 79% of overlapping between the automatic segmentation provided by our method and the aortic wall identified by a medical specialist. The main impact of the proposed method is that it works in a completely automatic way with a low computational cost, which is of great significance for any expert and intelligent system.

MR Anfórico (MR-A) 09/05/2016

Cada vez que se realice un nuevo estudio anfórico se publique el porcentaje de borde conservado de cada ejemplar o el porcentaje medio por tipo. De esa forma se podrán incorporar dichos datos ampliando el grado de fiabilidad de los diferentes tipos. La tabla se denominará “MR Anfórico (MR-A)” seguido de la fecha de actualización que indicará la versión en la que nos encontramos. La tabla actualizada se irá publicando en el Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante (RUA) y habrá de ser buscada mediante el término “MR Anfórico (MR-A)”.