Examining invisible social control as predictor of daily smoking and negative affect after a self-set quit date

Objectives: The dual-effects model of social control proposes that social control leads to better health practices, but also arouses psychological distress. However, findings are inconsistent in relation to health behavior and psychological distress. Recent research suggests that the most effective control is unnoticed by the receiver (i.e., invisible). There is some evidence that invisible social control is beneficial for positive and negative affective reactions. Yet, investigations of the influence of invisible social control on daily smoking and distress have been limited. In daily diaries, we investigated how invisible social control is associated with number of cigarettes smoked and negative affect on a daily basis. Methods: Overall, 99 smokers (72.0% men, mean age M = 40.48, SD = 9.82) and their non-smoking partners completed electronic diaries from a self-set quit date for 22 consecutive days within the hour before going to bed, reporting received and provided social control, daily number of cigarettes smoked, and negative affect. Results: Multilevel analyses indicated that between-person levels of invisible social control were associated with lower negative affect, whereas they were unrelated to number of cigarettes smoked. On days with higher-than-average invisible social control, smokers reported less cigarettes smoked and more negative affect. Conclusions: Between-person level findings indicate that invisible social control can be beneficial for negative affect. However, findings on the within-person level are in line with the assumptions of the dual-effects model of social control: Invisible social control reduced daily smoking and simultaneously increased daily negative affect within person.

Dangers of ‘Facebook Login’ for Mobile Apps: Is There a Price Tag for Social Information?

Social networks offer horizontal integration for any mobile platform providing app users with a convenient single sign-on point. Nonetheless, there are growing privacy concerns regarding its use. These vulnerabilities trigger alarm among app developers who fight for their user base: While they are happy to act on users’ information collected via social networks, they are not always willing to sacrifice their adoption rate for this goal. So far, understanding of this trade-off has remained ambiguous. To fill this gap, we employ a discrete choice experiment to explore the role of Facebook Login and investigate the impact of accompanying requests for different information items / actions in the mobile app adoption process. We quantify users’ concerns regarding these items in monetary terms. Beyond hands-on insights for providers, our study contributes to the theoretical discourse on the value of privacy in the growing world of Social Media and mobile web.

The Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Work-Content Constraints

For executing the activities of a project, one or several resources are required, which are in general scarce. Many resource-allocation methods assume that the usage of these resources by an activity is constant during execution; in practice, however, the project manager may vary resource usage by individual activities over time within prescribed bounds. This variation gives rise to the project scheduling problem which consists in allocating the scarce resources to the project activities over time such that the project duration is minimized, the total number of resource units allocated equals the prescribed work content of each activity, and precedence and various work-content-related constraints are met.

Software Development in the Cloud: Exploring the Affordances of Platform-as-a-Service

Software development teams increasingly adopt platform-as-a-service (PaaS), i.e., cloud services that make software development infrastructure available over the internet. Yet, empirical evidence of whether and how software development work changes with the use of PaaS is difficult to find. We performed a grounded-theory study to explore the affordances of PaaS for software development teams. We find that PaaS enables software development teams to enforce uniformity, to exploit knowledge embedded in technology, to enhance agility, and to enrich jobs. These affordances do not arise in a vacuum. Their emergence is closely interwoven with changes in methodologies, roles, and norms that give rise to self-organizing, loosely coupled teams. Our study provides rich descriptions of PaaS-based software development and an emerging theory of affordances of PaaS for software development teams.

Endovascular Treatment of Acute Stroke: Evolution and Selection of Techniques and Instruments Based on Thrombus Imaging.

Mechanical thrombectomy provides higher recanalization rates than intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis. Finally this has been shown to translate into improved clinical outcome in six multicentric randomized controlled trials. However, within cohorts the clinical outcomes may vary, depending on the endovascular techniques applied. Systems aiming mainly for thrombus fragmentation and lacking a protection against distal embolization have shown disappointing results when compared to recent stent-retriever studies or even to historical data on local arterial fibrinolysis. Procedure-related embolic events are usually graded as adverse events in interventional neuroradiology. In stroke, however, the clinical consequences of secondary emboli have so far mostly been neglected and attributed to progression of the stroke itself. We summarize the evolution of instruments and techniques for endovascular, image-guided, microneurosurgical recanalization in acute stroke, and discuss how to avoid procedure-related embolic complications.

Analysing factors determining the adoption of environmental management measures on the highlands of Ethiopia

A study was conducted on the highlands of Ethiopia to identify and analyse the factors determining the adoption of environmental management measures. In 1985, Ethiopia was classified into low –and high-potential areas based on the suitability of the natural environment for rain-fed agriculture. To address these objectives, case study areas were selected from low-potential and high-potential areas randomly. Data were collected through face-to-face interview and key informants, focus group discussion and field observation. In the low-potential areas, the physical environment ‒ particularly soil and forest environments have shown substantial recovery. Similarly, the water environment has improved. However, in the high-potential areas sampled, these resources are still being degraded. Clear understanding of the benefits of soil conservation structures by farmers, active involvement and technical support from the government and full and genuine participation of farmers in communal environmental resources management activities were found to be main factors in the adoption of environmental management measures.

Personal Digital Assistant 2.0 - A Software Prototype for Cognitive Cities

This paper presents a software prototype of a personal digital assistant 2.0. Based on soft computing methods and cognitive computing this mobile application prototype improves calendar and mobility management in cognitive cities. Applying fuzzy cognitive maps and evolutionary algorithms, the prototype represents a next step towards the realization of cognitive cities (i.e., smart cities enhanced with cognition). A user scenario and a test version of the prototype are included for didactical reasons.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 658 - Berichte über die Arbeit des Instituts für Sozialforschung u.a. (p. IX 59.3-IX 63)

Grossmann, Henrik: "The Nature of Economic Crisis". Typoskript, 4 Blatt; Über die Tätigkeiten des Institutes für Sozialforschung. Verschiedene Berichte. 1940- 1941; "Report to the Trustees of the Kurt Gerlach Memorial Foundation". 25.01.1940, Typoskript, 5 Blatt; "Manuskript under preparation". Januar 1940, handschriftliche Liste, 1 Blatt; Horkheimer, Max: "Über die allgemeine Lage des Instituts". Bericht für das Advisory Bord (New York members) Meeting, 22.04.1940; sowie ein Protokoll des Treffens, Typoskript, 5 Blatt; "Annual Report on the Activities of the Société International de Recherces Sociales, Presented to the Eight General Meeting in New York City on April 27, 1940"; sowie "Report on the Activities of the International Institute of Social Research for the Year 1939". Typoskript, 13 Blatt; "Report to the Trustees of the Kurt Gerlach Memorial Foundation". 23.02.1941, Typoskript mit eigenhändigen Ergänzungen von Max Horkheimer und handschriftlichen Ergänzungen und Korrekturen von Leo Löwenthal, 7 Blatt; Liste der Veröffentlichungen und der Forschungsgebiete des Instituts für Sozialforschung; "Content of Periodicals. List of Articles and Selected Major Book Reviews Arranged According to Contibutors. List of Articles and Selected Major Book Reviews Arranged According Topics. 1934-1941". a) Typoskript, 14 Blatt; b) Typoskript , 15 Blatt; "Literatur über features". 03.02.1941, Veröffentlichungsliste, 1 Blatt; Veröffentlichungsliste zu den Gebieten Nationalsozialismus, Massenkultur, Sozialgeschichte des späteren Mittelalters; 19.12.1941, Typoskript, 1 Blatt; Ankündigung und Übersicht über die ersten Nummern der "Studies in Philosophy and Social Science". 1941; Typoskripte und Drucksachen, 3 Blatt; "Supplementary Memorandum on the Activities of the Institute from 1939 to 1941. (supplemented to December, 1942)". 1942, als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 5 Blatt; Über Organisation und Mitarbeiter des Institutes für Sozialforschung. 1943; a) Typoskript, 6 Blatt; b) Typoskript, 7 Blatt; c) Teilstück, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; d) Teilstück, Typoskript, 3 Blatt; e) Entwurf, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 8 Blatt; "Annual Report on the Activities of the Social Studies Association, Inc.". 15.05.1943, Typoskript, 6 Blatt; "Statement of Prof. Dr. Max Horkheimer, Director of the Institut of Social Research on June 9, 1943. Reponse: Certain Charges made against the Institut of Social Research (Columbia University)". 1943; a) Typoskript, 6 Blatt; b) Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Randbemerkungen, 6 Blatt; c) deutsche Rückübersetzung, 1969, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt;