L'Aigua i el patrimoni industrial de la Garrotxa

L’objectiu d’aquest treball de recerca és el d’establir una “Ruta sobre el Patrimoni Industrial de la Garrotxa” amb la finalitat de potenciar el patrimoni industrial de la comarca; fomentar la seva protecció, rehabilitació i preservació; així com també fer accessible aquest patrimoni als visitants i habitants donant a conèixer diferents tipus d’accés a la ruta: a peu, amb bicicleta o amb cotxe

Produção de mudas de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.), inoculadas com o fungo micorrízico arbuscular Glomus clarum, em substrato agro-industrial

Conduziu-se um experimento em casa de vegetação, com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento de mudas de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.), produzidas em blocos prensados, confeccionados com resíduos agro-industriais, e inoculadas com o fungo micorrízico arbuscular (FMA) Glomus clarum Nicolson & Schenck. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, sendo 2 tratamentos microbiológicos: controle e FMA; e 2 sistemas de produção de mudas: blocos prensados (nova metodologia) e tubetes plásticos (tradicional), com 5 repetições. O substrato utilizado para a confecção dos blocos prensados e enchimento dos tubetes foi constituído por uma mistura de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e torta de filtro (3:1 v/v). O FMA proporcionou aumentos significativos na produção de matéria seca, conteúdo de N e P da parte aérea da goiabeira, apenas no sistema de produção das mudas em blocos prensados. Mudas produzidas e inoculadas em blocos prensados mostraram um aumento de 88% na matéria seca da parte aérea, 82% e 89% para os conteúdos de nitrogênio e fósforo da parte aérea, respectivamente, em relação ao tratamento-controle.

Projecte d'una instal·lació elèctrica i una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa de baixa tensió, en una nau industrial

Dissenyar la xarxa elèctrica d'una nau industrial i dissenyar una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa de baixa tensió. Per a la instal·lació de la nova xarxa elèctrica s'ha aprofitat tot l'enllumenat, els endolls i els interruptors existents en la nau, de l'anterior instal·lació, que s'ha quedat obsoleta degut a la instal·lació de noves màquines. S'ha escollit una instal·lació solar fotovoltaica connectada a la xarxa elèctrica perquè s'utilitza una energia purament neta i inesgotable, perquè té una bona rentabilitat.

Cálculo y diseño de la estructura de una nave industrial destinada a un centro de mecanizado

En el siguiente proyecto se pretende realizar los cálculos correctos para determinar cual ha de ser la estructura y las cimentaciones de una nave industrial perfectamente diseñada. El àmbito de aplicación del proyecto es la arquitectura industrial.

Características físicas e físico-químicas de um tipo de bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) com rendimento industrial superior

Efetuou-se a caracterização física do fruto e físico-química da polpa do bacuri CPATU 207-3, oriundo de uma planta-matriz do Banco de Germoplasma de Bacurizeiro da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para a caracterização física foi utilizada uma amostra de 50 frutos, os quais foram individualmente analisados quanto aos seguintes aspectos: cor do epicarpo, formato, peso, comprimento, diâmetro, espessura da casca, volume da cavidade interna, número de sementes e de segmentos partenocárpicos, rendimentos porcentuais (p/p) de casca, polpa, sementes e do conjunto representado pela coluna placentária e óvulos abortados. A caracterização físico-química foi efetuada em três amostras de polpa congelada a 18ºC negativos, provenientes de frutos em completo estádio de maturação, coletados nos meses de janeiro, fevereiro e março de 2001, tendo sido consideradas as seguintes variáveis: teores de umidade, de sólidos totais e de sólidos solúveis totais (ºBrix), pH, acidez total e a relação sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável. O bacuri CPATU 207-3 apresentou formato ovalado e com ápice ligeiramente pontiagudo, epicarpo de coloração amarelada, fruto de tamanho considerado médio e peso médio de 265,8 g. As principais características diferenciais desse tipo de bacuri são: a espessura da casca (0,75cm), o rendimento porcentual de polpa (27,7%) e o número de segmentos partenocárpicos (2,8 unidades/fruto). A polpa do bacuri CPATU 207-3 apresentou boas características físico-químicas, com 84,35% de umidade, 15,65% de sólidos totais, teor de sólidos solúveis totais de 14,53ºBrix, pH 3,34, acidez total titulável de 1,24% e relação ºBrix/acidez total titulável igual a 11,4. As características físicas e físico-químicas desse tipo de bacuri permitem sua utilização tanto para consumo na forma de fruta fresca como na forma industrializada. Nesse último caso, é particularmente indicado para fabricação de compota, em decorrência do elevado número de segmentos partenocárpicos que apresenta.

Disseny d'una nau bioclimàtica sense ús determinat, ubicat al Polígon Industrial "Camí dels Frares" de Lleida

L'objecte del present projecte tècnic és la descripció de la climatització d'una nau industrial bioclimàtica, fent ús de sistemes passius i si fos necessari, de sistemes actius. El concepte de bioclimàtic procedeix de bios-vida i clima - orientació. El propòsit d'aquest disseny arquitectònic és que des del punt de vista energètic permeti que la nau mantingui un nivell de confort tant en hivern com en estiu, aplicant una sèrie de criteris de disseny a fi d'utilitzar els elements constructius i funcionals propis de l'edifici per tal d'aconseguir un bon control del seu comportament energètic.

Disseny de la instal·lació de climatització de l'ampliació d'una nau industrial destinada a oficines

L'objectiu del projecte és dissenyar la instal·lació de climatització. Es durà a terme utilitzant terra radiant per la calefacció, fent ús de l'energia solar per escalfar l'aigua. També es durà a terme el sistema de refrigeració i ventilació, així­ com la instal·lació solar d'ACS.

Diseño de una nave industrial sin uso específico en la localidad de Vilamalla

En el proyecto se ha diseñado una nave industrial teniendo en cuenta la normativa vigente en el sector y una serie de consideraciones realizadas, como la posibilidad de una futua ampliación o la existencia de puente grúa y de un altillo. También se han estudiado las distintas alternativas que nos ofrece el mercado para construir la estructura de la nave industrial, eligiendo el hormigón prefabricado y el panel sandwich de cubierta como los más apropiados para nuetro caso. Finalmente, se ha justificado el conjunto de acciones (cargas) existentes en la nave, el cálculo de las principales piezas de alimentación requerida.

Géotourisme et utilisation de sites naturels d'intérêt pour les sciences de la Terre: les régions de Crans-Montana-Sierre (Valais, Alpes suisses) et Chamonix-Mont-Blanc (Haute-Savoie, Alpes françaises)

Résumé : Au travers de l'étude des régions de Crans-Montana-Sierre (Valais, Suisse) et de Chamonix-Mont-Blanc (Haute-Savoie, France), cette recherche considère les liens existants entre activités touristiques et sciences de la Terre. Ainsi, les sites géologiques et géomorphologiques pris en compte sont perçus comme ayant non seulement une valeur scientifique, mais aussi un intérêt scénique, culturel et économique. D'un point de vue (géo)touristique, différents modèles d'analyse sont proposés pour expliciter les composantes de l'offre et de la demande et comprendre le cycle de vie des objets étudiés. L'offre que constituent ces sites est tout d'abord présentée afin d'évaluer leurs différents potentiels, ainsi que l'utilisation spatio-temporelle, didactique et économique qui en est faite. Ensuite, les logiques d'acteurs sont analysées au travers des phases de valorisation, d'exploitation et de transformation, dans le but de comprendre les facteurs et les projets d'utilisation les concernant. Enfin, la demande des différents publics cibles, de même que leurs caractéristiques socio-touristiques et (géo)didactiques, sont discutées. Pour ce faire, des méthodes d'inventaire, d'évaluation, d'entretien et de questionnaire ont été utilisées, à différentes échelles d'analyse. On constate d'abord que le pôle des valeurs scénique et économique présente une plus forte mise à contribution, par rapport à l'utilisation didactique. De plus, le niveau de protection des sites ne restreint généralement pas leur exploitation, au contraire du facteur risque. Du point de vue des publics cibles, une forte demande d'explications didactiques est exprimée, s'orientant vers une approche multithématique des potentiels à mettre en valeur; des biens et services de base sont ainsi demandés. Enfin, force est de constater que seuls de grands projets peuvent rendre les activités (géo)touristiques rentables. A l'avenir, sachant que le géotourisme peut répondre à une demande touristique liée au rêve et à l'émotion, l'approche de l'offre devrait intégrer une réflexion en didactique des sciences de la Terre, d'autant que cette forme de tourisme tend à devenir une composante du développement économique régional, notamment en dehors de la saison d'hiver. Idéalement, l'utilisation touristique de la géodiversité devrait s'accompagner d'une politique de protection dynamique, combinant préservation et mise en valeur. A terme, le but ultime de cette entreprise est notamment d'élargir la notion de patrimoine culturel, pour favoriser une approche transdisciplinaire du paysage Abstract : Based on the study of the areas of Crans-Montana-Sierre (Valais, Switzerland) and Chamonix-Mont-Blanc (Haute-Savoie, France), this study considers the links between tourism activities and Earth science. Thus, the studied geological and geomorphological sites have not only a scientific va1ue, but also scenic, cultural and economic value. From a point of view of tourism, different models of analysis are examined in order to explain the components of the supply and the demand, and to understand the life cycles of the considered objects. The primary product of these sites is first presented, in order to assess their different potential as well as their didactic, economic, spatial and temporal use. The stakeholders' behaviour is then analysed to understand the factors and projected use, with the help of the optimisation, exploitation and transformation phases. Finally, the demand of the different target markets as well as their socio-tourist and (geo)didactic characteristics are discussed. To complete this study, methods of census, assessment, interviewing and questionnaire surveying are used, at different scales of analysis. The main results appear to demonstrate that the scenic and economic values present a higher value relative to the didactic use. Moreover, the required conservation measures for the studied sites do not generally restrict the use, on the contrary to the "risk" factor. From the point of view of the target market, a relevant requirement for explanatory commentary is expressed and tends towards an approach optimising different themes to utilise potential; basic popular goods and services are also requested. Finally, it is clearly demonstrated that only relevant projects are able to make this kind of activity profitable. For the future, geotourism may be marketed to a tourist demand for imagination and emotion. Consequently, the product approach should integrate a reflection on Earth science popularisation given that this branch of tourism tends to receive a component of the economic and regional development, notably during the summer period. However, the use of geodiversity should include a concept of dynamic management, taking into account conservation as well as tourism development. Thus, the final aim of this process is to r,r'iden the notion of cultural heritage, in order to stimulate a multidisciplinary approach to the landscape.

Projecte d’urbanització del sector 22 – Polígon industrial de Can Sunyer

L’objecte del projecte és la renovació de les infraestructures i serveis d’un polígon industrial de 28, 5 hectàrees situat al municipi de Sant Andreu de la Barca. Amb les millores es preveu millorar la qualitat de vida dels principals usuaris i la integració del polígon dins la xarxa de polígons de la resta del municipi, per altra banda, es planteja que determinades zones del polígon puguin ser utilitzades com a zones de lleure. La millora de les infraestructures comprén: Xarxa de sanejament, xarxa d’aigua potable, xarxa elèctrica , xarxa d’enllumenat públic, millora del ferm i projecció d’un espai verd públic.

Competitor Information andCompetitive Knowledge Management in a Large Industrial Organization

Thisthesis supplements the systematic approach to competitive intelligence and competitor analysis by introducing an information-processing perspective on management of the competitive environment and competitors therein. The cognitive questions connected to the intelligence process and also the means that organizational actors use in sharing information are discussed. The ultimate aim has been to deepen knowledge of the different intraorganizational processes that are used in acorporate organization to manage and exploit the vast amount of competitor information that is received from the environment. Competitor information and competitive knowledge management is examined as a process, where organizational actorsidentify and perceive the competitive environment by using cognitive simplification, make interpretations resulting in learning and finally utilize competitor information and competitive knowledge in their work processes. The sharing of competitive information and competitive knowledge is facilitated by intraorganizational networks that evolve as a means of developing a shared, organizational level knowledge structure and ensuring that the right information is in the right place at the right time. This thesis approaches competitor information and competitive knowledge management both theoretically and empirically. Based on the conceptual framework developed by theoretical elaboration, further understanding of the studied phenomena is sought by an empirical study. The empirical research was carried out in a multinationally operating forest industry company. This thesis makes some preliminary suggestions of improving the competitive intelligence process. It is concluded that managing competitor information and competitive knowledge is not simply a question of managing information flow or improving sophistication of competitor analysis, but the crucial question to be solved is rather, how to improve the cognitive capabilities connected to identifying and making interpretations of the competitive environment and how to increase learning. It is claimed that competitive intelligence can not be treated like an organizational function or assigned solely to a specialized intelligence unit.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor for industrial inverter applications - analysis and design

During the latest few years the need for new motor types has grown, since both high efficiency and an accurate dynamic performance are demanded in industrial applications. For this reason, new effective control systems such as direct torque control (DTC) have been developed. Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are well suitable for new adjustable speed AC inverter drives, because their efficiency and power factor are not depending on the pole pair number and speed to the same extent as it is the case in induction motors. Therefore, an induction motor (IM) with a mechanical gearbox can often be replaced with a direct PM motor drive. Space as well as costs will be saved, because the efficiency increases and the cost of maintenance decreases as well. This thesis deals with design criterion, analytical calculation and analysis of the permanent magnet synchronous motor for both sinusoidal air-gap flux density and rectangular air-gapflux density. It is examined how the air-gap flux, flux densities, inductances and torque can be estimated analytically for salient pole and non-salient pole motors. It has been sought by means of analytical calculations for the ultimate construction for machines rotating at relative low 300 rpm to 600 rpm speeds, which are suitable speeds e.g. in Pulp&Paper industry. The calculations are verified by using Finite Element calculations and by measuring of prototype motor. The prototype motor is a 45 kW, 600 rpm PMSM with buried V-magnets, which is a very appropriate construction for high torque motors with a high performance. With the purposebuilt prototype machine it is possible not only to verify the analytical calculations but also to show whether the 600 rpm PMSM can replace the 1500 rpm IM with a gear. It can also be tested if the outer dimensions of the PMSM may be the same as for the IM and if the PMSM in this case can produce a 2.5 fold torque, in consequence of which it may be possible to achieve the same power. The thesis also considers the question how to design a permanent magnet synchronous motor for relatively low speed applications that require a high motor torqueand efficiency as well as bearable costs of permanent magnet materials. It is shown how a selection of different parameters affects the motor properties. Key words: Permanent magnet synchronous motor, PMSM, surface magnets, buried magnets

Logging residues from regeneration fellings for biofuel production - a GIS-based availability and supply cost analysis

Finland has large forest fuel resources. However, the use of forest fuels for energy production has been low, except for small-scale use in heating. According to national action plans and programs related to wood energy promotion, the utilization of such resources will be multiplied over the next few years. The most significant part of this growth will be based on the utilization of forest fuels, produced from logging residues of regeneration fellings, in industrial and municipal power and heating plants. Availability of logging residues was analyzed by means of resource and demand approaches in order to identify the most suitable regions with focus on increasing the forest fuel usage. The analysis included availability and supply cost comparisons between power plant sites and resource allocation in a least cost manner, and between a predefined power plant structure under demand and supply constraints. Spatial analysis of worksite factors and regional geographies were carried out using the GIS-model environment via geoprocessing and cartographic modeling tools. According to the results of analyses, the cost competitiveness of forest fuel supply should be improved in order to achieve the designed objectives in the near future. Availability and supply costs of forest fuels varied spatially and were very sensitive to worksite factors and transport distances. According to the site-specific analysis the supply potential between differentlocations can be multifold. However, due to technical and economical reasons ofthe fuel supply and dense power plant infrastructure, the supply potential is limited at plant level. Therefore, the potential and supply cost calculations aredepending on site-specific matters, where regional characteristics of resourcesand infrastructure should be taken into consideration, for example by using a GIS-modeling approach constructed in this study.