994 resultados para Illinois. General Assembly


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This report is prepared in response to the requirements of Section 2-3-7(a)(6) of the Illinois School Code: The State Board of Education shall report to the General Assembly by November 1, 2010, and every three years thereafter on the results and progress of students who are enrolled in preschool educational programs, including an assessment of which programs have been most successful in promoting academic excellence and alleviating academic failure. The State Board of Education shall assess the academic progress of all students who have been enrolled in preschool education programs.

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"Annual Report to the Governor and the General Assembly covering July 1996 through June 1997, the last year that OIG was within the Department of Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities" -- from cover.

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Examines the financial status of the various public employee retirement systems in Illinois.

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"To the Legislative Audit Commission, the Speaker and Minority Leader of the House of Representative, the President and Minority Leader of the Senate, the members of the General Assembly, and the Governor."--Cover letter.

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Chairman: Representative Richard A. Mautino; co-chairman, Representative A. T. McMaster.

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"DHS 4184."

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Examines the financial status of the various state retirement systems in Illinois.

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"A report by the Illinois Commerce Commission required by Section 16-120(a) of the Public Utilities Act which directs the Commission to provide the General Assembly with its assessment of the competitiveness of the markets for services provided under Article XVI of the Act."

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Title from cover.

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Ink on linen. Similar to Clu 3, but with several additions, notably bird pool, boat landing, additional plantings, and descriptive notes; amounts of plantings indicated. Signed. 97 cm. x 64 cm. Scale: 1"=20' [from photographic copy by Lance Burgharrdt]

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Póster presentado en: XXII International Congress and General Assembly of the International Union of Crystallography (UICr), 22–30 Agosto 2011. Madrid, España

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We have discovered that the current protocols to assemble Au nanoparticles based on DNA hybridization do not work well with the small metal nanoparticles (e.g. 5 nm Au, 3.6 nm Pt and 3.2 nm Ru particles). Further investigations revealed the presence of strong interaction between the oligonucleotide backbone and the surface of the small metal nanoparticles. The oligonucleotides in this case are recumbent on the particle surface and are therefore not optimally oriented for hybridization. The nonspecific adsorption of oligonucleotides on small metal nanoparticles must be overcome before DNA hybridization can be accepted as a general assembly method. Two methods have been suggested as possible solutions to this problem. One is based on the use of stabilizer molecules which compete with the oligonucleotides for adsorption on the metal nanoparticle surface. Unfortunately, the reported success of this approach in small Au nanoparticles (using K₂BSPP) and Au films (using 6-mercapto-1-hexanol) could not be extended to the assembly of Pt and Ru nanoparticles by DNA hybridization. The second approach is to simply use larger metal particles. Indeed most reports on the DNA hybridization induced assembly of Au nanoparticles have made use of relatively large particles (>10 nm), hinting at a weaker non-specific interaction between the oligonucleotides and large Au nanoparticles. However, most current methods of nanoparticle synthesis are optimized to produce metal nanoparticles only within a narrow size range. We find that core-shell nanoparticles formed by the seeded growth method may be used to artificially enlarge the size of the metal particles to reduce the nonspecific binding of oligonucleotides. We demonstrate herein a core-shell assisted growth method to assemble Pt and Ru nanoparticles by DNA hybridization. This method involves firstly synthesizing approximately 16 nm core-shell Ag-Pt and 21 nm core-shell Au-Ru nanoparticles from 9.6 nm Ag seeds and 17.2 nm Au seeds respectively by the seed-mediated growth method. The core-shell nanoparticles were then functionalized by complementary thiolated oligonucleotides followed by aging in 0.2 M PBS buffer for 6 hours. The DNA hybridization induced bimetallic assembly of Pt and Ru nanoparticles could then be carried out in 0.3 M PBS buffer for 10 hours.