Heterogeneous Agglomeration

Many prior treatments of agglomeration explicitly or implicitly assume that all industries agglomerate for the same reasons. This paper uses UK establishment-level coagglomeration data to document substantial heterogeneity across industries in the microfoundations of agglomeration economies. It finds robust evidence of organizational and adaptive agglomeration forces as discussed by Chinitz (1961), Vernon (1960), and Jacobs (1969). These forces interact with the traditional Marshallian (1890) factors of input sharing, labor pooling, and knowledge spillovers, establishing a previously unrecognized complementarity between the approaches of Marshall and Jacobs, as well as others, to the analysis of agglomeration.

A framework for self-healing radiation-tolerant implementations on reconfigurable FPGAs

To increase the amount of logic available in SRAM-based FPGAs manufacturers are using nanometric technologies to boost logic density and reduce prices. However, nanometric scales are highly vulnerable to radiation-induced faults that affect values stored in memory cells. Since the functional definition of FPGAs relies on memory cells, they become highly prone to this type of faults. Fault tolerant implementations, based on triple modular redundancy (TMR) infrastructures, help to keep the correct operation of the circuit. However, TMR is not sufficient to guarantee the safe operation of a circuit. Other issues like the effects of multi-bit upsets (MBU) or fault accumulation, have also to be addressed. Furthermore, in case of a fault occurrence the correct operation of the affected module must be restored and the current state of the circuit coherently re-established. A solution that enables the autonomous correct restoration of the functional definition of the affected module, avoiding fault accumulation, re-establishing the correct circuit state in realtime, while keeping the normal operation of the circuit, is presented in this paper.

O uso do software winplot na aprendizagem matemática em sala de aula: uma inovação pedagógica?

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo de pesquisar o uso do software Winplot nas aulas de matemática como instrumento auxiliar e fator de ruptura das práticas pedagógicas fundamentadas no paradigma fabril, criando ambientes favoráveis ao ensino e aprendizagem, dando maior ênfase a aprendizagem, proporcionando aos educandos serem construtores dos seus próprios conhecimentos, valorizando os seus significados, propiciando a formação de cidadãos críticos e autônomos e educadores como mediadores nesse processo. Para a realização desse trabalho de pesquisa foi adotada a metodologia qualitativa com fundamentos etnográficos, a observação participante e a utilização do diário de bordo eletrônico etnográfico que nos garantiu agilidade nos registros de campo, propiciando a descrição das ações reais de educador e educandos em função do uso desse software que assegurou o desejo dos educandos, educador e pesquisador nas mudanças das praxes pedagógicas que valorizam o educando como centro no processo de ensino e aprendizagem contribuindo para que a escola seja estimulada a adotar um currículo flexível propiciando uma educação contextualizada.

Assessment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals in seawaters of North of Portugal: Occurrence and environmental risk

The occurrence of seven pharmaceuticals and two metabolites belonging to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics therapeutic classes was studied in seawaters. A total of 101 samples covering fourteen beaches and five cities were evaluated in order to assess the spatial distribution of pharmaceuticals among north Portuguese coast. Seawaters were selected in order to embrace different bathing water quality (excellent, good and sufficient). Acetaminophen, ketoprofen and the metabolite hydroxyibuprofen were detected in all the seawater samples at maximum concentrations of 584, 89.7 and 287 ng L− 1, respectively. Carboxyibuprofen had the highest seawater concentration (1227 ng L− 1). The temporal distribution of the selected pharmaceuticals during the bathing season showed that, in general, higher concentrations were detected in August and September. The environmental risk posed by the pharmaceuticals detected in seawaters towards different trophic levels (fish, daphnids and algae) was also assessed. Only diclofenac showed hazard quotients above one for fish, representing a potential risk for aquatic organisms. These results were observed in seawaters classified as excellent bathing water. Additional data is needed in order to support the identification and prioritization of risks posed by pharmaceuticals in marine environment.

Multi-Enzymatic Systems for Cleaning-up Synthetic Dyes from the Environment

Environmental pollution is one of the major and most important problems of the modern world. In order to fulfill the needs and demands of the overgrowing human population, developments in agriculture, medicine, energy sources, and all chemical industries are necessary (Ali 2010). Over the last century, the increased industrialization and continued population growth led to an augmented production of environmental pollutants that are released into air, water, and soil, with significant impact in the degradation of various ecosystems (Ali 2010, Khan et al. 2013).(...)

Differential peptide binding to CD40 evokes counteractive responses.

The antigen-presenting cell-expressed CD40 is implied in the regulation of counteractive immune responses such as induction of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10, respectively. The mechanism of this duality in CD40 function remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether such duality depends on ligand binding. Based on CD40 binding, we identifed two dodecameric peptides, peptide-7 and peptide-19, from the phage peptide library. Peptide-7 induces IL-10 and increases Leishmania donovani infection in macrophages, whereas peptide-19 induces IL-12 and reduces L. donovani infection. CD40-peptide interaction analyses by surface plasmon resonance and atomic force microscopy suggest that the functional differences are not associated with the studied interaction parameters. The molecular dynamic simulation of the CD40-peptides interaction suggests that these two peptides bind to two different places on CD40. Thus, we suggest for the first time that differential binding of the ligands imparts functional duality to CD40.

Multisensory facilitation of behavior in monkeys: effects of stimulus intensity.

Multisensory stimuli can improve performance, facilitating RTs on sensorimotor tasks. This benefit is referred to as the redundant signals effect (RSE) and can exceed predictions on the basis of probability summation, indicative of integrative processes. Although an RSE exceeding probability summation has been repeatedly observed in humans and nonprimate animals, there are scant and inconsistent data from nonhuman primates performing similar protocols. Rather, existing paradigms have instead focused on saccadic eye movements. Moreover, the extant results in monkeys leave unresolved how stimulus synchronicity and intensity impact performance. Two trained monkeys performed a simple detection task involving arm movements to auditory, visual, or synchronous auditory-visual multisensory pairs. RSEs in excess of predictions on the basis of probability summation were observed and thus forcibly follow from neural response interactions. Parametric variation of auditory stimulus intensity revealed that in both animals, RT facilitation was limited to situations where the auditory stimulus intensity was below or up to 20 dB above perceptual threshold, despite the visual stimulus always being suprathreshold. No RT facilitation or even behavioral costs were obtained with auditory intensities 30-40 dB above threshold. The present study demonstrates the feasibility and the suitability of behaving monkeys for investigating links between psychophysical and neurophysiologic instantiations of multisensory interactions.

Disassembly of a Medial Transenvelope Structure by Antibiotics during Intracellular Division.

Chlamydiales possess a minimal but functional peptidoglycan precursor biosynthetic and remodeling pathway involved in the assembly of the division septum by an atypical cytokinetic machine and cryptic or modified peptidoglycan-like structure (PGLS). How this reduced cytokinetic machine collectively coordinates the invagination of the envelope has not yet been explored in Chlamydiales. In other Gram-negative bacteria, peptidoglycan provides anchor points that connect the outer membrane to the peptidoglycan during constriction using the Pal-Tol complex. Purifying PGLS and associated proteins from the chlamydial pathogen Waddlia chondrophila, we unearthed the Pal protein as a peptidoglycan-binding protein that localizes to the chlamydial division septum along with other components of the Pal-Tol complex. Together, our PGLS characterization and peptidoglycan-binding assays support the notion that diaminopimelic acid is an important determinant recruiting Pal to the division plane to coordinate the invagination of all envelope layers with the conserved Pal-Tol complex, even during osmotically protected intracellular growth.

Monumens [sic] recueillis pour l'histoire de France par Mr de Gaignières - Maisons étrangères - 1ère Partie : Maison d'Anjou-Sicile. Ayant pour auteur Charles de France 7° fils de Louis VIII et frère de St Louis par son mariage avec Beatrix de Provence en 1246

Collectionneur : Gaignières, Roger de (1642-1715)

L'Écho de Paris

1887/05/23 (Numéro 1162).

L'Écho de Paris

1887/07/28 (Numéro 1227).

Seconde leçon de ténèbres / François Couperin, comp. ; Lise Daniels, S ; M. Duruflé, org. ; F. Lemaire, vlc

Titre uniforme : [Leçons de ténèbres à une et deux voix. No 2]

Convention collective nationale de la confection administrative et militaire. [Arrêté du Ministre du travail du 2 mai 1960. Éd. mise à jour au...]. 2 mai 1960

[Convention collective. Confection administrative et militaire. France. 1960-]

Convention collective nationale de la confection administrative et militaire. [Arrêté du Ministre du travail du 2 mai 1960. Éd. mise à jour au...]. 1er février 1966

[Convention collective. Confection administrative et militaire. France. 1960-]

Compilation d'histoire ancienne, ALART DE CAMBRAI, Chronique de Turpin, PHILIPPE DE NOVARE, etc.

Contient : Table du contenu du manuscrit ; Histoire ancienne jusqu'à César, incomplète du premier feuillet : «... Tu as mangié dou fruit que je deffendu t'avoie. Adans, qui moût fu dolans... — ... duques à la cité de Tongres, qui seur la mer estoit adomques asise » ; Moralités des philosophes, par ALART DE CAMBRAI ; Dit des quatre martyres, par PIERRE DE MAUBEUGE (?) ; Dit des quatre vices, par le même (?) ; Dit des quatre complexions de l'homme, par PIERRE DE MAUBEUGE ; Imitation de l'Anticlaudianus d'Alain de Lille, en vers français par ELLEBAUT ; Annales françaises, de 1162 à 1254. Début : « Anno Domini M° C° LXXXI, ci fu roys Phelippes de France... » — Fin : « ... prist Valenciennes et grant partie de Hainnaut. » Le même texte, copié de la même main, se retrouve dans le ms. français 24431, f. 25 et suiv ; Annales latines, de 1249 à 1270. Début : « Romanum imperium sive post mortem, sive post depositionem Fedrici... » — Fin : «... Traponam in domum Fratrum ordinis Carmeli est defunctus. » (Ms. français 24431, f. 26) ; Généalogie et chronique des rois de France. Début : « Si comme nous trovons escrit ès anciens livres, Troie... » — Fin : «... par le commandement au roi Jehan meismes qui secourre ne les pooit. » (Ms. français 24431, f. 29 et suiv) ; Theoderici libellus de locis sanctis, traduction française. Début : « Ci sont li saint lieu de Jherusalem. En Jherusalem est uns liex de pié et demi de grant ou Salemons escrist le livre de Sapience... » (Ms. français 24431, f. 38 v) ; Chronique de Turpin, en français. Début : « Cy commence l'estoyre de Turpin, arcevesque de la cité de Rains... » — Fin : « ... qui disoient que ce estoit Torpins, arcevesques de Rains. » (Ms. français 24431, f. 39 et suiv) ; Histoire de Tancrède de Hauteville. Début: « Tangrés d'Otevillier, qui est en la contrée de Coustentin... — Incomplète de la fin : «... puis le rendi a l'apostole, si comme il ot en covenant et la cité de Bo... » (Ms. français 24431, f. 53 et suiv) ; Les Quatre temps d'âge d'homme, par PHILIPPE DE NOVARE. — Même texte que dans le ms. français 24431 (D de l'édition de M. de Fréville) ; Les Proverbes au vilain ; Les Quinze signes du Jugement dernier ; Fragment de poème sur le mérite des femmes