Sequencing and functional analysis of the genome of a nematode egg-parasitic fungus, Pochonia chlamydosporia

Pochonia chlamydosporia is a worldwide-distributed soil fungus with a great capacity to infect and destroy the eggs and kill females of plant-parasitic nematodes. Additionally, it has the ability to colonize endophytically roots of economically-important crop plants, thereby promoting their growth and eliciting plant defenses. This multitrophic behavior makes P. chlamydosporia a potentially useful tool for sustainable agriculture approaches. We sequenced and assembled ∼41 Mb of P. chlamydosporia genomic DNA and predicted 12,122 gene models, of which many were homologous to genes of fungal pathogens of invertebrates and fungal plant pathogens. Predicted genes (65%) were functionally annotated according to Gene Ontology, and 16% of them found to share homology with genes in the Pathogen Host Interactions (PHI) database. The genome of this fungus is highly enriched in genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes, such as proteases, glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases. We used RNA-Seq technology in order to identify the genes expressed during endophytic behavior of P. chlamydosporia when colonizing barley roots. Functional annotation of these genes showed that hydrolytic enzymes and transporters are expressed during endophytism. This structural and functional analysis of the P. chlamydosporia genome provides a starting point for understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the multitrophic lifestyle of this fungus. The genomic information provided here should also prove useful for enhancing the capabilities of this fungus as a biocontrol agent of plant-parasitic nematodes and as a plant growth-promoting organism.

Measuring firm innovativeness: towards a composite innovation index built on firm innovative posture, propensity and performance attributes. ACES Working Paper No. 12, 2008

The ability to innovate is generally accepted as a critical success factor to growth and future performance of firms. Yet, this acceptance obscures a comprehensive perspective on how firms can influence their innovation capacity and resulting performance. This paper proposes a '3P' construct of innovation measurement that simultaneously considers the Posture, Propensity and Performance related to a firm's innovation capabilities. We propose and provide empirical support showing that robust measurement of the performance implications of innovation requires the consideration of input, throughput and output factors simultaneously. Single or more limited indicators do not offer the degree of fine-tuning to a firm's innovation system that managers require. Thus, we propose the development, and future research into contingent variations, of a Composite Innovation Index (CII). We further demonstrate its use in comparing innovators and allowing managers to design a firm's innovation system.

A history of the United States : on a new plan : adapted to the capacity of youth : to which is added, the Declaration of Independence, and the Constitution of the United States /

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Operator and organizational maintenance manual : distributor, water, tank type, 1000 gal capacity, gasoline driven, truck mounted (General Steel Tank model 1602), FSN 3825-403-9334.

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Organizational maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, solid rubber tired wheels, 2000 lbs capacity Army model MHE 182, NSN 3930-00-958-3682, Allis-Chalmers model FT20-24PS-100 and NSN 3930-00-958-3683, Allis-Chalmers model FT20-24PS-127.

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Direct support and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, solid rubber tired wheels, 2,000 lbs capacity, Army model MHE 192, NSN 3930-00-781-3857, Clark model C20B-1632032-100, NSN 3930-00-781-3858, Clark model C20B-1632033-127.

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Direct support and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists (including depot maintenance repair parts and special tools lists) : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, pneumatic tired wheels, 15,000 lb capacity, 210 in. lift height, Army model MHE-178, NSN 3930-00-897-4632, Hyster model H150C, Army model MHE 178A, NSN 3930-01-054-3894 ...

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Direct support and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, 4,000 lbs capacity, Army model MHE 190, NSN 3930-00-926-3807, TOW motor model 502PG4024-100 (pneumatic tire), Army model MHE 190, Army model MHE 190A, Army model MHE 190B, NSN 3930-00-073-9222, TOW motor model 502PG4024-144 (pneumatic tire) ...

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Organizational maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, pneumatic tired wheels, 15,000 lb capacity, 210 in lift height, Army model MHE-178, NSN 3930-00-897-4632, Hyster model H150C, Army model MHE 178A, NSN 3930-01-054-3894, Hyster model H150C, Army model MHE 178B, NSN 3930-01-054-3895, Hyster model H150C, Army model MHE 178C ...

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DS, GS, and depot maintenance manual : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, 4,000 lb capacity, towmotor models 462SG4024-100 (solid tire) ... Army model MHE-191 ... FSN 3930-781-3856 ... 3930-073-9222.

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Organizational maintenance repair parts and special tool lists : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, solid rubber tires, 4,000 lbs capacity, 100 144 in. lift (Army model MHE 184, Clark model C40B-1615158-100), FSN 3930-954-9311 (Clark model C40B-1615159-144) FSN 3930-954-1303.

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Field and depot maintenance manual : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, pneumatic-tired wheels, 15,000-pound capacity, (Hyster model H150C, Army model MHE 178), federal stock number 3930-897-4632.

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Field and depot maintenance manual : truck, lift, fork, gasoline, solid rubber tired wheels, 2,000 lbs capacity, Army model MHE-182, Allis-Chalmers model FT20-24PS-100, FSN 3930-958-3682, Allis-Chalmers model FT20-24PS-127, FSN 3930-958-3683.

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