Fast calculation of LTE opacities for ICF plasmas

The accurate computation of radioactive opacities is needed in several research fields such as astrophysics, magnetic fusion or ICF target physics analysis, in which the radiation transport is an important feature to determine in detail. Radiation transport plays an important role in the transport of energy in dense plasma and it is strongly influenced by the variation of plasma opacity with density and temperature, as well as, photon energy. In this work we present some new features of the opacity code ATMED [1]. This code has been designed to compute the spectral radioactive opacity as well as the Rosseland and Planck means for single element and mixture plasmas. The model presented is fast, stable and reasonably accurate into its range of application and it can be a useful tool to simulate ICF experiments in plasma laboratory.

Extending DCAM for Metadata Provenance

The Metadata Provenance Task Group aims to define a data model that allows for making assertions about description sets. Creating a shared model of the data elements required to describe an aggregation of metadata statements allows to collectively import, access, use and publish facts about the quality, rights, timeliness, data source type, trust situation, etc. of the described statements. In this paper we outline the preliminary model created by the task group, together with first examples that demonstrate how the model is to be used.

Style Guidelines for Naming and Labeling Ontologies in the Multilingual Web

In the context of the Semantic Web, natural language descriptions associated with ontologies have proven to be of major importance not only to support ontology developers and adopters, but also to assist in tasks such as ontology mapping, information extraction, or natural language generation. In the state-of-the-art we find some attempts to provide guidelines for URI local names in English, and also some disagreement on the use of URIs for describing ontology elements. When trying to extrapolate these ideas to a multilingual scenario, some of these approaches fail to provide a valid solution. On the basis of some real experiences in the translation of ontologies from English into Spanish, we provide a preliminary set of guidelines for naming and labeling ontologies in a multilingual scenario.

Identification of logically related heap regions

This paper introduces a novel technique for identifying logically related sections of the heap such as recursive data structures, objects that are part of the same multi-component structure, and related groups of objects stored in the same collection/array. When combined withthe lifetime properties of these structures, this information can be used to drive a range of program optimizations including pool allocation, object co-location, static deallocation, and region-based garbage collection. The technique outlined in this paper also improves the efficiency of the static analysis by providing a normal form for the abstract models (speeding the convergence of the static analysis). We focus on two techniques for grouping parts of the heap. The first is a technique for precisely identifying recursive data structures in object-oriented programs based on the types declared in the program. The second technique is a novel method for grouping objects that make up the same composite structure and that allows us to partition the objects stored in a collection/array into groups based on a similarity relation. We provide a parametric component in the similarity relation in order to support specific analysis applications (such as a numeric analysis which would need to partition the objects based on numeric properties of the fields). Using the Barnes-Hut benchmark from the JOlden suite we show how these grouping methods can be used to identify various types of logical structures allowing the application of many region-based program optimizations.

datos.bne.es: A library linked dataset

We describe the datos.bne.es library dataset. The dataset makes available the authority and bibliography catalogue from the Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE, National Library of Spain) as Linked Data. The catalogue contains around 7 million authority and bibliographic records. The records in MARC 21 format were transformed to RDF and modelled using IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations) ontologies and other well-established vocabularies such as RDA (Resource Description and Access) or the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. A tool named MARiMbA automatized the RDF generation process and the data linkage to DBpedia and other library linked data resources such as VIAF (Virtual International Authority File) or GND (Gemeinsame Normdatei, the authority dataset from the German National Library).

Exploring Cultural Heritage Resources in a 3D Collaborative Environment

Cultural heritage is a complex and diverse concept, which brings together a wide domain of information. Resources linked to a cultural heritage site may consist of physical artefacts, books, works of art, pictures, historical maps, aerial photographs, archaeological surveys and 3D models. Moreover, all these resources are listed and described by a set of a variety of metadata specifications that allow their online search and consultation on the most basic characteristics of them. Some examples include Norma ISO 19115, Dublin Core, AAT, CDWA, CCO, DACS, MARC, MoReq, MODS, MuseumDat, TGN, SPECTRUM, VRA Core and Z39.50. Gateways are in place to fit in these metadata standards into those used in a SDI (ISO 19115 or INSPIRE), but substantial work still remains to be done for the complete incorporation of cultural heritage information. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the complexity of cultural heritage resources can be dealt with by a visual exploration of their metadata within a 3D collaborative environment. The 3D collaborative environments are promising tools that represent the new frontier of our capacity of learning, understanding, communicating and transmitting culture.

Documentación en Arqueología. Aplicaciones del Núcleo Español de Metadatos

RESUMEN Las aplicaciones de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) a la Arqueología, u otra disciplina humanística no son una novedad. La evolución de los mismos hacia sistemas distribuidos e interoperables, y estructuras donde las políticas de uso, compartido y coordinado de los datos sí lo son, estando todos estos aspectos contemplados en la Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales. INSPIRE es el máximo exponente europeo en cuestiones de iniciativa y marco legal en estos aspectos. La metodología arqueológica recopila y genera gran cantidad de datos, y entre los atributos o características intrínsecas están la posición y el tiempo, aspectos que tradicionalmente explotan los SIG. Los datos se catalogan, organizan, mantienen, comparten y publican, y los potenciales consumidores comienzan a tenerlos disponibles. Toda esta información almacenada de forma tradicional en fichas y posteriormente en bases de datos relacionadas alfanuméricas pueden ser considerados «metadatos» en muchos casos por contener información útil para más usuarios en los procesos de descubrimiento, y explotación de los datos. Además estos datos también suelen ir acompañados de información sobre ellos mismos, que describe su especificaciones, calidad, etc. Cotidianamente usamos los metadatos: ficha bibliográfica del libro o especificaciones de un ordenador. Pudiéndose definir como: «información descriptiva sobre el contexto, calidad, condición y características de un recurso, dato u objeto que tiene la finalidad de facilitar su recuperación, identificación,evaluación, preservación y/o interoperabilidad». En España existe una iniciativa para estandarizar la descripción de los metadatos de los conjuntos de datos geoespaciales: Núcleo Español de Metadatos (NEM), los mismos contienen elementos para la descripción de las particularidades de los datos geográficos, que incluye todos los registros obligatorios de la Norma ISO19115 y del estudio de metadatos Dublin Core, tradicionalmente usado en contextos de Biblioteconomía. Conscientes de la necesidad de los metadatos, para optimizar la búsqueda y recuperación de los datos, se pretende formalizar la documentación de los datos arqueológicos a partir de la utilización del NEM, consiguiendo así la interoperabilidad de la información arqueológica. SUMMARY The application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to Archaeology and other social sciences is not new. Their evolution towards inter-operating, distributed systems, and structures in which policies for shared and coordinated data use are, and all these aspects are included in the Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). INSPIRE is the main European exponent in matters related to initiative and legal frame. Archaeological methodology gathers and creates a great amount of data, and position and time, aspects traditionally exploited by GIS, are among the attributes or intrinsic characteristics. Data are catalogued, organised, maintained, shared and published, and potential consumers begin to have them at their disposal. All this information, traditionally stored as cards and later in relational alphanumeric databases may be considered «metadata» in many cases, as they contain information that is useful for more users in the processes of discovery and exploitation of data. Moreover, this data are often accompanied by information about themselves, describing its especifications, quality, etc. We use metadata very often: in a book’s bibliographical card, or in the description of the characteristics of a computer. They may be defined as «descriptive information regarding the context, quality, condition and characteristics of a resource, data or object with the purpose of facilitating is recuperation, identification, evaluation, preservation and / interoperability.» There is an initiative in Spain to standardise the description of metadata in sets of geo-spatial data: the Núcleo Español de Metadatos (Spanish Metadata Nucleus), which contains elements for the description of the particular characteristics of geographical data, includes all the obligatory registers from the ISO Norm 19115 and from the metadata study Dublin Core, traditionally used in library management. Being aware of the need of metadata, to optimise the search and retrieval of data, the objective is to formalise the documentation of archaeological data from the Núcleo Español de Metadatos (Spanish Metadata Nucleus), thus obtaining the interoperability of the archaeological information.

PROV-O: The PROV Ontology Tutorial

Provenance is key for describing the evolution of a resource, the entity responsible for its changes and how these changes affect its final state. A proper description of the provenance of a resource shows who has its attribution and can help resolving whether it can be trusted or not. This tutorial will provide an overview of the W3C PROV data model and its serialization as an OWL ontology. The tutorial will incrementally explain the features of the PROV data model, from the core starting terms to the most complex concepts. Finally, the tutorial will show the relation between PROV-O and the Dublin Core Metadata terms.

Wind intermittency and CO2 reductions: the case of the spanish power system

Renewable energy sources are believed to reduce drastically greenhouse gas emissions that would otherwise be generated from fossil fuels used to generate electricity. This implies that a unit of renewable energy will replace a unit of fossil-fuel, with its CO2 emissions, on an equivalent basis (with no other effects on the grid). But, the fuel economy and emissions in the existing power systems are not proportional with the electricity production of intermittent sources due to cycling of the fossil fuel plants that make up the balance of the grid (i.e. changing the power output makes thermal units to operate less efficiently). This study focuses in the interactions between wind generation and thermal plants cycling, by establishing the levels of extra fuel use caused by decreased efficiencies of fossil back-up for wind electricity in Spain. We analyze the production of all thermal plants in 2011, studying different scenarios where wind penetration causes major deviations in programming, while we define a procedure for quantifying the carbon reductions by using emission factors and efficiency curves from the existing installations. The objectives are to discuss the real contributions of renewable energies to the environmental targets as well as suggest alternatives that would improve the reliability of future power systems.

An ITS architecture specification - The FOTsis project experience

The recent continuous development of Cooperative ITS has resulted in several initiatives which focus on different parts of the Cooperative environment landscape. The FOTsis project focuses on the infrastructure side of the Cooperative environment and will deploy and test 7 services designed to maximise the benefits of the integration of the road operator and infrastructure-based information providers into the ITS environment. This integration can take place in any of the stages of data collection, processing and actuations of the services, but also support and trigger external tasks such as operations of the emergency response entities, etc. This paper describes the current status of the project and focuses on the specification of the supporting architecture to the services tested: references, a brief outline of the requirements’ definition, and the FOTsis architecture proposal, with some conclusions about the architecture tests conducted. The outlook on the project’s next steps is given in the last section of the paper.