1000 resultados para Estado do Paraná
Resumo:
Este trabalho busca interpretar a região de fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai através da análise das políticas públicas de desenvolvimento turístico regional e do processo de regionalização que estas promovem. Compreende-se, assim, que o Estado, enquanto agente formulador de políticas públicas, desenvolve importante papel nas transformações espaciais, sendo o principal indutor dessa regionalização. A análise dessas duas realidades fronteiriças permitiu constatar que, embora constituam espaços contíguos com problemas e situações em comum, apresentam características diferentes em desiguais níveis de desenvolvimento. Metodologicamente, fez-se escolha dos seguintes procedimentos: levantamento bibliográfico; análise das políticas públicas de turismo em tramitação ou já implantadas nessa região; realização de entrevistas com representantes de diversos setores dessa região; levantamento de dados em órgãos estatísticos e trabalho de campo.
Resumo:
A relação da altitude com a temperatura é especialmente importante para as regiões tropicais e subtropicais onde uma diferença altitudinal de algumas centenas de metros provoca mudanças sensíveis no ambiente, adaptação da biota e consequente sucesso na introdução de espécies para cultivo agrícola. A temperatura do ar sofre alterações com a altitude, latitude e longitude e em função do relevo cada local pode apresentar um gradiente térmico específico. Neste trabalho, o Estado de Santa Catarina foi delimitado em grupos climáticos homogêneos e se estabeleceram análises de correlação entre a temperatura média de janeiro, de julho e média anual, com as respectivas altitudes dos grupos assim formados. A correlação da altitude com a temperatura média anual de janeiro, considerando dados de 44 estações meteorológicas, foi mais forte comparada à temperatura média de julho. Para os coeficientes de correlação mais elevados foram obtidas retas de regressão linear simples e os respectivos coeficientes de determinação das retas. O gradiente térmico médio obtido para o conjunto de todas as estações do Estado foi de -1ºC/213m, o que equivale a uma redução de aproximadamente 0,48oC a cada 100 metros de altitude. Foram também obtidos gradientes térmicos médios em função da latitude e longitude. A altitude, latitude e longitude, nesta ordem, influenciam a temperatura média do ar.
Resumo:
O presente artigo tem a finalidade de discutir a apropriação do espaço e a formação de novos territórios e territorialidades por trabalhadores migrantes brasileiros nordestinos, sobretudo os advindos do Estado da Bahia chamados popularmente de “baianos”; para o município de Araucária (Paraná, Brasil). A presença e estadia destes se tornaram alvo de inúmeras controvérsias e mudanças na espacialidade local. A tentativa de se fazer presente e dominante garante expressivos choques entre culturas numa área. No municipio de Araucária, tais choques mostram duas distintas faces: a primeira retrata o ápice do desenvolvimento econômico; a segunda evoca o enfrentamento cultural entre os moradores locais e os migrantes. Compreender como se dão tais vínculos territoriais bem como verificar as consequências sociais e culturais e analisar sua contribuição no local onde se estabeleceram em virtude de seu trabalho, terão como pressuposto teórico os apontamentos de HAESBAERT (2004; 2008), SACK (1986) e RAFFESTIN (1987). As discussões evidenciadas por tais autores foram aliadas à concepção de espaço de relações, de BOURDIEU (1996), além de outros autores que tratam sobre esta temática, numa tentativa de se estabelecer um parâmetro geral acerca da construção de territorialidades singelas, mas que se fazem presentes no cotidiano de toda uma cidade.
Resumo:
O presente trabalho aborda o contexto da Sala de Espera e o tempo ocioso entre a chegada do paciente e seu acolhimento, até o momento de seu efetivo atendimento, quer seja para sua consulta médica, quer seja outra ação para a qual o paciente buscou a Unidade de Saúde. A aplicação de um programa de Educação em Saúde na Sala de Espera foi a ferramenta utilizada para a conversão do tempo ocioso despedido entre sua chegada e a satisfação de suas expectativas, transformando a Sala de Espera em ambiente propício para a construção de momentos de vivências construtivas. O Projeto foi desenvolvido entre os meses de julho a setembro de 2014, na Unidade Básica de Saúde 2 Abril, Ji-Paraná, Município do interior do Estado de RO, dentro da concepção do aproveitamento do tempo ocioso do usuário da Unidade Básica de Saúde, sendo conformado em apresentação de atividades educativas, concebidas de maneira a trabalhar informações sobre o próprio processo de trabalho da Unidade de Saúde, do Sistema Único de Saúde, contemplando seus princípios e doutrinas, bem como as questões ligadas ao exercício da cidadania, cuidados individuais e coletivos. Mostra a experiência bem sucedida da implantação do programa de atividades educativas, que foram ministradas pelos integrantes das Equipes de Saúde da Família apoiadas pela Unidade, como pilar de conversão do usuário, que via de regra, adota uma postura passiva, para uma postura protagonista. Qualifica-se ainda por ampliar a proposta com aspectos de educação e cidadania. A estratégia tanto contemplou o aproveitamento do tempo ocioso, quanto acabou por fomentar a aproximação do usuário ao seu centro de referência quando o assunto é problema de saúde. Esta aproximação serviu também para conotar a Unidade Básica de Saúde como referência de ensinamentos em saúde com reforço do pensamento preventivo e promocional de saúde.
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The objective of this article is to examine the current government proposal of racialization in the Brazilian population, in order to offer support to affirmative action programs that meet the specific needs of those who classify themselves as black. Firstly we focused on the revival of the notion of race among scholars, politicians, and anti-racism activists, as well as on the difficulty in determining who is black in Brazil. Next we examined the racial quota system in the United States and its proclaimed success. Finally, we assessed the extent to which the introduction of racial quota in employment and university enrollment should be imposed as the sole political option for those intending to eliminate racism in Brazilian society.
Resumo:
Chromatography combined with several different detection systems is one of the more used and better performing analytical tools. Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection gives highly selective and sensitive analyses and permits obtaining structural information about the analites and about their molar masses. Due to these characteristics, this analytical technique is very efficient when used to detect substances at trace levels in complex matrices. In this paper we review instrumental and technical aspects of chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and the state of the art of the technique as it is applied to analysis of toxic substances in food.
Resumo:
The validation of an analytical procedure must be certified through the determination of parameters known as figures of merit. For first order data, the acuracy, precision, robustness and bias is similar to the methods of univariate calibration. Linearity, sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, adjustment, selectivity and confidence intervals need different approaches, specific for multivariate data. Selectivity and signal to noise ratio are more critical and they only can be estimated by means of the calculation of the net analyte signal. In second order calibration, some differentes approaches are necessary due to data structure.
Resumo:
This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of using capillary liquid chromatography (CLC), which is considered the newest member in the analytical separation science arsenal. Although CLC has tremendous potential for being the next major innovation in separatory analysis, it has not yet obtained great popularity compared to conventional high performance (and ultra-high performance) liquid chromatography. Comparisons are made between these techniques and some of the reasons that CLC has not yet reached its potential will be advanced.
Resumo:
No Tillage system is fully incorporated to farming in the region of Campos Gerais, state of Paraná. Accuracy and precision in the planting process are items of great importance for the success of this system. In order to evaluate the planting process, thirty eight farms were selected as sites for analysis of the placement depth of seeds. The research area was 4 or 5 planting rows, evaluating 10 plantlets per row. The average seed depth was around 46 mm, and significant differences between rows were observed in 21 areas. The average coefficient of variation was around 20%, the statistical limit between medium and high. Analyses of other parameters show that those coefficients may represent different errors in the process. The planting process in Campos Gerais can be considered efficient regarding to the average seed depth. However, the analysis of variability implies de need of actions concerning to anthropic and machinery factors.
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The objective of this study was to analyze changes in the spectral behavior of the soybean crop through spectral profiles of the vegetation indexes NDVI and GVI, expressed by different physical values such as apparent bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF), surface BRF, and normalized BRF derived from images of the Landsat 5/TM. A soybean area located in Cascavel, Paraná, was monitored by using five images of Landsat 5/TM during the 2004/2005 harvesting season. The images were submitted to radiometric transformation, atmospheric correction and normalization, determining physical values of apparent BRF, surface BRF and normalized BRF. NDVI and GVI images were generated in order to distinguish the soybean biomass spectral response. The treatments showed different results for apparent, surface and normalized BRF. Through the profiles of average NDVI and GVI, it was possible to monitor the entire soybean cycle, characterizing its development. It was also observed that the data from normalized BRF negatively affected the spectral curve of soybean crop, mainly, during the phase of vegetative growth, in the 12-9-2004 image.
Resumo:
The main objective of this work was to evaluate the linear regression between spectral response and soybean yield in regional scale. In this study were monitored 36 municipalities from the west region of the states of Parana using five images of Landsat 5/TM during 2004/05 season. The spectral response was converted in physical values, apparent and surface reflectances, by radiometric transformation and atmospheric corrections and both used to calculate NDVI and GVI vegetation indices. Those ones were compared by multiple and simple regression with government official yield values (IBGE). Diagnostic processing method to identify influents values or collinearity was applied to the data too. The results showed that the mean surface reflectance value from all images was more correlated with yield than individual dates. Further, the multiple regressions using all dates and both vegetation indices gave better results than simple regression.
Resumo:
A floristic survey was carried out in the Grota Funda Municipal Park, Atibaia Municipality, Sao Paulo State (45º45 - 46º 45'W and 23º10 - 23º15'S), a mountainous region from 900 to 1400 meters above sea level. The climate is characterized by two seasons a hot, moist period from October to March and a dry, cold period from April to August, with frequent frosts. The sandy soil is low in fertility and highly acid at the surface. The study was done from April 1987 to November 1988. A total of 415 species were collected and identified: 362 dicotyledons belonging to 84 families and 224 genera, and 53 monocotyledons beloging to 15 families and 43 genera. Species richness in Atibaia can be attributed to environmental diversity, edaphic variation, and slight disturbance of the vegetation. A comparison with other floristic surveys in mountain forests was made and a list of the most common species of this kind of forest is presented.
Resumo:
Is the carrasco on the Ibiapaba plateau a unique plant formation? To answer this question the vertical height (except of climbers) and the stem basal diameter (from 3cm on) of woody plants were measured, and soil extracts (0-50 and 50-100cm depth) were taken from 100 random plots (10x10m) at Jaburuna (3º54'34S and 40º59'24W, altitudes near 830m), municipality of Ubajara, Ceará State. Data on climate, soil, diameter height, density, basal area, and physiognomy were compared with those surveyed by other researchers from the carrasco, caatinga, and cerrado in Northeastern Brazil. The carrasco occurs under an annual rainfall of between 668 and 1,289mm and temperatures from 22 to 24ºC, on alic Quartz Sand soils, at altitudes between 700 and 900m: it has a larger density and a smaller basal area than the caatinga and the cerrado, small and similar diameters, and an average vertical height between 3,7 and 5,4m. It differs from the caatinga, cerrado (and cerradão) and secondary forest in many items of lhe ecotope, organization and physiognomy, thus being a unique plain formation, which can be characterized as a deciduous, high, closed, and unistratified shrubland intermingled by lianas, with an irregular canopy and sparse, emergent trees.
Resumo:
The aim of this paper was to identify, according to gender, the indexes of Mental Health and the Psychosocial Risk Factors in workers at a state University. A sample of 400 was randomly selected, 253 female and 147 male. They were assessed by means of The Questionnaire SWS Survey (Self, Work and Social) (Ostermann & Gutiérrez, 1992), validated in Brazil by Guimarães and Macfadden (1999). Univariate, bivariate, multivariate statistics were assessed. Significant associations emerged from Mental Health and Gender, and Psychosocial Risk Factors and Gender. Women showed greater Psychosocial Risk Factors, Work and Social Stress, worst mental health than men (p < 0.05), which place them at greater risk for developing physical and/or mental illness.
Resumo:
PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of pterygium in a population-based sample at Botucatu City - São Paulo State, Brazil. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study with randomized clustered sampling of households was conducted in the urban area of the Botucatu City -São Paulo State, Brazil and 85.1% of the intended sample was evaluated. All participants were submitted to ophthalmologic examination and the data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of pterygium lesion in Botucatu City was 8.12% (7.0% < CI < 9.2%), affecting mainly males (10.4% males X 6.5% females - 8.5% < CI < 12.3% for males and 5.1% < CI < 7.8% for females) with 49.6 ± 14.9 years old in average; 32.18% of the pterygium carriers aged between 40 and 50 years. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of pterygium at Botucatu is 8.12%, affecting most frequently 40-50 year-old males.