Conflito Trabalho-Família/Família-Trabalho e Capital Psicológico Positivo em Professores

Este estudo teve três grandes objetivos. Por um lado procurámos conhecer a prevalência do conflito trabalho-família e os níveis de capital psicológico positivo em professores; por outro, foi nosso intuito analisar a relação existente na perceção do conflito trabalho-família e os seus reflexos no capital psicológico individual; por fim, quisemos compreender a influência de algumas variáveis sociodemográficas nos dois constructos em estudo. Voluntariamente participaram nesta investigação 231 professores do ensino público e privado, aos quais foi aplicado o Questionário CTF_CP, composto por um conjunto de questões de caracterização sociodemográfica, pela escala S.W.I.N.G. (para avaliação do conflito trabalho-família) e pelo PsyCap Questionnaire (para determinação do capital psicológico positivo). No geral estes profissionais apresentaram níveis moderados de conflito trabalho-família negativo e de conflito família-trabalho-família positivo, assim como níveis moderados de autoeficácia, de resiliência e de capital psicológico positivo. Relativamente às variáveis sociodemográficas verificou-se que o conflito trabalho-família e família-trabalho negativo é significativamente mais elevado nos professores do ensino público, enquanto o conflito família-trabalho-família positivo é mais elevado nos professores do ensino privado. Verificou-se também que é o sexo feminino quem apresenta maiores índices de conflito trabalho-família negativo. Através da regressão linear constatou-se que as três dimensões do conflito trabalho-família estudadas explicam 24,3% da variação obtida no capital psicológico positivo dos inquiridos.

As Perceções de Justiça Organizacional no Sistema de Recompensas e a sua Influência na Satisfação no Trabalho : Estudo de Caso INATEL

Em face das transformações impostas pela globalização da economia as organizações necessitam de se adaptar às novas exigências para se tornarem mais competitivas e consequentemente devem procurar um melhor relacionamento com os seus colaboradores, de forma a aumentar os seus níveis de satisfação no trabalho. Neste sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar quais as dimensões de justiça organizacional que, num contexto do sistema de recompensas, são identificadas pelos trabalhadores e qual a sua influência na satisfação no trabalho. Para o efeito foi efetuada uma revisão de literatura sobre as temáticas em estudo, que permitiu a elaboração dos instrumentos de medida das diferentes dimensões de justiça organizacional, bem como da satisfação do trabalho. Para esta última temática foi utilizado um instrumento de medida sobejamente testado: o Job Satisfaction Survey de Spector (1985). Deste modo, nesta investigação foi aplicada uma metodologia descritiva quantitativa através de um questionário que integra as duas temáticas anteriormente referidas (justiça organizacional e satisfação no trabalho), que foi aplicado a cento e trinta e nove colaboradores na Sede da Fundação INATEL. Da análise dos coeficientes de regressão múltipla obtidos para as três dimensões de justiça organizacional (distributiva, procedimental e interaccional) verifica-se que a justiça distributiva revelou ser o preditor significativo da satisfação no trabalho. Já no que se refere às dimensões de justiça procedimental e justiça interaccional os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que estas dimensões não têm influência sobre a satisfação no trabalho.

A qualidade de vida na população idosa do concelho da Sertã : estudo exploratório

O presente estudo debruçou-se sobre a Qualidade de Vida na População Idosa do Concelho da Sertã, em diferentes contextos habitacionais: em regime de instituição (lar ou centro de dia) e em regime de residência própria sem estarem associados a qualquer instituição. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com dois objectivos principais: 1) conhecer e comparar a qualidade de vida dos idosos do concelho da Sertã em diferentes regimes habitacionais; 2) construir um questionário de avaliação da qualidade de vida no idosos, que englobe as 8 grandes dimensões da qualidade de vida no idoso: 1) Bem Estar Emocional, 2) Relações Interpessoais, 3) Bem Estar Material 4) Desenvolvimento Pessoal, 5) Bem Estar Físico, 6) Auto-determinação 7) Inclusão Social, 8) Direitos e, a avaliação global da qualidade de vida. Foi utilizada uma amostra de 60 idosos do concelho da Sertã, escolhidos aleatoriamente, com idade superior a 65 anos. Foram entrevistados, através do questionário construído pela investigadora, 30 idosos institucionalizados (idade média: 82; 40% mulheres) e 30 idosos sem estarem associados a qualquer instituição (idade média: 75,23; 33,3% mulheres). Os primeiros revelam maior percepção de boa qualidade de vida, atribuindo à Instituição um contributo positivo e fundamental no seu “bem-estar físico” e nas “relações interpessoais”. Os idosos que se encontram sem qualquer apoio institucional, revelam menor satisfação na sua qualidade de vida, principalmente no âmbito do “bem-estar físico”, do “bem-estar emocional”, da “inclusão social” e das “relações interpessoais”.

The Centre of Memories: work in progress. Case of the Michel Giacometti Labour Museum, Setúbal, Portugal

The work on Social Memory, focused on the biographic method and the paths of immaterial Heritage, are the fabric that we have chosen to substantiate the idea of museum. The social dimensions of memory, its construction and representation, are the thickness of the exhibition fabric. The specificity of museological work in contemporary times resembles a fine lace, a meticulous weaving of threads that flow from time, admirable lace, painstaking and complex, created with many needles, made up of hollow spots and stitches (of memories and things forgotten). Repetitions and symmetries are the pace that perpetuates it, the rhythmic grammar that gives it body. A fluid body, a single piece, circumstantial. It is always possible to create new patterns, new compositions, with the same threads. Accurately made, properly made, this lace of memories and things forgotten is always an extraordinary creation, a web of wonder that expands fantasy, generates value and feeds the endless reserve of the community’s knowledge, values and beliefs.

Estratégias de inovação visando a competitividade empresarial- um estudo multicasos de gestão dos hotéis portas da Amazónia e faraó no município de Belém-Pará

Esta dissertação teve como objetivo principal analisar como a Estratégia da Inovação poderia ser empregada em benefício da competitividade das organizações hoteleiras, tendo em vista as experiências de inovação dos Hotéis Portas da Amazônia e Faraó. Os Hotéis Portas da Amazônia e Faraó destacam-se pela realização de experiências inovadoras, o primeiro apresenta uma proposta de Hotel Histórico, nasceu a partir da restauração de um casarão do início do século XIX e atende o segmento do Turismo Internacional e o segundo uma proposta de Hotel Temático, sendo entitulado o primeiro hotel temático do norte. O acirramento da concorrência no mercado hoteleiro de Belém-Pará, devido aos novos entrantes (grandes redes hoteleiras) e substitutos como flats, está provocando a redução das margens de lucro ademais está obrigando os gestores das empresas de micro e pequeno porte a repensarem suas estratégias de competição. Sendo que a inovação é uma estratégia que pode contribuir para criação e sustentação da vantagem competitiva. A metodologia adotada nesta investigação foi inicialmente o levantamento bibliográfico. Além disso, foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas para os gestores dos hotéis. A entrevista baseou-se no Radar da Inovação para a classificação das Estratégias de Inovação. A investigação revelou que o empresário do Hotel Portas da Amazônia realizou uma inovação em modelo de negócios e inovação em descoberta de um novo mercado. Porém, no Hotel Faraó, identificou-se apenas um caso de inovação incremental em suas instalações como na decoração do prédio, pois para a proposta de um hotel temático, a gestão precisaria explorar a experiência do cliente. Nos dois casos, constatou-se que várias dimensões da inovação são negligenciadas como ofertas, experiências do consumidor e a inovação na organização.

The creation of euro area financial safety nets. Bruegel Working Paper 2012/09, July 2012

The financial crisis has exposed the need to devise stronger and broader international and regional safety nets in order to deal with economic and financial shocks and allow for countries to adjust. The euro area has developed several such mechanisms over the last couple of years through a process of trial and error and gradual enhancement and expansion. Their overall architecture remains imperfect and leaves areas of vulnerabilities. This paper provides an overview of the recent financial stability mechanisms and their various shortcomings and tries to brush the outline of a more comprehensive safety net architecture that would coherently address the banking, sovereign and external imbalances crises against both transitory and more permanent shocks. It aims to provide a roadmap for further improvements of the current mechanism and the creation of new devices including a banking resolution mechanism and amore powerfulmechanismto provide financial assistance addressing both the sovereign and external dimensions of the shocks thereby reducing the need for the ECB to fill the current void.

Use of fused airborne scanning laser altimetry and digital map data for urban flood modelling

Flood modelling of urban areas is still at an early stage, partly because until recently topographic data of sufficiently high resolution and accuracy have been lacking in urban areas. However, Digital Surface Models (DSMs) generated from airborne scanning laser altimetry (LiDAR) having sub-metre spatial resolution have now become available, and these are able to represent the complexities of urban topography. The paper describes the development of a LiDAR post-processor for urban flood modelling based on the fusion of LiDAR and digital map data. The map data are used in conjunction with LiDAR data to identify different object types in urban areas, though pattern recognition techniques are also employed. Post-processing produces a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for use as model bathymetry, and also a friction parameter map for use in estimating spatially-distributed friction coefficients. In vegetated areas, friction is estimated from LiDAR-derived vegetation height, and (unlike most vegetation removal software) the method copes with short vegetation less than ~1m high, which may occupy a substantial fraction of even an urban floodplain. The DTM and friction parameter map may also be used to help to generate an unstructured mesh of a vegetated urban floodplain for use by a 2D finite element model. The mesh is decomposed to reflect floodplain features having different frictional properties to their surroundings, including urban features such as buildings and roads as well as taller vegetation features such as trees and hedges. This allows a more accurate estimation of local friction. The method produces a substantial node density due to the small dimensions of many urban features.

Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology, Department of Archaeology, University of Reading

The Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology (BABAO) held at the University of Reading in 2007. Contents: 1) A life course perspective of growing up in medieval London: evidence of sub-adult health from St Mary Spital (London) (Rebecca Redfern and Don Walker); 2) Preservation of non-adult long bones from an almshouse cemetery in the United States dating to the late nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries (Colleen Milligan, Jessica Zotcavage and Norman Sullivan); 3) Childhood oral health: dental palaeopathology of Kellis 2, Dakhleh, Egypt. A preliminary investigation (Stephanie Shukrum and JE Molto); 4) Skeletal manifestation of non-adult scurvy from early medieval Northumbria: the Black Gate cemetery, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (Diana Mahoney-Swales and Pia Nystrom); 5) Infantile cortical hyperostosis: cases, causes and contradictions (Mary Lewis and Rebecca Gowland); 6) Biological Anthropology Tuberculosis of the hip in the Victorian Britain (Benjamin Clarke and Piers Mitchell); 7) The re-analysis of Iron Age human skeletal material from Winnall Down (Justine Tracey); 8) Can we estimate post-mortem interval from an individual body part? A field study using sus scrofa (Branka Franicevec and Robert Pastor); 9) The expression of asymmetry in hand bones from the medieval cemetery at Écija, Spain (Lisa Cashmore and Sonia Zakrezewski); 10) Returning remains: a curator’s view (Quinton Carroll); 11) Authority and decision making over British human remains: issues and challenges (Piotr Bienkowski and Malcolm Chapman); 12) Ethical dimensions of reburial, retention and repatriation of archaeological human remains: a British perspective (Simon Mays and Martin Smith); 13) The problem of provenace: inaccuracies, changes and misconceptions (Margaret Clegg); 14) Native American human remains in UK collections: implications of NAGPRA to consultation, repatriation, and policy development (Myra J Giesen); 15) Repatriation – a view from the receiving end: New Zealand (Nancy Tayles).

Causes of the apparent scale independence of fractal indices associated with forest fragmentation in Bolivia

In a recent investigation, Landsat TM and ETM+ data were used to simulate different resolutions of remotely-sensed images (from 30 to 1100 m) and to analyze the effect of resolution on a range of landscape metrics associated with spatial patterns of forest fragmentation in Chapare, Bolivia since the mid-1980s. Whereas most metrics were found to be highly dependent on pixel size, several fractal metrics (DLFD, MPFD, and AWMPFD) were apparently independent of image resolution, in contradiction with a sizeable body of literature indicating that fractal dimensions of natural objects depend strongly on image characteristics. The present re-analysis of the Chapare images, using two alternative algorithms routinely used for the evaluation of fractal dimensions, shows that the values of the box-counting and information fractal dimensions are systematically larger, sometimes by as much as 85%, than the "fractal" indices DLFD, MPFD, and AWMFD for the same images. In addition, the geometrical fractal features of the forest and non-forest patches in the Chapare region strongly depend on the resolution of images used in the analysis. The largest dependency on resolution occurs for the box-counting fractal dimension in the case of the non-forest patches in 1993, where the difference between the 30 and I 100 m-resolution images corresponds to 24% of the full theoretical range (1.0 to 2.0) of the mass fractal dimension. The observation that the indices DLFD, MPFD, and AWMPFD, unlike the classical fractal dimensions, appear relatively unaffected by resolution in the case of the Chapare images seems due essentially to the fact that these indices are based on a heuristic, "non-geometric" approach to fractals. Because of their lack of a foundation in fractal geometry, nothing guarantees that these indices will be resolution-independent in general. (C) 2006 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Variational calculations of rovibrational states: a precise high-energy potential surface for HCN [and discussion]

We report the results of variational calculations of the rovibrational energy levels of HCN for J = 0, 1 and 2, where we reproduce all the ca. 100 observed vibrational states for all observed isotopic species, with energies up to 18000 cm$^{-1}$, to about $\pm $1 cm$^{-1}$, and the corresponding rotational constants to about $\pm $0.001 cm$^{-1}$. We use a hamiltonian expressed in internal coordinates r$_{1}$, r$_{2}$ and $\theta $, using the exact expression for the kinetic energy operator T obtained by direct transformation from the cartesian representation. The potential energy V is expressed as a polynomial expansion in the Morse coordinates y$_{i}$ for the bond stretches and the interbond angle $\theta $. The basis functions are built as products of appropriately scaled Morse functions in the bond-stretches and Legendre or associated Legendre polynomials of cos $\theta $ in the angle bend, and we evaluate matrix elements by Gauss quadrature. The hamiltonian matripx is factorized using the full rovibrational symmetry, and the basis is contracted to an optimized form; the dimensions of the final hamiltonian matrix vary from 240 $\times $ 240 to 1000 $\times $ 1000.We believe that our calculation is converged to better than 1 cm$^{-1}$ at 18 000 cm$^{-1}$. Our potential surface is expressed in terms of 31 parameters, about half of which have been refined by least squares to optimize the fit to the experimental data. The advantages and disadvantages and the future potential of calculations of this type are discussed.

The effects of irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer and grain size on Hagberg falling number, specific weight and blackpoint of winter wheat

The effects of irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on Hagberg falling number (HFN), specific weight (SW) and blackpoint (BP) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) were investigated. Mains water (+50 and +100 mm month(-1), containing 44 mg NO3- litre(-1) and 28 mg SO42- litre(-1)) was applied with trickle irrigation during winter (17 January-17 March), spring (21 March-20 May) or summer (24 May-23 July). In 1999/2000 these treatments were factorially combined with three N levels (0, 200, 400 kg N ha(-1)), applied to cv Hereward. In 2000/01 the 400 kg N ha(-1) treatment was replaced with cv Malacca given 200 kg N ha(-1). Irrigation increased grain yield, mostly by increasing grain numbers when applied in winter and spring, and by increasing mean grain weight when applied in summer. Nitrogen increased grain numbers and SW, and reduced BP in both years. Nitrogen increased HFN in 1999/2000 and reduced HFN in 2000/01. Effects of irrigation on HFN, SW and BP were smaller and inconsistent over year and nitrogen level. Irrigation interacted with N on mean grain weight: negatively for winter and spring irrigation, and positively for summer irrigation. Ten variables derived from digital image analysis of harvested grain were included with mean grain weight in a principal components analysis. The first principal component ('size') was negatively related to HFN (in two years) and BP (one year), and positively related to SW (two years). Treatment effects on dimensions of harvested grain could not explain all of the effects on HFN, BP and SW but the results were consistent with the hypothesis that water and nutrient availability, even when they were affected early in the season, could influence final grain quality if they influenced grain numbers and size. (C) 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

Conceptual development of a harmonised method for tracking change and evaluating policy in the agri-environment: The Agri-environmental Footprint Index

An aggregated farm-level index, the Agri-environmental Footprint Index (AFI), based on multiple criteria methods and representing a harmonised approach to evaluation of EU agri-environmental schemes is described. The index uses a common framework for the design and evaluation of policy that can be customised to locally relevant agri-environmental issues and circumstances. Evaluation can be strictly policy-focused, or broader and more holistic in that context-relevant assessment criteria that are not necessarily considered in the evaluated policy can nevertheless be incorporated. The Index structure is flexible, and can respond to diverse local needs. The process of Index construction is interactive, engaging farmers and other relevant stakeholders in a transparent decision-making process that can ensure acceptance of the outcome, help to forge an improved understanding of local agri-environmental priorities and potentially increase awareness of the critical role of farmers in environmental management. The structure of the AFI facilitates post-evaluation analysis of relative performance in different dimensions of the agri-environment, permitting identification of current strengths and weaknesses, and enabling future improvement in policy design. Quantification of the environmental impact of agriculture beyond the stated aims of policy using an 'unweighted' form of the AFI has potential as the basis of an ongoing system of environmental audit within a specified agricultural context. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Categories of GM risk-benefit perceptions and their antecedents

The stated benefits and perceived risks of genetic modification (GM) cover very diverse issues, such as food safety, world food security, and the environment, that may differentially affect consumer acceptance. In this research, we hypothesize that consumers perceive up to eight dimensions: risks to business (farmers, agribusiness, etc.), benefits to business, risks and benefits to the environment, risks and benefits to the developing world, and risks and benefits to self and family. Moral concerns are also recognized. Using data collected in 2002 in the United States, France, and the UK, we investigate these different dimensions. Second, we analyze the extent to which the dimensions of risk-benefit perceptions can be explained by general attitudes widely used to explain food purchase behavior (such as general attitude to the environment, to technology, etc.), as well as by perceived knowledge of GM, level of education, and trust in various sources of information. In all locations, the majority of consumers only perceive a medium level of risk from GM products. Attitude to technology is the most important attitude variable—those with a positive attitude to technology in general also have a positive attitude to GM technology. More Americans than Europeans fall into this category. Those who trust government and the food industry tend to think GM technology is less risky, whereas those who trust activists believe the opposite. Americans are more trusting of the former, Europeans of the latter. Level of education is positively associated with benefit perceptions and negatively associated with moral concerns. Location continues to play a limited independent role in explaining perceptions even after these factors have been taken into account.

A method for evaluating alternative landscape management scenarios in relation to the biodiversity conservation of habitats

A perennial issue for land use policy is the evaluation of landscape biodiversity and the associated cost effectiveness of any biodiversity conservation policy actions. Based on the CUA methodology as applied to species conservation, this paper develops a methodology for evaluating the impact on habitats of alternative landscape management scenarios. The method incorporates three dimensions of habitats, quantity change, quality change and relative scarcity, and is illustrated in relation to the alternative landscape management scenarios for the Scottish Highlands (Cairngorms) study area of the BioScene project. The results demonstrate the value of the method for evaluating biodiversity conservation policies through their impact on habitats.