Assistência à criança: a importância da consulta de enfermagem em puericultura na Estratégia de Saúde da Família

A puericultura é ferramenta importante para a manutenção da saúde das crianças. Ela se baseia no acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento de crianças menores de cinco anos, considerando a família e o contexto social no qual estão inseridos. O enfermeiro lotado na Estratégia Saúde da Família através do programa de puericultura desenvolve as ações de promoção, proteção e recuperação de doenças e promove um crescimento saudável. Este estudo tem como objetivo destacar a importância da consulta de enfermagem na puericultura na Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Esta pesquisa foi um estudo de revisão da literatura sobre puericultura e consulta de enfermagem, em que se utilizaram fontes científicas relacionadas ao tema, encontradas em livros, artigos, manuais e textos da base de dados de bibliotecas virtuais de universidades. A pesquisa literária e a redação deste trabalho foram realizadas no período de outubro de 2012 a junho de 2013. Considerou-se que, é preciso dedicação, interesse e humanização para assistência à criança em sua fase de puericultura, pois o binômio, mãe-filho sempre buscarão o apoio ao profissional de enfermagem, que precisam se capacitar em prol de atendimentos específicos à puericultura, principalmente, o enfermeiro.

Organização da assistência à saúde da criança na Unidade Básica de Saúde Santa Rita

A unidade básica de Saúde (UBS) Santa Rita, localizada no município de Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, é um estabelecimento de saúde que presta assistência para 26.000 usuários, sem a Estratégia de Saúde da Família, visto que não há adstrição de clientela ou territorialização. Não é comum o seguimento longitudinal das crianças na unidade, sendo a puericultura uma prática rara. A população nativa desconhece a importância do acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento das crianças de zero a dez anos e a equipe subutiliza a caderneta de vacinação e pouco valoriza as orientações nutricionais. É indiscutível que abordagem familiar com palestras é fundamental, ao enfatizar a adesão às consultas, e, dessa forma, permitir o acompanhamento neuropsicomotor das crianças e a prevenção de doenças. A elaboração de um check-list é uma estratégia de melhorar o acolhimento, tornando-o completo e mais vigilante. Dessa forma, é crucial a capacitação da equipe, provendo educação científica. O objetivo do projeto foi organizar a assistência à saúde da criança na UBS Santa Rita. Trata-se de um projeto de intervenção direta na UBS Santa Rita, desenvolvido a partir do Método do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES) buscando identificar os problemas na unidade, os nós críticos para o enfrentamento dos mesmos e, por fim, elaborar um plano de ação. Espera-se com este projeto alcançar melhoria na qualidade de assistência à saúde da criança com enfoque na organização efetiva da assistência à saúde. Dessa forma, a puericultura se tornará uma prática comum, com alta adesão da população e dos profissionais da unidade

Estimulação precoce da criança com microcefalia de 0 a 3 anos

Embora não exista um tratamento específico para a microcefalia, devem-se utilizar ações de suporte que possam auxiliar no desenvolvimento do bebê e da criança. Este livro digital contempla informações sobre a estimulação precoce da criança com microcefalia de 0 a 3 anos.

Abordagem em Saúde da Criança na Atenção Primária no Município de Simão Dias - SE

Esse trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma abordagem em saúde da criança na atenção primária no município de Simão Dias-SE, dando destaque para a puericultura e o aleitamento materno. O local de inserção da Unidade Básica de Saúde é de baixa condição econômica e social, além de ser uma área vulnerável e de de alta criminalidade. Diante disso, é importante que seja feita uma educação em saúde de toda a população. Tanto leite materno e a prática da realização de consultas de puericulturas, são essenciais para a preservação da saúde da criança e para seu desenvolvimento adequado. Assim, esse trabalho consiste no portfólio e projeto de intervenção, apresentando uma revisão bibliográfica para melhor embasamento teórico além das demais atividades exigidas.

[factors That Influence Bone Mass Of Healthy Children And Adolescents Measured By Quantitative Ultrasound At The Hand Phalanges: A Systematic Review].

To analyze the main factors that influence bone mass in children and teenagers assessed by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the phalanges. A systematic literature review was performed according to the PRISMA method with searches in databases Pubmed/Medline, SciELO and Bireme for the period 2001-2012, in English and Portuguese languages, using the keywords: children, teenagers, adolescent, ultrasound finger phalanges, quantitative ultrasound of phalanges, phalangeal quantitative ultrasound. 21 articles were included. Girls had, in QUS, Amplitude Dependent Speed of Sound (AD-SoS) values higher than boys during pubertal development. The values of the parameters of QUS of the phalanges and dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) increased with the increase of the maturational stage. Anthropometric variables such as age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), lean mass showed positive correlations with the values of QUS of the phalanges. Physical activity has also been shown to be positively associated with increased bone mass. Factors such as ethnicity, genetics, caloric intake and socioeconomic profile have not yet shown a conclusive relationship and need a larger number of studies. QUS of the phalanges is a method used to evaluate the progressive acquisition of bone mass during growth and maturation of individuals in school phase, by monitoring changes that occur with increasing age and pubertal stage. There were mainly positive influences in variables of sex, maturity, height, weight and BMI, with similar data when compared to the gold standard method, the DXA.

O desenvolvimento do texto dissertativo em crianças da 4ª série

This reaserch analysed the developmental stage of fourth grade (primary school) children in ability of writting argumentative texts joint with their context. The reason of this reaserch is the lack of new studies in linguistical area and high ratio of unable students to make this kind of text. It will be showed the analysis of making text by public schools children for three months. These data were analysed trying identify argumentative operators, the kinds of arguments used and the stage of the argumentative ability of these children. The study showed that the introduction of argumentative text in first grades give them more chances of succeed, preparing these pupils in their finishing high school. This fact obviously will make easier the development of their critical point of view, helping the students to think about their living social reality.

Políticas sociais de atendimento às crianças e aos adolescentes no Brasil

This article analyses the emergence and development of social policies for children and adolescents attendance that are in line with the development process of the Brazilian social protection system, focusing on some of the main representations attributed to childhood, according to the historical and political periods. It seeks to present the notion of childhood instituted under the constitution of the Brazilian welfare state, in such a way as to place it within the broader context of the historical and political transformations that involved the emergence and consolidation of the social policies directed towards children and adolescents in Brazil in the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st.

Polímeros biomiméticos em química analítica. Parte 2: aplicações de MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymers) no desenvolvimento de sensores químicos

The aim of this paper is the description of the strategies and advances in the use of MIP in the development of chemical sensors. MIP has been considered an emerging technology, which allows the synthesis of materials that can mimic some highly specific natural receptors such as antibodies and enzymes. In recent years a great number of publications have demonstrated a growth in their use as sensing phases in the construction of sensors . Thus, the MIP technology became very attractive as a promising analytical tool for the development of sensors.

Ecomateriais: desenvolvimento e aplicação de materiais porosos funcionais para proteção ambiental

Fundamental aspects of the conception and applications of ecomaterials, in particular porous materials in the perspective of green chemistry are discussed in this paper. General recommendations for description and classification of porous materials are reviewed briefly. By way of illustration, some case studies of materials design and applications in pollution detection and remediation are described. It is shown here how different materials developed by our groups, such as porous glasses, ecomaterials from biomass and anionic clays were programmed to perform specific functions. A discussion of the present and future of ecomaterials in green chemistry is presented along with important key goals.

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de nanocápsulas de poli (L-lactídeo) contendo benzocaína

In this paper we describe the preparation poly (L-lactide) (PLA) nanocapsules as a drug delivery system for the local anesthetic benzocaine. The characterization and in vitro release properties of the system were investigated. The characterization results showed a polydispersity index of 0.14, an average diameter of 190.1± 3 nm, zeta potential of -38.5 mV and an entrapment efficiency of 73%. The release profile of Benzocaine loaded in PLA nanocapsules showed a significant different behavior than that of the pure anesthetic in solution. This study is important to characterize a drug release system using benzocaine for application in pain treatment.

Desenvolvimento de um algoritmo para identificação e correção de spikes em espectroscopia Raman de imagem

Raman imaging spectroscopy is a highly useful analytical tool that provides spatial and spectral information on a sample. However, CCD detectors used in dispersive instruments present the drawback of being sensitive to cosmic rays, giving rise to spikes in Raman spectra. Spikes influence variance structures and must be removed prior to the use of multivariate techniques. A new algorithm for correction of spikes in Raman imaging was developed using an approach based on comparison of nearest neighbor pixels. The algorithm showed characteristics including simplicity, rapidity, selectivity and high quality in spike removal from hyperspectral images.

Desenvolvimento, produção e caracterização de nanocristais de fármacos pouco solúveis

Poorly soluble drugs have low bioavailability, representing a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. Processing drugs into the nanosized range changes their physical properties, and these are being used in pharmaceutics to develop innovative formulations known as Nanocrystals. Use of nanocrystals to overcome the problem of low bioavailability, and their production using different techniques such as microfluidization or high pressure homogenization, was reviewed in this paper. Examples of drugs, cosmetics and nutraceutical ingredients were also discussed. These technologies are well established in the pharmaceutical industry and are approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método espectrofotométrico para determinação de corante à base de luteína adicionado em iogurte desnatado

A simple analytical method for extraction and quantification of lutein colorant added to yogurt was developed and validated. The method allowed complete extraction of carotenoids using tetrahydrofuran in vortex, followed by centrifugation, partition to diethyl ether/petroleum ether, and drying. The carotenoids dissolved in ethanol were quantified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This method showed linearity in the range tested (1.41-13.42 µg g-1), limits of detection and quantification of 0.42 and 1.28 µg g-1, respectively, low relative standard deviation (3.4%) and recovery ranging from 95 to 103%. The method proved reliable for quantification of lutein added to yogurt.

Desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma servoválvula de baixo custo para a aplicação de insumos líquidos

The present work aimed the development of a low cost servo-valve that answers to an electronic control signal, for variable rates liquid inputs application. A literature research to define which valve type should be used was made. A mechanically activated proportional valve with an electronically controlled servo-engine was designed and evaluated. Since developed the servo-valve, the system was submited to a number of tests .The evaluation of its behavior was obtained in terms of repeatability, hystheresis and linearity. The test was accomplished in a bench, specially developed for this aim. As a result, were obtained three curves of opening percentage as function of flow rate, describing three opening and closing increments in two different work pressures. The servo-valve presented a good repeatability, reasonable hysteresis and a typically quadratic curve. This one maintained the low cost target. These results were very satisfied because the non-linearity and the hysteresis could be easily corrected by software.

Formação das substâncias de reserva durante o desenvolvimento de sementes de urucum (Bixa orellana L. - Bixaceae)

Annatto seeds do not germinate during early stages of their development because of insufficient reserve substances. In situ analysis showed that the principal reserves are proteins and starch, deposited in endosperm cells. During the early stages of development, the starch grains were elliptic, because amylose was the minor component. During development, these grains became more spherical due to an increase in amylose relative to amylopectin. Endosperm cells do not contain protein bodies, but they accumulate proteins dispersed in the cytoplasm. At the final stage of development the proteins became compacted due to the dehydration of the seeds wich is part of the global process of orthodox seeds maturation. Natural fluorescence revealed aromatic amino acids, principally tryptophan and tyrosine in the proteins. The seeds reached their maximum dry weight after moisture contents had declined to around 60%. At this point the seeds presented maximum germination capacity.