Enhancing Agent Mediated Electronic Markets with Ontology Matching Services and Social Network Support

Os Mercados Eletrónicos atingiram uma complexidade e nível de sofisticação tão elevados, que tornaram inadequados os modelos de software convencionais. Estes mercados são caracterizados por serem abertos, dinâmicos e competitivos, e constituídos por várias entidades independentes e heterogéneas. Tais entidades desempenham os seus papéis de forma autónoma, seguindo os seus objetivos, reagindo às ocorrências do ambiente em que se inserem e interagindo umas com as outras. Esta realidade levou a que existisse por parte da comunidade científica um especial interesse no estudo da negociação automática executada por agentes de software [Zhang et al., 2011]. No entanto, a diversidade dos atores envolvidos pode levar à existência de diferentes conceptualizações das suas necessidades e capacidades dando origem a incompatibilidades semânticas, que podem prejudicar a negociação e impedir a ocorrência de transações que satisfaçam as partes envolvidas. Os novos mercados devem, assim, possuir mecanismos que lhes permitam exibir novas capacidades, nomeadamente a capacidade de auxiliar na comunicação entre os diferentes agentes. Pelo que, é defendido neste trabalho que os mercados devem oferecer serviços de ontologias que permitam facilitar a interoperabilidade entre os agentes. No entanto, os humanos tendem a ser relutantes em aceitar a conceptualização de outros, a não ser que sejam convencidos de que poderão conseguir um bom negócio. Neste contexto, a aplicação e exploração de relações capturadas em redes sociais pode resultar no estabelecimento de relações de confiança entre vendedores e consumidores, e ao mesmo tempo, conduzir a um aumento da eficiência da negociação e consequentemente na satisfação das partes envolvidas. O sistema AEMOS é uma plataforma de comércio eletrónico baseada em agentes que inclui serviços de ontologias, mais especificamente, serviços de alinhamento de ontologias, incluindo a recomendação de possíveis alinhamentos entre as ontologias dos parceiros de negociação. Este sistema inclui também uma componente baseada numa rede social, que é construída aplicando técnicas de análise de redes socias sobre informação recolhida pelo mercado, e que permite melhorar a recomendação de alinhamentos e auxiliar os agentes na sua escolha. Neste trabalho são apresentados o desenvolvimento e implementação do sistema AEMOS, mais concretamente: • É proposto um novo modelo para comércio eletrónico baseado em agentes que disponibiliza serviços de ontologias; • Adicionalmente propõem-se o uso de redes sociais emergentes para captar e explorar informação sobre relações entre os diferentes parceiros de negócio; • É definida e implementada uma componente de serviços de ontologias que é capaz de: • o Sugerir alinhamentos entre ontologias para pares de agentes; • o Traduzir mensagens escritas de acordo com uma ontologia em mensagens escritas de acordo com outra, utilizando alinhamentos previamente aprovados; • o Melhorar os seus próprios serviços recorrendo às funcionalidades disponibilizadas pela componente de redes sociais; • É definida e implementada uma componente de redes sociais que: • o É capaz de construir e gerir um grafo de relações de proximidade entre agentes, e de relações de adequação de alinhamentos a agentes, tendo em conta os perfis, comportamento e interação dos agentes, bem como a cobertura e utilização dos alinhamentos; • o Explora e adapta técnicas e algoritmos de análise de redes sociais às várias fases dos processos do mercado eletrónico. A implementação e experimentação do modelo proposto demonstra como a colaboração entre os diferentes agentes pode ser vantajosa na melhoria do desempenho do sistema e como a inclusão e combinação de serviços de ontologias e redes sociais se reflete na eficiência da negociação de transações e na dinâmica do mercado como um todo.

Advance directives and the impact of timing. A qualitative study with Swiss general practitioners.

PRINCIPLES: Advance directives are seen as an important tool for documenting the wishes of patients who are no longer competent to make decisions in regards to their medical care. Due to their nature, approaching the subject of advance directives with a patient can be difficult for both the medical care provider and the patient. This paper focuses on general practitioners' perspectives regarding the timing at which this discussion should take place, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the different moments. METHODS: In 2013, 23 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were performed with Swiss general practitioners. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: In our sample, 23 general practitioners provided different options that they felt were appropriate moments: either (a) when the patient is still healthy, (b) when illness becomes predominant, or (c) when a patient has been transferred to a long-term care facility. Furthermore, general practitioners reported uncertainty and discomfort regarding initiating the discussion. CONCLUSION: The distinct approaches, perspectives and rationales show that there is no well-defined or "right" moment. However, participants often associated advance directives with death. This link caused discomfort and uncertainty, which led to hesitation and delay on the part of general practitioners. Therefore we recommend further training on how to professionally initiate a conversation about advance directives. Furthermore, based on our results and experience, we recommend an early approach with healthy patients paired with later regular updates as it seems to be the most effective way to inform patients about their end-of-life care options.

地震解Di zhen jie.Explication des tremblements de terre.

Par le P. Nicolao Longobardi (1566-1654) ; conversation avec Li Song yu, de l'année 1626. Réédition de 1679.

Dialogues en chinois et en mandchou.

Jian han Zi yin zhi yao

Recueil de copies de pièces.

Contient : 1 « Extraict du journal » de PIERRE DE LESTOILE, « pendant tout le regne du roy Henry III » ; 2 « Discours d'une trahison attentée contre le roy [Henri IV], decouverte en l'année 1604 » ; 3 « Remonstrances tres humbles des villes de Troyes, Chaalons, Laon, Guyse, Langres, Chaumont et Bar sur Aube au roy [Henri III]... 1575 » ; 4 « Remonstrances faictes au roy [Henri III] par les habitans de la ville de Paris... 1575 » ; 5 « Lettres patentes du roy HENRY III, par lesquelles le Sr... Jacques... de Coucy est remis en sa bonne fame et renommée, nonobstant les procedures faictes contre les Srs de Vervins et mareschal du Biez, ses pere » et beau-père. « Donné à Paris, au mois de septembre... 1575 » ; 6 Lettre de « HENRY [III]... à Valois, herault d'armes... Escrit à Paris, ce 24e mars 1576 » ; 7 Lettre de FRANÇOIS DE FRANCE, duc D'ALENÇON, « au roy » Henri III, son frère. « Septembre 1575 » ; 8 « Lettre du roy... HENRY [III] à la noblesse de son royaume, sur la sortie de la cour de [François, duc d'Alençon], frere de Sa Majesté. Du 16 septembre 1575 » ; 9 « Declaration et protestation que [FRANÇOIS, duc D'ALENÇON] fit, lorsqu'il prit les armes... Donné à Dreux, le 17e jour de septembre 1575 » ; 10 « Lettre de [FRANÇOIS, duc D'ALENÇON]... à messieurs de la cour de parlement, apres son partement de la cour, se retirant à Angers... 1575 » ; 11 « Articles de la trefve accordez entre [Catherine de Médicis] et son fils [François, duc d'Alençon], sous le bon plaisir et volonté de Sa Majesté... Faict à Marignan, le 8e jour de novembre 1575 » ; 12 « Traicté de la negociation de... Catherine » de Médicis « avec... François [duc d'Alençon]... Faict à Champigny, le 21e jour de novembre... 1575 » ; 13 « Lettres de cachet du roy HENRY III, pour la convocation des Estats à Blois... Donné à Paris, le VIe jour du mois d'aoust... 1576 » ; 14 « Lettres de cachet du roy HENRY III au prevost des marchands et eschevins de la ville de Paris, sur la convocation des Estats à Blois... Donné à Paris, le 2e jour de septembre 1576 » ; 15 « Edict de creation des greffiers du conseil d'Estat... Donné à Paris, au mois d'octobre 1576 » ; 16 « Lettre du roy [HENRI III]... à monsieur de Mommorency,... Decembre 1576 » ; 17 « Declaration du roy... HENRY [III] pour le Sr de Bourigues, sur la mort du feu lieutenant La Haye de Poictiers, qu'il a executé par le commandement de Sa Majesté » ; 18 « Articles de l'association de Paris faicte en 1577 » ; 19 « Acte par lequel il apert que... FRANÇOIS [duc D'ALENÇON], frere du roy, fut en la chambre de la noblesse aux Estats de Blois offrir sa vie et ses biens pour le service du roy et de l'Estat... 30e janvier 1577 » ; 20 « Ligue de l'eglise et clergé du baillage de Troyes, du 22e mars 1577 » ; 21 « Responce des Estatz de Normandie aux demandes du roy [Henri III]... Faict et arresté en la convocation des trois Estatz de Normandie, tenus à Rouen, le dix neufe jour de novembre 1578 » ; 22 « Requeste presentée au roy par les deputez de l'assemblée generale du clergé de France, faicte à Melun, au mois de juin 1579 » ; 23 « Articles concernans la reformation du clergé de France, presentez au roy, pour estre auctorisez par Sa Majesté, de la part des prelats et autres ecclesiastiques assemblez à Melun, le vint huictiesme aoust 1579 » ; 24 « Retentum de la cour des grands jours à Poictiers, au 19e septembre 1579 » ; 25 « Lettre de... FRANÇOIS [duc D'ALENÇON], frere du roy, à messieurs de la cour de parlement... Escrit à Alençon, le vingtiesme jour de may... 1581 » ; 26 « Extraict de l'histoire de [JACQUES-AUGUSTE] DE THOU, de l'an 1581, touchant la ligue ». En latin ; 27 « Deposition de... NICOLAS DE SALZEDE,... faicte en la presence de [François, duc] d'Alençon, frere du roy... le 22e de juillet 1582 » ; 28 Lettr de « NICOLAS DE SALZEDE » au duc d'Alençon ; 29 « Additions à la deposition [portée sous le n° 27]. tirées sur un autre original, estant au reste du tout conforme à l'autre » ; 30 « Discours de la mort de [Nicolas de] Salzede, adressé par le sieur... HIEROSME... ANGENOUST, lieutenant general à Sens, 1581 » ; 31 « Memoire du voiage et de la defaicte de monseigneur [Philippe] de Strossy » par la flotte espagnole. « 1582 » ; 32 « Harengue du roy HENRY III, prononcée à Sainct Germain en Laie, le vendredy 19 novembre 1583 » ; 33 « Harangue au roy Henry III, faicte par monseigneur [GUI DU FAUR] DE PIBRAC, pour le roy de Navarre, lorsque la royne de Navarre, sa femme, receut mauvais traictement au Bourg la Royne prez Paris, en janvier 1584 » ; 34 « Ce que Mr [POMPONNE] DE BELLIEVRE a dit au roy de Navarre pour luy persuader de reprendre la royne sa femme ». Août 1583 ; 35 « Response de [HENRI], roy de Navarre, au sieur de Bellievre, et les repliques dudict Sr de Bellievre » ; 36 « Lettre du roy HENRY III à monsieur de Bellievre,... Janvier 1584 » ; 37 « Declaration d'[ARMAND DE GONTAUT], mareschal DE BIRON, faicte à monseigneur le chancelier, le 8 avril 1584 » ; 38 « Lettre de... PAUL DE... FOIX [archevêque de Toulouse] au roy... De Rome, ce 23 avril 1584 » ; 39 « Remonstrances au roy, faictes par... Charles, cardinal DE BOURBON, et autres princes catholiques, unis pour l'extirpation de l'heresie » ; 40 « Traicté » de la ligue « faict à Joinville entre les princes unis, en decembre 1584 » ; 41 « Declaration des causes qui ont meu monseigneur le cardinal de Bourbon et les princes, pairs, seigneurs, villes et communeautez catholiques de ce royaume de France de s'opposer à ceux qui par tous moyens s'efforcent de subvertir la religion catholique et l'Estat... Donné à Peronne, le dernier jour de mars » 1585 ; 42 « Articles accordez entre le prince [Alexandre] de Parme et le Sr de La Noue,... Faict à Beure, ce 28e de juin 1585 » ; 43 « Lettre du pape SIXTE V,... au roy [Henri III]... Datum Romae, apud Sanctum Petrum, sub annulo piscatoris, die 27a aprilis 1585 ». En latin ; 44 « Propos tenus entre [Catherine de Médicis] et [Henri], roy de Navarre, le 26e decembre 1586 » ; 45 « Extraict d'une lettre escrite au roy Henry III par [JEAN DE VIVONNE], marquis DE PISANI, son ambassadeur à Rome, du 27 juillet 1587 » ; 46 « Advis de GABRIEL BARBISONUS, en la cause d'entre Antoine de Molinellis, procureur des dames filles d'Alexandre de Caponibus, contre le Sr procureur fiscal... Die Xa junii 1587 ». En latin ; 47 Relation « du voiage des reistres. 1587 » ; 48 « Lettre escrite au pape par monsieur DE LANSSAC, en aoust 1587 » ; 49 « Lettre du roy... HENRY [III] au sieur de La Houssaie, son maistre d'hostel... De Jargeau, ce 6e novembre 1587 » ; 50 Conversation entre Henri III et le théologal d'Orléans, qui avait prèché en chaire contre lui ; 51 Lettre de « F. PIEDEFER,... à monsieur de La Malmaison,... De vostre maison, ce 12e 9bre 1587 » ; 52 « Liste de ceux qui se sont trouvez morts en la bataille » de Coutras, « des prisonniers et blessez... Mardy 20e octobre 1587 » ; 53 « Harangue de M. FAYE, advocat du roy, sur la reception de M. d'Espernon en l'estat d'amiral de France, le XIe janvier 1588 » ; 54 « Aucuns Articles proposez en l'assemblée de Nancy, en janvier, pour estre arrestez en la generale du mois de mars prochain 1588 » ; 55 Lettre de « HENRY,... roi DE NAVARRE,... à monseigneur de Segur,... De St Jean d'Angely, ce 4e d'avril 1588 » ; 56 « Lettre du roy HENRY III à ceux de Paris, lors de son depart de ladicte ville, apres les barricades... Donné à Chartres, le 15e jour de may 1588 » ; 57 « Lettre de la cour de parlement au roy, lorsqu'il se fut retiré de Paris, apres la journée des barricades. Du 13e may 1588 » ; 58 Lettre des « gens tenans le parlement du roy... à nostre tres honnoré seigneur, Mre Philippe Hurault, chancelier de France... Escrit à Paris, en parlement, le 14e may 1588 » ; 59 « Harangue et proposition faicte au roy sur l'union de toute la noblesse catholique de France, presentée le vingt et uniesme jour de juillet 1588, par M. de Mande (sic), archevesque de Bourges » ; 60 « Acte qu'on faisoit signer à ceux qui entroient dans le party de la Ligue... Faict à Paris, le XIe jour de juin 1588 » ; 61 Lettre « du roy HENRY III à monsieur Rose,... De Paris, ce 16e jour de novembre... 1588 » ; 62 « Articles secrets de l'Union, de l'an 1588 » ; 63 « Extraict des registres de parlement, touchant le procez criminel faict contre frere Valerio de Faynis, dit L'Hermite. 1588 » ; 64 Lettre de « M. DE REVOL, secretaire d'Estat, à monseigneur le marquis de Pisani,... 1588 » ; 65 Lettre de JEAN DE VIVONNE, marquis de Pisani, au roi. 1588 ; 66 Lettre de HENRI III au marquis de Pisani, 1588 ; 67 Lettre de CLAUDE DE « LA CHASTRE au prevost des marchands de Paris... Le 9e decembre [1588], au camp de Montagu » ; 68 « Lettres patentes de declaration du roy [Henri III], contenant les causes de ce qu'il auroit faict à Blois, en la mort de messrs de Guyse, avec abolition de leurs complices... Janvier 1589 » ; 69 Lettre de HENRI III à l'évêque de « Limoges », janvier 1589 ; 70 Lettre de HENRI III au Sr de Vic. Blois, janvier 1589 » ; 71 Lettre de HENRI III aux habitants de Limoges, janvier 1589 ; 72 Lettre du roi HENRI III à « monsieur Du Perat », janvier 1589 ; 73 et 74 Deux lettres de JEAN DE VIVONNE, « marquis de Pisani, au roy » ; 75 Lettre du roi HENRI III à « monsieur de Sansac » ; 76 Lettre du roi HENRI III à « monsieur de Rodes » ; 77 Lettre du roi HENRI III à « monsieur de Savignac » ; 78 Lettre de NICOLAS BRULART « DE SILLERY au roy Henry III » ; 79 « Instruction qui fut envoyée au pape, au mois de janvier 1589, incontinant apres la mort de messieurs les princes catholiques » ; 80 « Lettre de [CHARLES DE LORRAINE], duc DE MAYENNE, au pape... 1589 » ; 81 « Instruction du doien Frison, envoyé vers Sa Saincteté par le duc de Mayenne et le conseil general des catholiques de France » ; 82 « Abregé d'un discours secret faict à la Saincteté, entre aucuns ses confidens, apres le depart de monsieur [l'évêque] de Paris, trouvé entre les papiers de feu l'advocat David » ; 83 « Liste de ceux du conseil general des quarante » ; 84 « Eslection et nomination faicte aux offices de procureur et advocats generaux en la cour des personnes de Me Edouard Molé, conseiller en icelle, et Mes Jean Le Maistre et Louis d'Orleans. Du samedy 21e jour de janvier 1589 » ; 85 « Le duc de Mayenne creé lieutenant general de l'Estat et couronne de France, du 7e mars 1589 » ; 86 « Reception dudict sieur duc de Mayenne en la dicte charge, du lundy 13e mars 1589 » ; 87 « Sauvegarde pour tous ceux qui iront en l'assemblë???e des Estats generaux, du mercredy 29e novembre 1589 » ; 88 « Reglement pour les lettres et expeditions durant la Ligue, du lundy 4 decembre 1589 » ; 89 « Interdiction du parlement de Paris et establissement d'iceluy à Tours... Le vingt troisiesme jour de mars 1589 » ; 90 « Extraict de l'arrest donné par messieurs du conseil de l'union des catholiques, estably à Paris, datté du 28 mars 1589 » ; 91 « Edict de la treve. entre le roy Henry III et le roy de Navarre, publié au parlement, seant à Tours, le 29e avril 1589 » ; 92 « Lettre escrite au roy par le sieur POICTEVIN, president au presidial, à Provins, du 26 juillet 1589 » ; 93 « Discours des entreprises des ligueurs sur la ville de Senlis » ; 94 « Confrairie du nom de Jesus » ; 95 « Articles accordez et jurez entre les confreres de la confrairie du sainct nom de Jesus, ordonnée en l'eglise St Gervais et St Prothais de la ville de Paris et autres eglises de la dicte ville, pour la manutention de la religion catholique et romaine » ; 96 « Serment des confreres du nom de Jesus » ; 97 « Reglement pour la societé et congregation du saint nom de Jesus, à Paris » ; 98 Lettre de « Mr DE FRESNES FORGET au roy... Du 17e juin 1589 » ; 99 Lettre de Mr DE FRESNES FORGET au roi. « De Bordeaux, ce IXe juillet 1589 » ; 100 Lettre de Mr DE FRESNES FORGET au roi, juin 1589 ; 101 « Informations faictes pour raison de la mort des duc et cardinal de Guise, 1589, 1590 » ; 102 « Ce que dist le pape [SIXTE-QUINT] en la presence des cardinaux, touchant l'assassinat et mort du cardinal de Guise. 1589 ». En latin

Collaborative reflection : supporting one practitioner's development of online learning communities /

This is a study of one participant's reflective practice as she worked to develop online communities in a face-to-face science course. Her process of reflective practice was examined in order to address factors that influenced her learning path, and the benefits and challenges of collaborative action research. These research goals were pursued using a collaborative action research methodology, initially chosen for its close match with Schon's (1983) model of reflective practice. The participant's learning fit vnth Mezirow's (1991) model of transformative learning. She began with beliefs that matched her goals, and she demonstrated significant learning in three areas. First, she demonstrated instrumental learning around the constraints of workload and time, and achieving online learning community indicators. Second, she demonstrated communicative learning that helped her to see her own needs for feedback and communication more clearly, and how other process partners had been a support to her. Third, her emancipatory learning saw her revisiting and questioning her goals. It was through the reflective conversation during the planned meetings and the researcher's reframing and interrogation of that reflection that the participant was able to clarify and extend her thinking, and in so doing, critically reflect on her practice as she worked to develop online learning communities. In this way, the collaborative action research methodology was an embodiment of co-constructivism through collaborative reflective practice. Schon's (1983) model of reflective practice positions a lone practitioners moving through cycles ofplan-act-observe-reflect. The results fi"om this study suggest that collaboration is an important piece of the reflective practice model.

Private versus public : how one gay professor negotiates the boundaries between his personal and professional lives /

This study examined how one university professor negotiated the boundaries between his personal life as a gay man and his professional life as a teacher. Using his sexual orientation as a focal point, the study explored the circumstances and underlying assumptions that influenced this professor's decisions to disclose information of a personal nature. Data collection was solicited from a number of sources: (a) In-depth interviews with the participant, his colleagues, students, and friends; (b) Field observation of the participant teaching over a 3 -day period; and (c) A document review of lesson plans, course outlines, student feedback forms, and the participant's teaching portfolio. The researcher maintained both observation journals and reflective journals during this process. Data analysis using the constant comparative method elicited several themes. The participant engaged in a variety of strategies in disclosing his sexual orientation that included: (a) no disclosure at all, (b) assuming people knew, (c) casually mentioning it in conversation, and (d) deliberately planning to tell someone. The participant also engaged in an ongoing assessment of his environment that included evaluating the level of risk in disclosing his sexual orientation and assessing the listener's ability to receive the information. The participant cited numerous reasons for disclosing his sexual orientation. Further inquiry revealed a number of belief systems that underlined these reasons. These belief systems included beliefs around privacy, authenticity, teaching, manners, professionalism, and homosexuality. The conclusions suggested that the participant utilized a consistent process in both his personal and professional lives to determine what information was kept private and what information was made public. While the process used to determine the degree of disclosure was consistent, the actual disclosures themselves varied widely in nature.

The Effectiveness of the precision fluency shaping program controlling stuttering behaviour in adults

This study was done to test the effectiveness of the Precision Fluency Shaping Program in controlling stuttering behaviour in adults. Two sites were chosen, each using the Precision Fluency Shaping Program to treat stuttering. At each clinic, a Speech Patbologist made a random selection of the subjects' pre- and post-therapy video-taped interviews, totalling 20 in all. During the interviews, the clients were asked questions and re~d a short passage to determine the frequency of stuttering in natural conversation and in reading. Perceptions of Stuttering Inventory questionnaires vvere also filled in before and after therapy. Two judges were trained to identify stuttering behaviour, and were given an inter-rater reliability test at selected intervals throughout the study. Protocols",:m.a;d;6 of each interview tape, were scored for (a) stuttering behaviour and (b) words spoken or read. An Analysis of Variance Repeated Measures Test was used to compare before and after scores of conversations, readings, and Perceptions of Stuttering Inventory to determine whether the Precision Fluency Shaping Program controlled stuttering behaviour significantly. A Pearson R Correlation Test was also administered to determine if a relationship existed bet\veen Perceptions of Stuttering Inventory and (i) conversation and (ii) reading scores.

Development of a New Assessment System to Evaluate Students' English Communicative Capacities in China

The purpose of this study was to develop a new English assessment system to evaluate Chinese students' English communicative capacities. Since there is more interaction with people from English-speaking countries, Chinese people attach more importance to English oral skills, and a lot of Western English teaching methods were introduced into China to improve students' English communicative capacities. However, traditional paper-written examinations, like the English test of higher education entry examination, cannot evaluate it effectively. This study explored the perceptions of two Chinese English-language teachers and two Chinese students about English assessment system. A qualitative research method using telephone interviews was conducted in this study. The findings showed that the most possible ways to assess Chinese students' English communicative capacities were paper-written examination and person-machine conversations, although measures should be taken to improve these two models. On the other hand, the model of person-person conversation was the ideal assessment tool but was hard to achieve at the current stage.

Letter - C. Sellers to W. B. Rankine, 26 September 1902

A letter from chief engineer C. Sellers to W. B. Rankine discussing the bid of I. P. Morris Co. Sellers discusses conversation with Mr. Hand of I.P. Morris.

Making Queer Anti-capitalist Resistance Intelligible: Reading Queer Childhood in the Ruins of Neoliberalism

In challenging normative social relations, queer cultural studies has shied away from deploying historical materialist theoretical tools. My research addresses this gap by drawing these two literatures into conversation. I do so by investigating how global economic relations provide an allegorical and material context for the regulation, representation and re-imagining of working-class queer childhood through anti- capitalist queer readings of three films: Kes, Billy Elliot, and Boys Village. I deploy this reading practice to investigate how these films represent heteronormative capitalism’s systematic extermination of the life possibilities of working class children, how children resist forces of normalisation by creating queer times and spaces, and how nostalgia engenders a spatio-temporal understanding of queerness through a radical utopianism. My analysis foregrounds visual cultural productions as sites for understanding how contemporary social worlds exclude queer working class children, who struggle to insert themselves into and thereby shift the grounds of normative social relations.

Exploring the Influence of Female Friendships on Decisions to Discuss the Breast Self-Exam in Young Adult Women

The breast self-exam (BSE) has been an important method for detection of breast cancer, especially in women under the age of 40. This study used grounded theory to explore the possible influence of female friendships on young women’s decisions regarding BSE. Conversations with six women in their 20s and 30s revealed that discussion of BSE is an exceptional conversation facilitated by the female friendship “safe zone” and a germinal event. Without being prompted by a germinal event, such as a health scare, it is generally considered to be an unnecessary conversation about private matters and viewed as out of the ordinary, especially for low-risk women. This conversation most easily occurs within the female friendship “safe zone” that develops through the body in common, a sense of trust, and private information sharing. Implications include peer mentoring for sharing and educating women and healthcare professionals on conditions that facilitate the exceptional conversation.

Letter - Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau to Donald Ziraldo

A letter from Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau to Donald Ziraldo, dated 19 December, 1983. Trudeau had visited the Inniskillin winery the same year and remarks on the conversation they shared. Also a thank you note for a bottle of wine from Ziraldo for the holidays.

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, 2 January 1918

The letter describes a conversation Eleanore Celeste had with her mother as she studied the Prussian-Danish War of 1864. Her mother was in Denmark at the time and elaborated on her studies. Eleanore Celeste's grandfather "held a high position in the Danish court". The family had kept an album of photographs that included pictures of Frederick VII, Christian IX etc. The pictures had been given to him by the Royal family. The next part of the letter talks about Arthur possibly returning to the United States at the end of the year. She also mentions that Arthur had sent a letter to his mother about either returning to the United States or possibly getting assigned to troops and she became upset. Eleanore Celeste writes that she tried to console Arthur's mother, but she "began picturing you at the front, in the midst of the danger". This letter is labelled 38th.

Letter written by Napoleon Buonaparte (Bonaparte) to Guillaume Thomas Francois Raynal, June 24, 1790

Translation: Sir, It will probably be difficult for you to remember among the many strangers who annoy you with their admiration of a person to whom you kindly made civilities last year1 during a pleasant conversation about Corsica. I would be grateful if you could take a look at this sketch of his history.2 I present here the first of two letters. If you agree to them, I will send you the end. My brother, whom I recommend not to forget his deputies' commission to escort Paoli to his country,3 and to come and receive a lesson in virtue and humanity, will give them to you. I respectfully your most humble and obedient servant.4 Buonaparte, artillery officer Ajaccio, [Corsica] June 24 the first year of freedom [1790]5 1 Relations between Napoleon and Raynal have begun in 1789, which seems to confirm a confidence to Las Cases ( Memorial of St. Helena , La Pléiade , vol. I, p. 83) . 2 Latest version of history project of Corsica : Letters on Corsica to Abbe Raynal . 3 Joseph is part of a delegation sent by the city of Ajaccio to host Paoli 's return from exile in London . In doing so he has to go through Marseille where Raynal resides. 4 Shipping autograph, National Archives , 400 AP Biography 1. In the first years of Napoleon Bonaparte (1840) , Coston gives a rough version of this letter that it dates from 1786 , which is impossible because Raynal did not return to France that ' in 1787. Published for the first time in the Memories of Lord Holland (1851) , shipping is now kept in the national Archives Napoleons funds . 5 The letter is dated "June 24, the first year of freedom" (the word "freedom" is underlined twice). Given the dates of stay in Corsica Napoleon, it seems that is present in Ajaccio the month of June in 1790.