A concepção de cultura em Vigotski: contribuições para a educação escolar

Este trabalho analisa a concepção de cultura em Vigotski, procurando responder qual a ideia de cultura presente na obra desse autor para, a partir dela, destacar a importância do ensino escolar no desenvolvimento dos indivíduos. A influência da cultura sobre o desenvolvimento psicológico era estudada por esse autor a partir da análise do processo de emprego de signos como meios auxiliares das funções psíquicas, transformando-as de funções espontâneas em funções voluntárias. As funções psíquicas mediadas pelo uso dos signos existentes na cultura eram consideradas como funções superiores por Vigotski, sendo assim, imprescindíveis para o desenvolvimento do homem. A cultura para este autor é produto das leis históricas determinadas pelas condições concretas da existência humana e, assim sendo, o homem nessa perspectiva produz cultura, mas também é fruto das relações sociais, que são internalizadas por ele e que se expressam na forma de funções psíquicas.

A importância das relações familiares para a sexualidade e a autoestima de pessoas com deficiência física

O artigo trata de uma reflexão sobre o impacto da deficiência adquirida na vida da pessoa e a importância das relações familiares e afetivas como condições importantes para a reestruturação emocional e o resgate da autoestima a partir de uma nova imagem corporal marcada pela deficiência física. Parte-se do pressuposto que a deficiência é um fenômeno social que atinge, sobretudo, os aspectos psicológicos do indivíduo deficiente. O desenvolvimento da autoestima da pessoa com deficiência dependerá de relações sociais e eróticas favoráveis, tanto na família quanto em outras instituições, assim como de condições adequadas, que devem ser favorecidas pela sociedade inclusiva, visando desenvolver para esses sujeitos aceitação social, integração, independência e autonomia.

Educação sexual e sexualidade no discurso de uma pessoa com deficiência visual

Sexuality and sex education for visually impaired people are still a few subjects studied in the field of Education. The aim of this study was to investigate sexuality and sex education of the visually impaired, through an interview with an adult woman, blind from birth, for further analysis of thematic content. It is a descriptive-qualitative case study. The following categories were described in the results: (1) Concept of sexuality, (2) Sexual Education, (3) Sexuality and Disability, (4) Social issues and prejudice. The data confirm other studies showing the existence of social prejudice, sexual myths, no sex education or sex education with superficial information and difficulties predominantly psychosocial and not organic in relation to sexuality. We conclude that sexuality and sex education are important issues that should be considered in the general education of people with disabilities.

Concepções da equipe escolar sobre a gestão escolar e a escola inclusiva

Inclusive education is a proposal in which all people are accepted and recognized by their individual characteristics. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the concept of inclusive education and its relation within the democratic management on the early childhood education. Participated in these study educators of two schools in a municipal system school, the data were collected by means of interviews and were analyzed using qualitative approach. Educators participated in the study of two schools in a municipal school, and the data collected by means of interviews and organizes collective actions designed. The survey results suggest that is necessary that the management team is informed and understands the importance of articulating different social segments that can assist special needs of students with disabilities in their needs, promoting thus its development.

Programa informativo sobre deficiência mental e inclusão: mudanças nas atitudes socias de crianças sem deficiência

This article presents part of a study that analyzed the concepts, feelings and attitudes of children without disabilities about mental retardation and inclusion and evaluated the effects of an informative program that deals with the issue. The study included forty children from two first grade classrooms in a public school in Marília-SP. One classroom participated as a control group. All children underwent pre and post tests in the form of interviews on the subject and a scale of children's social attitudes towards inclusion was applied. The experimental group participated in the informative program, composed of thirteen weekly meetings, in which the limitations and possibilities of people with mental retardation, specialized care, their schooling and family and social aspects, were discussed, using various educational and recreational strategies. The data collected in the interviews were categorized and content analysis was conducted. With the scale, individual scores were obtained. Statistical calculations were performed to verify the significance of differences between groups. In this paper we discuss the data obtained with the scale which were crossed with interview data. The results of the interviews and the scale indicated several changes in children's attitudes towards inclusion, but relations between many of these data could not be statistically confirmed. These results indicate the importance of expanding the research on the relationship between the phenomena presented.

Nietzsche e o eruditismo: introdução a uma nova concepção de formação

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Adaptação e instrumentação de um esqui ergométrico para pessoas com deficiência motora dos membros inferiores

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

A concepção de criança e alei de nove anos

The historical analysis of the conception of child is essential to understand the speeches, public policies and actions that are set aside for them. The 20th century ´ social-economic changes and the consequent need for women's work produced a restructuring not only in the family, but also in the care and attention focused on childhood. The present article under the perspective of Cultural-historical approach aims to make a reflection about the conception of child in the educational context, especially in the face of recent public policies that favor education´s advance in state schools. Besides, they also intend to point out some consequences and possible problems that may arise with their implementation and discuss the implications for the teacher´s organization of methodological practice and the relationship between development and learning.

A importância de Scotus na concepção de história de Arendt

The objective of this study is to discuss the notion of history in Arendt, from the importance that needs the thought of Duns Scotus, particularly with regard to the primacy of the will. For the author, Scotus was a medieval thinkers to emphasize the role of free will as power in the face of intellect attached to the natural activity. The freedom to get an act featuring a world ruled by contingency. Now, for Arendt, that freedom is consistent with your idea of authentic political, and base a public space, defined by word and action of individuals. The history, which takes place from political activity, received various treatments, from Greek antiquity to the modern conception of process. It joined the idealistic conceptions, establishing universal ways of defining the future. However, if freedom is to characterize the vita activa, the history must seek the meaning of the facts to scrutinize their singular aspects, which fell to the continuo of universal explanation of the official history. It is, therefore, to approach the history from the perspective of singular narrative, from the spectators, those who founded the public space. Hence the importance of bipolar concepts such as nature and freedom, necessity and contingency, will and intellect, as Scotus.

A caricatura política na concepção libertária do periódico A Plebe (1947-1949)

This article discusses the meanings of imagistic representations (drawings, cartoons) published in A Plebe (The Plebs), from May 1947 to May 1949, the last period of the Edgard Leuenroth’s headship. Created in 1917, the newspaper, supported by libertarian principles, set up as a public sphere suited for the proletarian world because of discussing the problems that workers were facing in their daily lives. The paper printed whipping criticisms against the country's elites and fought, without respite, the capitalist system – qualified as parasitic, violent and expropriator –, supported by mystifying and equally violent enactments from its religious arm, expressed in the actions of the Catholic Church and whose struggle against was also systematic.

Entre a matriz portuguesa e a literatura nacional: a concepção de texto literário para João Ribeiro

This paper aims at rescuing some critical appraisals found in the high school anthology Autores Contemporâneos (1931), by the critic, philologist and writer João Ribeiro, one of the main Brazilian intellectual representatives of the first decades of the twentieth century. João Ribeiro, along with Coelho Neto and, Laudelino Freire, among others, took part in of the panel which compiled, in 1921, the Dicionário da Academia Brasileira de Letras. Therefore, we find the analytical process João Ribeiro, their theoretical observations, concepts and dilemmas which are appointed by him in literary history and criticism of the early twentieth century.

Opinião de professores sobre a sexualidade e a educação sexual de alunos com deficiência intelectual

Using a questionnaire for quantitative and qualitative analysis, this descriptive study investigated the opinion of 451 teachers about sexuality and sexual education of students with intellectual disabilities. The majority (94.2%) perceives the sexuality of their students with intellectual disabilities, identifies their desire to date (38.3%), occurrence of questions (35.8%), sexual games and masturbation (19.6%) and the inappropriate behavior (6.3%); before that, they have positive feelings (37.5%) and negative (53.8%). Teachers believe they can contribute to the sexual education of their students (87.8%), however, they considered necessary the own training (39.9%) or the support of the school and the family (24.4%). It is important to invest in continuous training in sexual education for teachers working in inclusive schools.