Luteinizing Hormone Receptor (LHR): basic concepts in cattle and other mammals. a review

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

State of the art on animal embryonic chimeras

Embryonic chimerism is generally used in basic research and in vivo diagnosis of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESC), mostly using mice embryos, although there have been reports in the literature on using rat, rabbit, sheep, chicken, primate, bovine, goat and pig embryos. Several techniques can currently be used to produce chimeric embryos, including microinjection, co-culture with ESC, fusion and aggregation. Although microinjection is the most commonly used method in mice, the mere aggregation of embryos with ESC may result in viable chimeras and be as efficient as microinjection. In mice, this chimerism technique has been shown to have the advantage of aggregating embryos in different stages of development with different ploidy, in addition to using ESC in the tetraploid complementation assay. Compared to other techniques for producing chimeras, the aggregation technique is a cheaper, faster and easier methodology to be performed. Moreover, aggregation can be simplified by chemically removing the zona pellucida with pronase or acidic Tyrode’s solution and be enhanced by using the Well of the Well culture system in combination with adhesion molecules, such as phytohemagglutinin. The most commonly used stages for chimerism by aggregation are those that precede the full compaction of the morula. In these stages, embryos have low-tension adherent junctions at the tangential point between two blastomeres. During the embryonic development of mice, the inner cell mass differentiates into epiblast and hypoblast. These layers will originate the fetal tissues and a portion of the extraembryonic tissues (yolk sac, allantois and amnion), whereas the trophectoderm (TE) gives rise to the chorion. A functional TE is essential for the complex molecular communications that occur between the embryo and the uterus. Embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer, such as commercial cattle clones or endangered species, are subject to large fetal and neonatal losses. Hence embryo complementation with heterologous TE could be of assistance to decrease these losses and might as well assist development of high-value embryos in other approaches.

A method using artificial neural networks to morphologically assess mouse blastocyst quality

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A saúde do homem: doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e vulnerabilidade social

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Thermal decomposition of the hydrated basic carbonates of lanthanides and yttrium

Thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, IR absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and other methods of analysis have been used in the characterization and study of the thermal decomposition of the basic carbonate hydrates of lanthanides and yttrium. These compounds were obtained by precipitation from homogeneous solutions via the hydrolysis of urea, without the addition of an auxiliary anion. The results show that the TG and DTA curves are characteristic for each compound. The results also permit suggestions concerning the compositions and mechanisms of thermal decomposition of these compounds. © 1989.

Thermal behaviour of the basic carbonates of lanthanum-europium

The basic carbonates of lanthanum with 10%, 20%, 50% and 80% of europium were prepared by precipitation from homogeneous solutions via the hydrolysis of urea, without the addition of an auxiliary anion, at two different temperatures. Elemental analysis, complexometric methods, X-ray diffraction patterns, solid state IR absorption, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to characterise the compounds and study their thermal behaviour.

Odontological assistance to Down Syndrome patients having congenital heart malformations

In this study the authors present the frequency and types of congenital heart malformations (CHM) among Down Syndrome (DS) patients emphasizing the prevention of infectious endocarditis (IE) with appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis (ABP). Out of 390 DS patients, 312 (80%) were considered free from any CHM. 78 (20%) presented some CHM; from these 11,54% (n=9) have more than one CHM; ABP to prevent IE was recommended for 41,03% (n=32). Ventricular septal defect was the most frequent CHM (20,51%, n=16). Dentists must know about the patients’ cardiologic diagnosis before a treatment that could cause bleeding, because they have to administer antibiotics to prevent IE. Although some CHM doesn’t need ABP, according to the protocol of the American Heart Association, there are systemic conditions in DS that are relevant to the prescription of antibiotics.

Reflex postural control of patients with cerebral palsy for odontological assistance

Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain.A child with cerebral palsy may have impairments in motor control, which contributes to loss of functional abilities in posture and mobility. The severity of the impairment on the neuromuscular system determines the variations of functional mobility in children with cerebral palsy. The control of the patient, during the dental treatment, is of fundamental importance because these patients present some pathological reflexes which interfere in the odontological assistance

Magnetometric exploration in intrusive basic with evidence of gold in northern region of the Camaquã Sedimentary Basin (RS)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Uma Crítica Geográfica ao Conceito de Território na PNAS: por um diálogo entre Geografia e Serviço Social

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise da organização das ações municipais de saúde bucal na atenção básica

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FOA

Ventilator-induced lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a basic science review

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most severe manifestation of acute lung injury and it is associated with high mortality rate. Despite better understanding of ARDS pathophysiology, its mechanism is still unclear. Mechanical ventilation is the main ARDS supportive treatment. However, mechanical ventilation is a non-physiologic process and complications are associated with its application. Mechanical ventilation may induce lung injury, referred to as ventilator-induced lung injury. Frequently, VILI is related to macroscopic injuries associated with alveolar rupture. The present article is a review of the literature on ventilator-induced lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Animal and human studies were reviewed. We mainly selected publications in the past 5 years, but did not exclude commonly referenced and highly regarded older publications.

Protected Species – Research Permits and the Value of Basic Research

The complexities involved in obtaining permits for field research using protected species continue to increase. In October 1988, Congress amended the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) to increase the documentation required to obtain a scientific research permit (PL 100-711). Applicants for scientific research permits must now submit “information indicating that the taking is required to further a bona fide scientific purpose and does not involve unnecessary duplication of research.”