Technique for application of hi-bright LED in automobile industry through intelligent systems

The advantages offered by the electronic component LED (Light Emitting Diode) have caused a quick and wide application of this device in replacement of incandescent lights. However, in its combined application, the relationship between the design variables and the desired effect or result is very complex and it becomes difficult to model by conventional techniques. This work consists of the development of a technique, through artificial neural networks, to make possible to obtain the luminous intensity values of brake lights using LEDs from design data.

Ovulation synchronization following commercial application of ultrasound-guided follicle ablation during the estrous cycle in mares

A regimen of progesterone plus estradiol (P&E) was used as a standard for ovarian synchronization to test the efficacy and evaluate the commercial application of ultrasound-guided follicle ablation as a non-steroidal alternative for ovulation synchronization in mares. Recipient mares at a private embryo transfer facility were at unknown stages of the estrous cycle at the start of the experiment on Day 1 when they were randomly assigned to an ablation group (n = 18-21 mares) or to a ME group (n = 20-21 mares). In the ablation group, mares were lightly sedated and all follicles > 10 mm were removed by transvaginal ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration. In the ME group, a combination of progesterone (150 mg) plus estradiol (10 mg) prepared in safflower oil was given daily (im) for 10 d. Two doses of prostaglandin FZ, (PGF, 10 mg/dose, im) were given 12 h apart on Day 5 in the ablation group, or a single dose on Day 10 in the ME group. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 2500 IU/mare, im) was given at a fixed time, 6 and 10 d after PGF treatment in the ablation and ME groups, respectively, with the expectation of a follicle > 30 mm at the time of treatment. In both the ablation and P&E groups, transrectal ultrasonography was done at the start of the study (Day 1) and again on the day of hCG treatment and daily thereafter to determine the presence of a CL, measure diameter of the largest follicle and detect ovulation. The mean interval from the start of the study and from PGF treatment to ovulation was shorter (P < 0.0001) in the ablation group (13.7 and 9.7 d, respectively) compared to the P&E group (22.3 and 13.2 d, respectively). Following fixed-day treatment with hCG after PGF treatment, the degree of ovulation synchronization was not different (P > 0.05) between the ablation and P&E groups within a 2-d (56 and 70%) or 4-d (83% and 90%) period. Although ultrasound-guided follicle ablation may not be practical in all circumstances, it excluded the conventional 10-d regimen of progesterone and estradiol and was considered an efficacious and feasible, non-steroidal alternative for ovulation synchronization in mares during the estrous cycle. (C 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The application of preprocessing and cutting plane techniques for a class of production planning problems

This paper investigates properties of integer programming models for a class of production planning problems. The models are developed within a decision support system to advise a sales team of the products on which to focus their efforts in gaining new orders in the short term. The products generally require processing on several manufacturing cells and involve precedence relationships. The cells are already (partially) committed with products for stock and to satisfy existing orders and therefore only the residual capacities of each cell in each time period of the planning horizon are considered. The determination of production recommendations to the sales team that make use of residual capacities is a nontrivial optimization problem. Solving such models is computationally demanding and techniques for speeding up solution times are highly desirable. An integer programming model is developed and various preprocessing techniques are investigated and evaluated. In addition, a number of cutting plane approaches have been applied. The performance of these approaches which are both general and application specific is examined.

Fibrin adhesive implant in wound healing repair of dental sockets with topical application of epsilon aminocaproic acid: Histological analysis

The aim of the study was to evaluate wound healing repair of dental sockets after topical application of 5% epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and the use of fibrin adhesive implant in rats under anticoagulant therapy with warfarin. Sixty Albinus wistar rats were used, divided into three groups of 20. In Group I, the animals were given 0.1 mL/100 mg of 0.9% saline solution per day, beginning 6 days before dental extraction and continuing throughout the experimental period. In Group II, the animals received 0.03 mL of sodium warfarin daily, beginning 6 days before the surgery and continuing until the day of sacrifice; after tooth extractions, the sockets were filled with fibrin adhesive material. In Group III the animals were treated as in Group II, and after extractions, the sockets were irrigated with 5 mL of 5% EACA and filled with the same fibrin adhesive material. All groups presented biological phases of wound healing repair, the differences being evident only in the chronology. The results obtained in Group III were very similar to those of Group I in the last period of wound repair, whereas Group II presented a late chronology compared to the other groups. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Application of liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to the analysis of polyphenolic compounds from an infusion of Byrsonima crassa Niedenzu

A fast and reliable method, based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-ITMS), was developed to investigate the infusion prepared from the leaves of Byrsonima crassa Niedenzu (Malpighiaceae), a native plant used in Brazil against gastric disorders. The use of on-line reverse-phase HPLC/ESI-ITMS allowed separation of three major classes of compounds and identification of over 20 very polar compounds characterized as galloylquinic acids, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoid glycosides, as well as the dimeric flavonoid amentoflavone and minor amounts of galloyl hexose and galloyl saccharose. This approach provided data that will allow establishment of a method for a future standardization of the infusion. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Application of standard and modified Judd-Ofelt theories to thulium doped fluoroindate glass

Fluoroindate glasses of the following compositions: (40-x)InF3-20ZnF(2)-16BaF(2)-20SrF(2)-2GdF(3)-2NaF-xTmF(3) with x = 1,3 mol% were prepared in a dry box under an argon atmosphere. The absorption spectra at room temperature in the spectral range 350-2200 nm were obtained. The spectra obtained for each sample had similar absorption and only the amplitude of the different bands changed as the concentration of Tm3+. The experimental oscillator strengths were determined from the areas under the absorption bands. Using the standard and modified Judd-Ofelt theory, intensity parameters Ohm(lambda) (lambda = 2,4,6) and (lambda = 2,3,4,5,6), respectively for f-f transitions of Tm3+ ions as well as transition probabilities, branching ratios and radiative lifetimes for each band were determined. The results are compared with those of other glasses described in the literature. (C) 1999 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

APPLICATION OF WISDOMS PERTURBATIVE METHOD TO THE 5/2 AND 7/3 RESONANCES

Wisdom's perturbative method is applied to the 5:2 and 7:3 resonances. Some comparisons with Yoshikawa's model are performed: for values of eccentricity up to about 0.3-0.4, agreement exists and it is better for 5:2 resonance. A clear difference between the cases 5:2 and 7:3 is observed : the former one, like in the case 3:1, can show significant variations of eccentricity, even starting from very small values, close to zero, while the latter seems to undergo such variations, but with initial eccentricity not less than a value near 0.1.

Application of a new reverse Monte Carlo algorithm to polyatomic molecular systems. I. Liquid water

Using a new reverse Monte Carlo algorithm, we present simulations that reproduce very well several structural and thermodynamic properties of liquid water. Both Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics simulations and experimental radial distribution functions used as input are accurately reproduced using a small number of molecules and no external constraints. Ad hoc energy and hydrogen bond analysis show the physical consistency and limitations of the generated RMC configurations. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Assessment of the application of cathodic stripping voltammetry to the analysis of diazo reactive dyes and their hydrolysis products

Two reactive dyes, C.I. Reactive Red 120 (RR120) and C.I. Reactive Green 19 (RG19), each bearing two azo groups as the chromophoric moiety and two monochloro-s-triazine groups as reactive groups, can be detected at nanomolar levels using cathodic stripping voltammetry. Linear calibration graphs were obtained for both reactive dyes, from 0.015 to 0.14 mu mol l(-1) for RR120 in pH 4 buffer and from 0.012 to 0.26 mu mol l(-1) for RG19 in pH 3 buffer, using a preconcentration at 0 V during 180 and 240 s on the mercury electrode, respectively. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Screening Brazilian C gasoline quality: Application of the SIMCA chemometric method to gas chromatographic data

A total of 2400 samples of commercial Brazilian C gasoline were collected over a 6-month period from different gas stations in the São Paulo state, Brazil, and analysed with respect to 12 physicochemical parameters according to regulation 309 of the Brazilian Government Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency (ANP). The percentages (v/v) of hydrocarbons (olefins, aromatics and saturated) were also determined. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was employed to select 150 representative samples that exhibited least similarity on the basis of their physicochemical parameters and hydrocarbon compositions. The chromatographic profiles of the selected samples were measured by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection and analysed using soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) method in order to create a classification scheme to identify conform gasolines according to ANP 309 regulation. Following the optimisation of the SIMCA algorithm, it was possible to classify correctly 96% of the commercial gasoline samples present in the training set of 100. In order to check the quality of the model, an external group of 50 gasoline samples (the prediction set) were analysed and the developed SIMCA model classified 94% of these correctly. The developed chemometric method is recommended for screening commercial gasoline quality and detection of potential adulteration. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An application of the Adomian's decomposition method to the analysis of MHD duct flows

A new approach is proposed in this work for the treatment of boundary value problems through the Adomian's decomposition method. Although frequently claimed as accurate and having fast convergence rates, the original formulation of Adomian's method does not allow the treatment of homogeneous boundary conditions along closed boundaries. The technique here presented overcomes this difficulty, and is applied to the analysis of magnetohydrodynamic duct flows. Results are in good agreement with finite element method calculations and analytical solutions for square ducts. Therefore, new possibilities appear for the application of Adomian's method in electromagnetics.