Fotografía e historia. Nuevos enfoques sobre la fotografía post mortem en la representación del cadáver del Presidente García Moreno

En esta tesis se desarrolló un análisis ampliado del álbum de fotografías post mortem del Presidente Gabriel García Moreno, realizado por el fotógrafo ecuatoriano Rafael Pérez Pinto en el año de 1875.Utilizando los aportes y las posibilidades metodológicas y categoriales que ofrece el campo de los estudios visuales para la investigación alrededor de temas relacionados con la imagen. El trabajo consistió en desarrollar un análisis del álbum de fotografías, a partir de un esquema que considera varios niveles de reflexión y ha sido diseñado específicamente para la imagen fotográfica. Así mismo y bajo la categoría de visualidad, se analiza con mayor detenimiento el período histórico-visual al que pertenecen las fotografías y finalmente, se considera el análisis fenomenológico de la imagen mortuoria como aporte fundamental del presente trabajo. La propuesta metodológica consiste en analizar las imágenes de manera individual y considerándolas también como parte un álbum, es decir, como un conjunto, a partir del cual se desprenden los análisis posteriores: El primero que tiene que ver con los usos y funciones de la imagen fotográfica durante el período garciano, considerando que se trata de un período de mayor desarrollo de la fotografía en el país y la relación directa que se establece entre las imágenes y la histórica muerte de García Moreno. Finalmente, la reflexión de corte fenomenológico, que consiste en buscar más allá de la fotografía, el origen de las prácticas en las que la muerte se convierte en el motivo de la representación. La relación íntima que se plantea entre imagen y muerte permite entender el álbum de fotografías post mortem en un contexto más visual y entiendo de mejor manera los elementos del mundo simbólico que pueden ser observados en él.

Agustín Cueva: nación, mestizaje y literatura

Este libro rastrea la lectura de Agustín Cueva respecto al proceso literario ecuatoriano, particularmente, sobre la problemática de la mediación mestiza en la narrativa de la nación, y ubica el lugar de Cueva en el discurso crítico latinoamericano en diálogo con Antonio Cornejo Polar y Ángel Rama. La problemática configuración de la nación y el papel que la literatura ha cumplido determinan la manera en que Agustín Cueva presenta las formas concretas en las que la subjetividad dominante representó a los sujetos sociales y, desde esa perspectiva, también anuló a grupos subalternos –como a los negros, los cholos y los indios–, convirtiendo al lenguaje en un espacio del exilio, libre de la barbarie de la Conquista y la colonización. A la vez, el lenguaje también fue utilizado como elemento de reivindicación y visibilización de lo popular, operación que estaría a cargo de la Generación del 30, que integra a los excluidos a la narrativa nacional. De ahí que, en los años 60, Cueva y el grupo Tzántzico realizaron una dura crítica a la labor intelectual en Ecuador.

An experiment on spatial competition with endogenous pricing

Hotelling's (1929) principle of minimum differentiation and the alternative prediction that firms will maximally differentiate from their rivals in order to relax price competition have not been explicitly tested so far. We report results from experimental spatial duopolies designed to address this issue. The levels of product differentiation observed are systematically lower than predicted in equilibrium under risk neutrality and compatible with risk aversion. The observed prices are consistent with collusion attempts. Our main findings are robust to variations in three experimental conditions: automated vs. human market sharing rule for ties, individual vs. collective decision making, and even vs. odd number of locations.

Ausencia, prohibición y carencia : Estudio de los personajes y el deseo frustrado en tres obras de García Lorca

In this thesis, the main male characters in three of the plays written by Federico García Lorca are analysed with the aim of seeingthe role they play in the frustration of desire. After two chapters dedicated to a review of published critical studies on Lorca and tocertain theoretical considerations, Chapter Three examines desire drawing on Ubersfeld's actancial model and observes that thesemale characters can be divided into two groups: those who are desired and those who are undesired.In Chapter Four this classification is linked to an analysis of absence, prohibition and lack. Absence is here defined not asrelated to their non-appearance on stage but rather to their non-presence in the lives of the desiring female protagonists. It isobserved that a number of male characters are absent in the plays mainly due to death or a journey. As far as prohibition isconcerned, in two of the works, there is a moral code associated with concepts such as "honour" and "decency", which blocks thefemale characters' access to the males they desire. Chapter Four also shows how several characters can be considered as lacking inthe sense that they do not possess the ideal male qualities contained in the plays. This chapter reaches the conclusion that desiredmale characters are either absent or forbidden in the world of the desiring female, whereas undesired male characters are lacking inthe sense that they fail to live up to the ideal highlighted in the plays.Chapter Five analyses the female characters' perception of the male figures, making use of René Girard's notion of"transfiguration", which alludes to a process of idealisation of the object of desire. Our analysis reveals a connection betweendesire, denied access to the object of desire and transfiguration in the main subjects of desire. The phenomenon of "transfiguration"has several functions in the play: firstly, the creation of hyperbolical male characters; secondly, that of transmitting the intensity ofthe desire experienced and, finally, the highlighting of the lack of certain qualities in several male characters.We thus observe that, in these three plays written by García Lorca, Girard's pessimistic view of desire is confirmed, since desireneeds a series of obstacles, such as absence or prohibition, to survive. However, this is not the only explanation for the frustrationof desire: other factors, like the actions of certain male characters or destiny, also play a decisive role.

Simple calvo economies with heterogeneous pricing

A motivação para este trabalho vem dos principais resultados de Carvalho e Schwartzman (2008), onde a heterogeneidade surge a partir de diferentes regras de ajuste de preço entre os setores. Os momentos setoriais da duração da rigidez nominal são su cientes para explicar certos efeitos monetários. Uma vez que concordamos que a heterogeneidade é relevante para o estudo da rigidez de preços, como poderíamos escrever um modelo com o menor número possível de setores, embora com um mínimo de heterogeneidade su ciente para produzir qualquer impacto monetário desejado, ou ainda, qualquer três momentos da duração? Para responder a esta questão, este artigo se restringe a estudar modelos com hazard-constante e considera que o efeito acumulado e a dinâmica de curto-prazo da política monetária são boas formas de se resumir grandes economias heterogêneas. Mostramos que dois setores são su cientes para resumir os efeitos acumulados de choques monetários, e economias com 3 setores são boas aproximações para a dinâmica destes efeitos. Exercícios numéricos para a dinâmica de curto prazo de uma economia com rigidez de informação mostram que aproximar 500 setores usando apenas 3 produz erros inferiores a 3%. Ou seja, se um choque monetário reduz o produto em 5%, a economia aproximada produzirá um impacto entre 4,85% e 5,15%. O mesmo vale para a dinâmica produzida por choques de nível de moeda em uma economia com rigidez de preços. Para choques na taxa de crescimento da moeda, a erro máximo por conta da aproximação é de 2,4%.

Entre fronteiras: a escrita imigrante de Julia Alvarez em How the García girls lost their Accents

This master s thesis aims at investigating the way in which diasporic subjects in the novel How the García Girls Lost their Accents (1992) cope with the clash of two cultures the Caribbean one, from the Dominican Republic, and the North-American one, from the U.S., as well as the implications of such negotiations in the lives of immigrants, once it apparently depicts the plight of those who are torn between mother-lands and mother-tongues (IYER, 1993, 46). At the same time, the implications of such negotiations in the lives of immigrants are relevant issues in the writing of Julia Alvarez. For this, there is the analysis of the uses of family memories as one of the main strategies immigrant writers possess to recall their identities. Moreover, this thesis will also consider the language issue for the construction of the immigrant identity insofar as bilingualism is a key factor in the negotiation the García girls must effect between their Caribbean and their American halves in order to understand where they stand in the contemporary world. In order to build a theoretical framework that supports this master s thesis, we list the works of Homi K. Bhabha (1990, 1996, 2003, 2005), Stuart Hall (2001, 2003), Julia Kristeva (1994), Salman Rushdie (1990, 1994), Sonia Torres (2001, 2003) among other contributions that were crucial to the completion of this academic research

The effects of anxiety on visual search, movement kinematics, and performance in table tennis: A test of Eysenck and Calvo's processing efficiency theory

Processing efficiency theory predicts that anxiety reduces the processing capacity of working memory and has detrimental effects on performance. When tasks place little demand on working memory, the negative effects of anxiety can be avoided by increasing effort. Although performance efficiency decreases, there is no change in performance effectiveness. When tasks impose a heavy demand on working memory, however, anxiety leads to decrements in efficiency and effectiveness. These presumptions were tested using a modified table tennis task that placed low (LWM) and high (HWM) demands on working memory. Cognitive anxiety was manipulated through a competitive ranking structure and prize money. Participants' accuracy in hitting concentric circle targets in predetermined sequences was taken as a measure of performance effectiveness, while probe reaction time (PRT), perceived mental effort (RSME), visual search data, and arm kinematics were recorded as measures of efficiency. Anxiety had a negative effect on performance effectiveness in both LWM and HWM tasks. There was an increase in frequency of gaze and in PRT and RSME values in both tasks under high vs. low anxiety conditions, implying decrements in performance efficiency. However, participants spent more time tracking the ball in the HWM task and employed a shorter tau margin when anxious. Although anxiety impaired performance effectiveness and efficiency, decrements in efficiency were more pronounced in the HWM task than in the LWM task, providing support for processing efficiency theory.

Búsqueda de nuevas rutas comerciales. Solón Wilches y las redes de poder en García Rovira, segunda mitad del siglo xix

This article presents a project formulated by the president of the Sovereign State of Santander, Solon Witches, to open new trade routes in order to create and maintain a network of power in the department of Garcia Rovira. First, the text highlights the political activity of General Witches to help his region; second, the commercial activities which surrounded his network of friends and family. Finally, the text answers the question of how associations worked around a main character in order to complete commercial transactions in a specific region.

Panamá: estimación de la matrícula escolar y de las necesidades de maestros y escuelas, 1960-1980 y estimación de las necesidades de vivienda 1950-1980

Incluye Bibliografía

Uruguay: proyección de la población por sexo y grupos de edades, 1963-2003

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Republica de Panama: Proyeccion de la poblacion economicamente activa, 1950-1975 y tabla de vida activa masculina para la Republica y el distrito de Panama 1950

Incluye Bibliografía