LiMn2-xTixO4 spinel-type compounds (x ≤ 1): Structural, electrical and magnetic properties

LiMn2-xTixO4 compounds with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 were prepared by solid state reaction and Pechini technique. Powder X-ray diffraction showed that all samples crystallize with the spinel crystal structure (S.G. Fd3-m). The cubic unit-cell parameter increases with the Ti content. The influence of the Ti content and cationic distribution on the magnetic properties of the compounds was studied by measuring the temperature and magnetic field dependences of the magnetization: substitution by non-magnetic d0 Ti4+ ions appeared to weaken the magnetic interactions between the manganese ions. The electrical properties of LiMnTiO4 were studied by AC impedance spectroscopy and DC polarisation measurements, which revealed the electronic character of the conduction process. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Spin-cluster effect and lattice-deformation-induced Kondo effect, spin-glass freezing, and strong phonon scattering in La 0.7 Ca 0.3Mn 1-xCr xO 3

Besides the Kondo effect observed in dilute magnetic alloys, the Cr-doped perovskite manganate compounds La0.7 Ca0.3 Mn1-x Crx O3 also exhibit Kondo effect and spin-glass freezing in a certain composition range. An extensive investigation for the La0.7 Ca0.3 Mn1-x Crx O3 (x=0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.0) system on the magnetization and ac susceptibility, the resistivity and magnetoresistance, as well as the thermal conductivity is done at low temperature. The spin-glass behavior has been confirmed for these compounds with x=0.05, 0.1, and 0.3. For temperatures above Tf (the spin-glass freezing temperature) a Curie-Weiss law is obeyed. The paramagnetic Curie temperature θ is dependent on Cr doping. Below Tf there exists a Kondo minimum in the resistivity. Colossal magnetoresistance has been observed in this system with Cr concentration up to x=0.6. We suppose that the substitution of Mn with Cr dilutes Mn ions and changes the long-range ferromagnetic order of La0.7 Ca0.3 MnO3. These behaviors demonstrate that short-range ferromagnetic correlation and fluctuation exist among Mn spins far above Tf. Furthermore, these interactions are a precursor of the cooperative freezing at Tf. The "double bumps" feature in the resistivity-temperature curve is observed in compounds with x=0.05 and 0.1. The phonon scattering is enhanced at low temperatures, where the second peak of double bumps comes out. The results indicate that the spin-cluster effect and lattice deformation induce Kondo effect, spin-glass freezing, and strong phonon scattering in mixed perovskite La0.7 Ca0.3 Mn1-x Crx O3. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.

上海四膜虫和两株嗜热四膜虫的rRNA基因ITS-1序列及分子系统关系

测定并比较了自接型的上海四膜虫 (Tetrahymenashanghaienisis)和两株接合型的嗜热四膜虫(T thermophilaⅡ和T thermophilaⅥ )的ITS - 1序列 ,以多态喇叭虫 (Stentorpolymorphrus)为外来群 ,利用最大简约法和邻接法构建了它们的系统发育树。分析指出 :三者中 ,T shanghaienisis较早地从祖先种中分化出来 ;自接型可能是一种较接合型原始的生殖方式。

一秋龄性成熟中华绒螫蟹的生物学──1.外部形态特征及性腺变化

本文描述了一秋龄性腺成熟中华绒螯蟹（简称河蟹）的外部特征并与一秋龄未成熟及二秋龄成熟河蟹进行比较，同时给出了体重与壳宽的回归方程．保安湖的研究结果表明，对于一秋龄雌蟹，体重大于２９．８ｇ（壳宽为４．０３ｃｍ）全部成熟，而体重小于１３．１ｇ（壳宽为３．００ｃｍ）均不成熟，体重在１３、１－２９．８ｇ之间，既有成熟又有未成熟．对于一秋龄雄蟹，体重大于２６．０ｇ（壳宽３．９１ｃｍ），全部成熟，而于１２．０ｇ壳宽２．６６ｃｍ）均未成熟，体重在１２．０－２６．０ｇ之间，既有成熟者又有未成熟个体．对一秋龄成熟河蟹成熟系

微型生态系统中鲢、鳙下行影响的实验研究——1.浮游生物群落和初级生产力

在营养物供给量较大的实验条件下,鲢、鳙放养明显地改变了微型生态系统的群落结构、代谢和理化环境,以致实验后期鳙单养和鲢、鳙混养系统出现不同程度的富营养化。微型生态系统中浮游植物密度的增长不完全由营养级联效应所致,但初级生产力的组间差异可大致依据营养级联假说来解释。实验结果认为,以提高鱼产量为目标的鲢、鳙高密度放养,对加速营养物来源丰富的天然水域的富营养化起着重要的作用。

Assessing boost-assist options for turbocharged engines using 1-D engine simulation and model predictive control

Delivering acceptable low end torque and good transient response is a significant challenge for all turbocharged engines. As downsized gasoline engines and Diesel engines make up a larger and larger proportion of the light-duty engines entering the market, the issue takes on greater significance. Several schemes have been proposed to improve torque response in highly boosted engines, including the use of electrical assist turbochargers and compressed air assist. In this paper we examine these methods with respect to their effectiveness in improving transient response and their relative performance along with some of the practical considerations for real world application. Results shown in this paper are from 1-D simulations using the Ricardo WAVE software package. The simulation model is based on a production light-duty Diesel engine modified to allow the introduction of compressed air at various points in the air-path as well as direct torque application to the turbocharger shaft (such as might be available from an electrical assist turbocharger). Whilst the 1-D simulation software provides a suitable environment for investigating the various boost assistance options, the overall air path performance also depends upon the control system. The introduction of boost assistance complicates the control in two significant ways: the system may run into constraints (such as compressor surge) that are not encountered in normal operation and the assistance introduces an additional control input. Production engine controllers are usually based on gain-scheduled PID control and extensive calibration. For this study, the non-linear nature of the engine together with the multiple configurations considered and the slower than real-time execution of 1-D models makes such an approach time consuming. Moreover, an ad-hoc approach would leave some doubt as to the fairness of comparisons between the different boost-assist options. Model Predictive Control has been shown to offer a convenient approach to controlling the 1-D simulations in a close to optimal manner for a typical Diesel VGT-EGR air path configuration. We show that the same technique can be applied to all the considered assistance methods with only modest calibration effort required. Copyright © 2012 SAE International.

Model based control for closed loop testing of 1-D engine simulation models

1-D engine simulation models are widely used for the analysis and verification of air-path design concepts and prediction of the resulting engine transient response. The latter often requires closed loop control over the model to ensure operation within physical limits and tracking of reference signals. For this purpose, a particular implementation of Model Predictive Control (MPC) based on a corresponding Mean Value Engine Model (MVEM) is reported here. The MVEM is linearised on-line at each operating point to allow for the formulation of quadratic programming (QP) problems, which are solved as the part of the proposed MPC algorithm. The MPC output is used to control a 1-D engine model. The closed loop performance of such a system is benchmarked against the solution of a related optimal control problem (OCP). As an example this study is focused on the transient response of a light-duty car Diesel engine. For the cases examined the proposed controller implementation gives a more systematic procedure than other ad-hoc approaches that require considerable tuning effort. © 2012 IFAC.

豌豆核酮糖1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶亚基结合蛋白的纯化及特性

用~(35)S-Met在照光下与豌豆完整叶绿体保温,显示新合成的标记的RubisCO大亚基与结合蛋白形成一复合物,经ATP处理后解离为结合蛋白亚基,同时释放出的标记的RubisCO大亚基参与了RubisCO的装配。豌豆叶片提取液经热处理,硫酸铵分部,DEAE-Sepharose fast flow和Sephacryl S-300柱层析在ND-PAGE,SDS-PAGE上显示为一条带,估计纯度达90％以上,得率比以前报道的高12倍。纯化的结合蛋白表面巯基数经测定为12±1个,总巯基数为36±1个。远紫外CD

果糖1,6-二磷酸酯酶的代谢调控

<正> 果糖1,6-二磷酸酯酶(FBPase 1)在生物体内糖异生代谢途径中起着重要的作用。当二价金属离子存在时,它催化果糖1,6-二磷酸(Fru-1,6-P_2)水解生成果糖6-磷酸(Fru-6-P)和无机磷。它是一个由4个相同亚单位构成的蛋白质,其亚单位分子量约为35 000～40 000。FBPase 1可被蛋白水解酶降解修饰,使其最适pH从7.5变为9.2。该酶受AMP及果糖2,6-二磷酸(Fru-2,6-P_2)

DL.1微生物饲料添加剂对养殖鱼类的促长作用

<正> 微生物作为饲料添加剂有其独特的优越性,有些已投入使用,并显示了明显的效果。微生物饲料添加剂资源的开发利用已日益引起国内外科学界和产业部门的重视。本文报道的是应用DL.1菌株培养物作为饲料添加剂饲养草鱼、团头鲂试验结果及其所起的促长作用。

FEC-free 50 m 1.5 Gb/s plastic optical fibre link using CAP modulation for home networks

LED-based carrierless amplitude and phase modulation is investigated for a multi-gigabit plastic optical fibre link. An FPGA-based 1.5 Gbit/s error free transmission over 50 m standard SI-POF using CAP64 is achieved, providing 2.9 dB power margin without forward error correction. © 2012 OSA.