990 resultados para 206-1256


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Novel morphology of ring-banded spherulites in the surface of poly(epsilon-caprolactone)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PCL/SAN) blends was discovered and studied by SEM and TEM. The ring-banded spherulites separate into those exhibiting a very dark contrast, of relatively regular bundles of lamellae and others appearing with a much brighter intensity, of a coarse and irregular aggregates of lamellae. The origin of the novel morphology is not due to different crystalline structures as in the case of isotactic polypropylene because only one crystal structure exists in PCL/SAN blends. The formation may reflect whether spherulites in PCL/SAN blends are nucleated at the bottom surface or at the top (free) surface.

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合成了具有磁铅石结构的Sr1-xLaxNiAl11O19系列催化剂,并用XRD、UV-DRS、H2-O2滴定及Py-IR等方法对其体相及表面性质进行了表征.结果表明,La3+离子能够同晶取代Sr2+离子进入催化剂晶格内部;随着La3+含量增加,催化剂的结晶度提高,从而降低了镍的还原性,并使金属镍在表面上的分散度略有提高;在SrNiAl11O19中掺入La3+离子,能够抑制晶体沿c轴方向的生长,提高其比表面积;同时La3+离子对Sr2+离子的调变,减少了表面的酸中心数目

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在二甲苯中,以氯化钕异丙醇配合物-三乙基铝(Al)为催化剂引发异戊二烯(Ip)顺式聚合,在转化率小于20%时,引入烯丙基氯(Cl),当Cl/Al摩尔比为1.0~6.0时,可制得环化度为66%~100%,Tg为60~70℃的环化聚异戊二烯(CPIp)。实验结果表明,随Cl/Al摩尔比的增加,Ip转化率升高,产物[η]降低。同时,用IR,1H-NMR,DSC等测试方法对环化产物的结构和性能进行了表征。

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For recycling of waste polymers, the degradation behavior of PP was studied with a combination of radiolysis and thermolysis methods. The results revealed that thermal degradation temperature of PP was significantly reduced when PP was irradiated in the presence of a zeolite. The irradiation-induced temperature reduction depended on the zeolite structure and composition, as well as on the morphology of the mixture. Identification of pyrolysis products indicated that, in the absence of zeolite, irradiation resulted only in a change of the product distribution but no formation of new compounds. In the presence of zeolite, however, a series of oxidized products were formed. In addition, the pyrolysis could be performed at a much lower temperature. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Limited

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研究了各种电化学预处理条件下碳纤维电极对扑热息痛及水解物(对氨基酚)的电化学行为.确定该体系最佳预处理条件为 0.2 V电位下阳极化1 min,再于-2.0V下阴极化10s.预处理后的碳纤维伏安响应得到明显提高.运用最佳条件并在支持电解质中加入添加剂后,扑热息痛及其水解物在毛细管电泳上获得很好的分离和检测.其中扑热息痛的检测下限为 2.78pg;对氨基酚为 1.84pg.

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胆甾醇丙烯酸酯/甲基丙烯酸丁酯无规共聚物的研究李安东,宋襄玉,周恩乐(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高分子物理开放研究实验室,长春,130022)关键词胆甾醇丙烯酸酯,甲基丙烯酸丁酯,高分子液晶,相态转变近来场致显示受到极大重视[1,2],但对含有胆甾...

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用辐射接枝工艺合成了功能高分子膜活性材料,并对其进行了表征,测定了以此为活性材料的离子选择电极性能。结果发现,硫酸根电极在10~(-1)—10~(-3)mol/L Na_2SO_4溶液中响应时间<70s,斜率为52mV/PSO_4~(2-);氯离子电极的线性范围1×10~(-1)—2×10~(-4)mol/L,检测下限为8×10~(-5)mol/L,稳定性好,寿命长,响应时间<5s,内阻<60kΩ,抗毒化能力强。从稀土离子选择电极中发现,以辐射接枝工艺合成的材料比化学法合成的好,前者斜率为53 mV/PGd,后者斜率为46 mV/PGd;预辐照接枝工艺合成的材料比共辐照接枝工艺的好些。

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以Tiron为自旋探针,检出了越冬针叶叶绿体指示超氧阴离子自由基产生的TH~·ESR信号。此信号可由紫外辐射,也可由光合有效辐射产生。以单位叶绿素量为基数计算的信号强度比已报道的其它植物材料大2~3个数量级。红松叶绿体信号又大于其它针叶树。此信号可被外源SOD,抗坏血酸、乙醇和N_2抑制;随光照增加而增强,12月到次年5月期间又随时间而增强。上述结果表明红松针叶的冬季光氧化伤害与叶绿体中过量超氧阴离子自由基的产生有关。

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双(环戊二烯基)镱(Ⅱ)四氢呋喃配合物(η~5-C_5H_5)_2Yb(THF)_2通过环辛二烯基钾(KC_8H_(11))还原(C_5H_5)_2YbCl·THF而得到,经元素分析、红外光谱表征,并测定了其晶体结构。配合物属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶体学参数a=1.3564(4),b=0.9569(3),c=1.4747(6)nm;β=109.90(3)°;V=1.79975(118)nm~3;D_c=1.65·cm~(-3);μ_C=54.7cm~(-1)(Mo);F(000)=880,Z=4。最后一致性因子R=0.079,R_w=0.081。Yb~(2+)的配位数为8。

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我们已建立了线性聚合物辐射交联反应中溶胶分数(S)与辐照剂量(R)间的关系式:R(S+S~(1/2))=1/q_0u_1+α_0R~β/q_0,(1)式中β是与高分子结构有关的参数β=2×10~(-3)T-g+0.206。(2)

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膜的微孔性和疏水性是水溶液膜蒸馏的两个基本条件,迄今人们均采用疏水性高分子材料制成疏水微孔膜用于膜蒸馏研究。本文采用辐照接枝聚合和等离子体表面聚合的方法,将亲水的醋酸纤维素微孔膜和硝酸纤维素微孔膜表面疏水化改性,成功地用于膜蒸馏研究,大大扩展了疏水微孔膜的材料来源。实验结果表明,亲水膜表面改性得到的疏水膜,其膜蒸馏性能不低于疏水材料制成的膜,尤其是等离子体聚合法可以实现多种特殊单体在多孔的材料表面聚合,成为制备高性能疏水微孔膜的有效手段,为膜蒸馏的深入发展和实用化创造了有利条件。

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本文研究了聚乙烯吡啶(PVP)化学修饰电极预富集——石墨炉原子吸收法测定酒石酸锑钾的方法。结果表明,在 pH 为3.5的 HCl 介质中,酒石酸锑钾浓度在5.4×10~(-8)~2.2×10~(-6)g/ml 范围内,与吸光度值呈良好的线性关系。对1.1×10~(-6)g/ml 的酒石酸锑钾溶液平行测定9次,相对标准偏差为4.9%,最低检测限为1.6×10~(-8)g/ml。17种异离子及有机物不干扰测定,回收率在97~103%之间,结果令人满意。

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本文利用光谱方法测定了SmP_5O_(14)晶体中Sm~(3+)离子的能级,通过拟合定出晶场参数,利用这些参数所计算的能级和实验能级符合得很好。