Trends in Brazilian academic production in the History of Mathematics Education: directions from EBRAPEM

The number of papers on History of Mathematics Education presented at EBRAPEM (Brazilian Meeting of Graduate Students in Mathematics Education) has increased significantly between 2003 and 2008. This article presents a study with the aim of identifying themes, periods in focus, and sources and theoretical and methodological references used by the authors of the papers on History of Mathematics Education published in the proceedings of VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XII EBRAPEM. The study indicates that the approach of ongoing research in History of Mathematics Education in Brazil has been similar to the approach of research in History of Education in general. However, the institutional separation between these two areas of investigation is noted as a factor rendering communication between both groups of researchers difficult.

Before dividing we have to add: inter-viewing the foregrounds of indigenous students

Students' cultural diversity is an important factor to consider in a mathematics education concerned with equity. We argue that the significance of mathematics education is not only given by the understanding of mathematical concepts but also by students' foreground, that is, the students' perception of their future possibilities in life as made apparent to the individual by his/her social-political context. For students in a cultural borderline position, different reasons and intentions for engaging in mathematics learning may be related to the construction of meaning in mathematics. Through inter-viewing Brazilian Indian students' foreground, we illuminate the different types of significance given to mathematics education in their particular situation.

Experiencing Manipulative Material for the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics

This paper presents some outcomes from research based on classroom experiences. The main themes are the use of mirrors, kaleidoscopes, dynamic geometry software, and manipulative material considering their possibilities for the teaching and learning of Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries.

Educação Matemática e Sociedade

The paper's aim is to justify the creation of the line of research Mathematics Education and Society in the Graduate Program of Mathematics Education (PPGEM), UNESP (Rio Claro, SP). In a brief history of the constitution of the mathematics education community, the categories culture and society were emphasized. A brief summary of sociology is presented, drawing on classical sociologists and contemporary authors. The group EMsociedade is presented, and its purpose, which is to be part of the PPGEM to establish a space for discussions between students and supervisors from the Graduate Program, elementary and middle school teachers, and others who have interest in the subject. One of the arguments defended by the group is presented: institutionalized mathematical knowledge in the Twentieth Century is a commodity. Finally, some future considerations are outlined, including the expectation that the line of research Mathematics Education and Society will be included in the PPGEM.

Uso da calculadora nas aulas de Matemática: possibilidades e percepção de licenciandos e professores

The objective of this work is to analyze teaching situations with the use of calculator inside classroom aiming to understand its function and potential to the learning of Mathematics. A survey was carried out about the students and teachers’ conceptions concerning the use of calculator as an auxiliary tool in the learning of Math . The first part of the research is based by means of official documents (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) , Proposta Curricular do Estado de São Paulo, Guia do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD)) , researches and other publications , characterizing by a bibliographic study. The survey with the participants— Math students and teachers acting in public or private schools of São Paulo state— was done through a questionnaire and interviews . The results show that most part of interviewed people are in favor of the use of calculator in the classroom . However , a big part of this number still consider it only as a tool to speed calculations with high numbers or decimals . It was verified that teachers who have recently graduated and have taught for a short period of time accept and comprehend the role of calculator more easily in some activities and consider it as an useful and auxiliary tool to the students’ learning

Desenvolvimento de extensões para um sistema de carregamento e descarregamento de navios

One of the reasons that influences the efficience of a port terminal that is especialized in movement of containers is in the process of their loading and unloading. The fundamental idea is to determine a plan, to each port in order to decrease the number of total movement of loading and unloading that are necessary during the ship route to every port so that they save time and consequently reduce costs. The goal of this research was to present improvement in the program, written in language C, used to solve to problem of loading and unloading of ships, a NP-complete problem, through the meta-heuristics Simulated Annealing. With the improvement made, an average of 50% reduction of necessary time was gotten to solve the problem in 45 analised instances and in a specific group of these instances the average reduction reached 77 and in 10 instances there was even an improvement in the solution

Uma análise fenomenológica do uso de jogos e materiais manipulativos no ensino de matemática

This work investigates the reasons that take teachers to use or not use manipulative materials in mathematics education as well as the knowledge that teachers of Basic Education schools of the city of Guaratingueta have about such resources. The experience in the classroom, while participating in projects, showed that these resources are important allies in knowledge production. However, we noticed that they are not often present in the teachers teaching practice. This leads us to investigate the relevance of such education resources from authors like Grando (2000) and Macedo (2012) and try to see the idea that math teachers have about their use. For this research we developed a questionnaire and we headed teachers to obtain data. Assuming a posture qualitative with phenomenological approach, organized researched data and interpreted following the procedures described by Bicudo (2011) and Machado (1994). We built three categories or regions of generality that lead us to consider that, for our research subjects, the use of manipulative materials is significant as Didactic Resources and Learning Aid, however, used from a Naïve Knowledge that does not involve reflection on practice or relies on theoretical concepts

Modelo de Lotka-Volterra com inclusão de termos perturbativos e capacitivos

Our purpose is to show the effects in the predator-prey trajectories due to parameter temporal perturbations and/or inclusion of capacitive terms in the Lotka Volterra Model. An introduction to the Lotka Volterra Model (chapter 2) required a brief review of nonlinear differential equations and stability analysis (chapter 1) , for a better understanding of our work. In the following chapters we display in sequence our results and discussion for the randomic pertubation case (chapter 3); periodic perturbation (chapter 4) and inclusion of capacitive terms (chapter 5). Finally (chapter 6) we synthesize our result

O jogo de xadrez e a aprendizagem matemática: uma análise de possibilidades

The idea of this research is to analyze the possibilities of using chess as a nice alternative for motivating and teaching mathematics. The study was carried out in three steps, consisting of a literature review about the importance of games for education, followed by the importance that the game of chess has on the student's cognitive development and, finally, a qualitative analysis of data obtained by recording it. The data were taken from some activities performed in the 6th grade class of elementary education at a public school in the city of Roseira, state of São Paulo, in a team at the age 9 and 12 year-old students. The result of this research proved to be significant the use of chess game to teach math, we were able to verify that there was an easy assimilation of the subject, because when a student plays, he/she willdevelop skills in the game which becomes an incentive to study even more

Efeitos de campos elétrico e magnético em um sistema dissipativo pulsante

The main idea of this work is to understand and analyze the dynamical aspects of the motion of a particle moving in the annular billiard, which corresponds to two circles of radius R and r (r

Laboratório de Ensino de Matemática: uma extensão da sala de aula

This work has as purpose to present some boardings that assist in the process of mathematics teach-learning. We detach the Laboratory of Education of Matemática (LEM) and its main components. On the basis of the National Curricular Parameters, we display four activities that had been developed and applied in a Municipal School of the Public Net of Education in the city of Roseira. In the activities the mental arithmetic is developed, to study the elementary operations and concepts of horizontal segment and vertical segment. The results show that, with the development of the activities, as much the researcher as the teacher and its pupils had been more interested in arguing, teaching and to learn mathematics

Instrumentação eletrônica para experimentação do modelo Bouncer Ball dissipativo

In our experiments, we studied the classical dynamic of a particle in vertical motion subject to a constant gravitational field and the partial shock with an elastic wall with oscillatory motion located below the particle. The motion of the particle was confined to the vertical direction by a glass guide tube, which was initially evacuated, allowing viscous drag forces to be disregarded. The time between impacts, as well as the time between the reference phase of the movement of the base and the moment of impact and the period of oscillation of the base will be acquired by a hardware and software to obtain the phases space to be compared later with the description of the system through mapping discrete variables via the 'particle velocity immediately after shock 'and' phase of the movement of the base at the instant of shock 'obtained by computer simulation. This requires developing an electronic analog system followed by Digital implemented in reconfigurable logic, more specifically a sequential machine able to discriminate the impact with the metal base from the impacts of the glass guide tube, based on the frequency spectrum of the response of the microphone to these different impacts

Estudo da tecnologia de acesso Wi-Fie suas aplicações em ambientes indoor e outdoor

Wireless communications is a feature that has become indispensable for many people in the whole world. Through this feature, communication process can become much more efficient, allowing people to access information much more quickly wherever they are. The constant evolution of communication technologies allows the development of new unthinkable applications and services. This new range of possibilities brings greater mobility and efficiency for final users and also helps service providers and carriers to improve the quality of services offered by them. This study presents the principles of wireless communication and the Wi-Fi technology as well as its most modern applications, covering from the basics of computer networks to the procedures of planning a wireless network, concepts of radio frequency, antennas, patterns, regulatory agencies, network equipment, protocols and network monitoring

Uma discussão sobre o ensino da estatística para os estudantes de graduação na França, no Brasil, e nos Estados Unidos

Today statistics are one of the most important bases of the engineer formation. Statistics are used indirectly every day for engineers in a large panel of sectors like construction, mechanical engineering, biological engineering, electrical engineering, computer science etc. The main goal of this report is to compare different ways the engineers of tomorrow are formed in order to show which engineering is the best practice. The comparison will be done on different universities in France, Brazil and the US on Mechanical, Civil, Electrical and Production branches. We will compare the amount of courses required, the degree of knowledge needed and the mains subjects